1
|
Billig S, Zayat R, Yelenski S, Nix C, Bennek-Schoepping E, Hochhausen N, Derwall M. The Self-Expandable Impella CP (ECP) as a Mechanical Resuscitation Device. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:456. [PMID: 38790323 PMCID: PMC11118512 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The survival rate of cardiac arrest (CA) can be improved by utilizing percutaneous left ventricular assist devices (pLVADs) instead of conventional chest compressions. However, existing pLVADs require complex fluoroscopy-guided placement along a guidewire and suffer from limited blood flow due to their cross-sectional area. The recently developed self-expandable Impella CP (ECP) pLVAD addresses these limitations by enabling guidewire-free placement and increasing the pump cross-sectional area. This study evaluates the feasibility of resuscitation using the Impella ECP in a swine CA model. Eleven anesthetized pigs (73.8 ± 1.7 kg) underwent electrically induced CA, were left untreated for 5 min and then received pLVAD insertion and activation. Vasopressors were administered and defibrillations were attempted. Five hours after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), the pLVAD was removed, and animals were monitored for an additional hour. Hemodynamics were assessed and myocardial function was evaluated using echocardiography. Successful guidewire-free pLVAD placement was achieved in all animals. Resuscitation was successful in 75% of cases, with 3.5 ± 2.0 defibrillations and 1.8 ± 0.4 mg norepinephrine used per ROSC. Hemodynamics remained stable post-device removal, with no adverse effects or aortic valve damage observed. The Impella ECP facilitated rapid guidewire-free pLVAD placement in fibrillating hearts, enabling successful resuscitation. These findings support a broader clinical adoption of pLVADs, particularly the Impella ECP, for CA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Billig
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rachad Zayat
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center Trier, Barmherzigen Brüder Hospital Trier, 54292 Trier, Germany
| | - Siarhei Yelenski
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | - Nadine Hochhausen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Derwall
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, St. Johannes Hospital, 44137 Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alnahhal KI, Majumdar M, Irshad A, Kapur N, Kumar S, Salehi P. Peripheral artery disease and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: Examining a high-risk cohort over time. Vascular 2023:17085381231165825. [PMID: 36943022 DOI: 10.1177/17085381231165825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a resource-intensive approach for the management of refractory cardiogenic shock. Within this population exists a substantial cohort of patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD), which independently increases the risk of complications and all-cause mortality. We studied 10-year national trends of the impact of PAD among VA-ECMO recipients to better understand the prevalence of PAD and implications on outcomes in this vulnerable population. METHODS This 10-year retrospective, propensity score-matched study identified all adult patients (≥18) who underwent VA-ECMO between 2009 and 2018, from a large US database (National Inpatient Sample). Patients with an ICD diagnosis of PAD were identified. The primary endpoints of in-hospital mortality, bleeding complications and major limb loss (above- or below-knee amputation) were compared between patients with PAD to those without. RESULTS A total of 6768 patients were identified, of which 342 (5.3%) had PAD. The median age at admission was significantly higher in PAD patients [64 years vs. 55 years; p < .01], as was male gender [71% vs. 64%; p < .01]. Patients with PAD had higher rates of smoking (38.9% vs. 23.3%), hypertension (71.1% vs. 50%), diabetes (37.4% vs. 27.0%), chronic kidney disease (30.1% vs. 18.0%), coronary artery disease (76.0% vs. 35.0%) and dyslipidemia (76.0% vs. 35.0); all p < .01. After propensity-matching 2:1 for comorbidities, PAD patients were found to have significantly greater overall complications, including in-hospital mortality, bleeding, surgical wound infections, pseudoaneurysms, and major adverse limb events [71.9% vs. 63.9%; p < .01]. Subgroup analysis revealed greater in-hospital mortality [62.2% vs. 55.3%; p < .05], major amputations [4.1% vs. 0.3%; p < .01] and blood transfusions [32.2% vs. 26.2%; p < .05] in PAD patients. Over 2014-2018, the non-PAD group demonstrated statistically discernable trends in a 51.1% decrease in overall complications and a 28.1% increase in survival to discharge (all p < .01). Over the same time period the PAD cohort experienced a modest, nonsignificant, decrease in complications [7.0%, p = .40] and a decrease in those surviving to discharge [47.1% vs. 40.5%, p = .91]. CONCLUSION Patients with PAD on VA-ECMO are sicker at baseline and experience significantly greater major amputations and higher in-hospital mortality. They have not benefitted from the considerable decrease in complication rates and increase in survival to discharge over time as compared to their non-PAD counterparts. These findings demonstrate the substantial frailty of the PAD population within an already high-risk cohort, and highlight the need for better procedural approaches and innovative technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Monica Majumdar
- Department of Surgery, 1867Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ali Irshad
- The CardioVascular Center, 1867Tufts Medical Center, Boston MA, USA
| | - Navin Kapur
- The CardioVascular Center, 1867Tufts Medical Center, Boston MA, USA
| | - Shivani Kumar
- The CardioVascular Center, 1867Tufts Medical Center, Boston MA, USA
| | - Payam Salehi
- The CardioVascular Center, 1867Tufts Medical Center, Boston MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vetrovec GW, Kaki A, Wollmuth J, Dahle TG. Strategies for Reducing Vascular and Bleeding Risk for Percutaneous Left Ventricular Assist Device-supported High-risk Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Heart Int 2022; 16:105-111. [PMID: 36741103 PMCID: PMC9872781 DOI: 10.17925/hi.2022.16.2.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients at high risk for haemodynamic instability during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), practitioners are increasingly opting for prophylactic mechanical circulatory support, such as the Impella® heart pump (Abiomed, Danvers, MA, USA). Though Impella-supported high-risk PCI (HRPCI) ensures haemodynamic stability during the PCI procedure, access-related complication rates have varied significantly in published studies. Reported variability in complication rates relates to many factors, including anticoagulation practices, access and closure strategy, post-procedure care and variations in event definitions. This article aims to outline optimal strategies to minimize vascular and bleeding complications during Impella-supported HRPCI based on previously identified clinical, procedural and postprocedural risk factors. Practices to reduce complications include femoral skills training, standardized protocols to optimize access, closure, anticoagulation management and post-procedural care, as well as the application of techniques and technological advances. Protocols integrating these strategies to mitigate access-related bleeding and vascular complications for Impella-supported procedures can markedly limit vascular access risk as a barrier to appropriate large-bore mechanical circulatory support use in HRPCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George W Vetrovec
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Amir Kaki
- Division of Cardiology, St. John’s Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jason Wollmuth
- Providence Heart and Vascular Institute, Providence, OR, USA
| | - Thom G Dahle
- CentraCare Heart & Vascular Center, St. Cloud Hospital, St. Cloud, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Al-Rashid F, Van Mieghem NM, Bonello L, Oreglia J, Romagnoli E. Standardized pre-procedural clinical workup for protected percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur Heart J Suppl 2022; 24:J11-J16. [PMCID: PMC9730791 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suac061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In addition to appropriate patient screening, pre-procedural preparation is essential to optimize both technical success and patient outcome for protected percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A critical component of optimization is the identification and preparation of a suitable femoral access site. Here, we describe several options for both imaging and image-guided access to optimize the approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Al-Rashid
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Nicolas M Van Mieghem
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Thoraxcenter , Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Laurent Bonello
- Department of Cardiology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital Nord, Aix-Marseille University , Marseille , France
| | - Jacopo Oreglia
- Department of Cardiology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda , Milan , Italy
| | - Enrico Romagnoli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Rome , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cormican DS, Madden C, Rodrigue MF. Mechanical circulatory support: complications, outcomes, and future directions. Int Anesthesiol Clin 2022; 60:72-80. [PMID: 35960687 DOI: 10.1097/aia.0000000000000373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Cormican
- Cardiothoracic & Transplant Anesthesiology and Surgical Critical Care, Anesthesiology Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Claire Madden
- Surgical Critical Care, Surgery Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Marc F Rodrigue
- Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang AY, Al Jabri A, Jewell ER, Jellison AL. Iatrogenic Femoral Arteriovenous Fistula with Pseudoaneurysm Associated with Worsening Heart Failure Years after Percutaneous Impella Placement. Case Rep Vasc Med 2022; 2022:7005236. [PMID: 35782052 PMCID: PMC9249528 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7005236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Iatrogenic arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) and pseudoaneurysms (PSAs) are rare complications that may develop years after vascular access, and high-volume flow through these AVFs have been hypothesized to contribute to chronic heart failure. Formation of an AVF or PSA following Impella placement has rarely been described in the literature. Here, we describe a patient who had percutaneous placement of an Impella ventricular assist device through his right groin three years prior, now presenting with worsening heart failure and symptoms of volume overload. He was discovered to have a new, high-flow common femoral artery to femoral vein AVF with an associated PSA. The AVF and associated PSA were resected and repaired. This case study highlights a rare access-site complication from percutaneous Impella placement associated with worsening heart failure, strategies for preventing this complication during peripheral access, and the need to consider this differential in such a patient with a history of peripheral access who has an unexplained worsening of heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andy Y. Wang
- Vascular Surgery, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - Ali Al Jabri
- Vascular Surgery, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - Edward R. Jewell
- Vascular Surgery, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - Angela L. Jellison
- Vascular Surgery, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Asemota D, Kassam Z, Voto C, Mangla A, Coven D, Lasic Z. Pseudoaneurysm Formation After "Preclose"-Assisted Impella Insertion in a Patient With Cardiogenic Shock. J Med Cases 2022; 13:202-206. [PMID: 35655626 PMCID: PMC9119370 DOI: 10.14740/jmc3841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of mechanical support devices such as the Impella CP (Abiomed, Danvers, MA) is a growing form of treatment for patients with cardiogenic shock (CS). Despite the increase in usage, there remains a dearth in literature regarding potential complications. Vascular complications such as pseudoaneurysms (PAs) are rare but important potential complications that can occur with use of the Impella. We present Impella-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in a patient with CS, "Preclosed" with the Perclose ProGlide (Abbott, Plymouth, MN) device complicated by development of a PA. A 62-year-old male patient with a history of diabetes and hypertension presented to our emergency room (ER) with chest pain and electrocardiogram (ECG) findings consistent with an acute anterior wall ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This was further complicated by refractory CS. The patient was urgently taken to the cardiac catherization laboratory. After exchange of sequential dilators, a single Perclose device was used prior to the insertion of the Impella sheath. The patient then underwent a successful Impella-assisted PCI of his left anterior descending artery. Upon stabilization of hemodynamics, the patient was taken to the catheterization laboratory for Impella removal. After removal of Impella, imaging detected extravasation of contrast, without development of hematoma, later confirmed to be a PA via computed tomography (CT) scans and ultrasound Doppler imaging. The PA was successfully managed with injection of thrombin. The PA was likely caused by shearing forces of the dilators, the 14-F Impella sheath and foot of the device. We propose deploying the Perclose device earlier in the process of dilating the access site to avoid such complication. This is one of the first case reports that detail the occurrence and management of a PA with Impella insertion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Asemota
- Department of Cardiology, Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zain Kassam
- Department of Cardiology, Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christian Voto
- Department of Medicine, Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aditya Mangla
- Department of Cardiology, Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Coven
- Department of Cardiology, Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zoran Lasic
- Department of Cardiology, Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nersesian G, Potapov EV, Nelki V, Stein J, Starck C, Falk V, Schoenrath F, Krackhardt F, Tschöpe C, Spillmann F. Propensity score-based analysis of 30-day survival in cardiogenic shock patients supported with different microaxial left ventricular assist devices. J Card Surg 2021; 36:4141-4152. [PMID: 34460968 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.15932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND METHODS Microaxial left ventricular assist devices are used increasingly for treating cardiogenic shock. We compared the short-term outcome of patients supported with different microaxial devices for cardiogenic shock. A retrospective propensity score-adjusted analysis was performed in cardiogenic shock patients treated with either the Impella CP (n = 64) or the Impella 5.0/5.5 (n = 62) at two tertiary cardiac care centers between 1/14 and 12/19. RESULTS Patients in the Impella CP group were significantly older (69.6 ± 10.7 vs. 58.7 ± 11.9 years, p = .001), more likely in INTERMACS profile 1 (76.6% vs. 50%, p = .003) and post-C-reactive protein (CPR) (36% vs. 13%, p = .006). The median support time was 2.0 days [0.0, 5.3] in the CP group vs. 8.5 days [4.3, 15.8] in the 5.0/5.5 group (p < .001). The unadjusted 30-day survival was significantly higher in the Impella 5.0/5.5 group (58% vs. 36%, p = .021, odds ratio [OR] for 30-day survival on Impella 5.0/5.5 was 3.68 [95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.46-9.90]], p = .0072). After adjustment, the 30-day survival was similar for both devices (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: [0.34-4.18], p = .744). Lactate levels above 8 mmol/L and preoperative CPR were associated with a significant mortality increase in both cohorts (OR: 10.7, 95% CI: [3.45-47.34], p < .001; OR: 13.2, 95% CI: [4.28-57.89], p < .001, respectively). CONCLUSION Both Impella devices offer a similar effect with regard to survival in cardiogenic shock patients. Preoperative CPR or lactate levels exceeding 8 mmol/L immediately before implantation have a poor prognosis on Impella CP and Impella 5.0/5.5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaik Nersesian
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Evgenij V Potapov
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vivian Nelki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Stein
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Starck
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volkmar Falk
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Felix Schoenrath
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Krackhardt
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapy (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Spillmann
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapy (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sohal S, Tayal R. Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices: Management and Prevention of Vascular Complications. Interv Cardiol Clin 2021; 10:269-279. [PMID: 33745675 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccl.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The use of mechanical circulatory support devices has seen a dramatic rise over the last few years owing to their increased use not only in acute circulatory collapse but also their prophylactic use in high-risk procedures. These devices continue to have their overall benefits marginalized due to the relatively high rates of complications. Vascular complications are the most common and are associated with increased risk of mortality in these patients. Preventive measures at each stage of procedure, frequent monitoring and assessment to recognize early signs of deterioration are the best ways to mitigate the effects of vascular complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Sohal
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, RWJ-Barnabas Heath Newark Beth Israel Medical Center, 201 Lyon Avenue, Newark, NJ 07112, USA
| | - Rajiv Tayal
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, RWJ-Barnabas Heath Newark Beth Israel Medical Center, 201 Lyon Avenue, Newark, NJ 07112, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Banning A, Adriaenssens T, Berry C, Bogaerts K, Erglis A, Distelmaier K, Guagliumi G, Haine S, Kastrati A, Massberg S, Orban M, Myrmel T, Vuylsteke A, Alfonso F, Van de Werf F, Verheugt F, Flather M, Sabaté M, Vrints C, Gershlick A. Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients with cardiogenic shock: rationale and design of the randomised, multicentre, open-label EURO SHOCK trial. EUROINTERVENTION 2021; 16:e1227-e1236. [PMID: 33106225 PMCID: PMC9725005 DOI: 10.4244/eij-d-20-01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cardiogenic shock (CGS) occurs in 6-10% of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Mortality has fallen over time from 80% to approximately 50% consequent on acute revascularisation but has plateaued since the 1990s. Once established, patients with CGS develop adverse compensatory mechanisms that contribute to the downward spiral towards death, which becomes difficult to reverse. We aimed to test in a robust, prospective, randomised controlled trial whether early support with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) provides clinical benefit by improving mortality and morbidity. METHODS AND RESULTS The EURO SHOCK trial will test the benefit or otherwise of mechanical cardiac support using VA-ECMO, initiated early after acute percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for CGS. The trial sets out to randomise 428 patients with CGS complicating ACS, following primary PCI (P-PCI), to either very early ECMO plus standard pharmacotherapy, or standard pharmacotherapy alone. It will be conducted in 39 European centres. The primary endpoint is 30-day all-cause mortality with key secondary endpoints: 1) 12-month all-cause mortality or admission for heart failure, 2) 12-month all-cause mortality, 3) 12-month admission for heart failure. Cost-effectiveness analysis (including quality of life measures) will be embedded. Mechanistic and hypothesis-generating substudies will be undertaken. CONCLUSIONS The EURO SHOCK trial will determine whether early initiation of VA-ECMO in patients presenting with ACS-CGS persisting after PCI improves mortality and morbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amerjeet Banning
- Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Adriaenssens
- University Hospitals Leuven, and Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Colin Berry
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kris Bogaerts
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, I-BioStat, and Universiteit Hasselt, I-BioStat, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andrejs Erglis
- Paula Stradina Kliniska Universitates Slimnica AS, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Riga, Latvia
| | - Klaus Distelmaier
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giulio Guagliumi
- Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Steven Haine
- Antwerp University Hospital, Department of Cardiology and University of Antwerp, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Adnan Kastrati
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Department of Cardiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, LMU University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Orban
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, LMU University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Truls Myrmel
- The Heart and Lung Clinic, University Hospital North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Alain Vuylsteke
- Royal Papworth Hospital, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando Alfonso
- Cardiac Department, La Princesa University Hospital, IIS-IP, CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Frans Van de Werf
- University Hospitals Leuven, and Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Freek Verheugt
- Heartcenter, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcus Flather
- University of East Anglia and Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Manel Sabaté
- Consorci Institut D’Investicacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christiaan Vrints
- Antwerp University Hospital, Department of Cardiology and University of Antwerp, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anthony Gershlick
- University of Leicester, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Radsel P, Goslar T, Bunc M, Ksela J, Gorjup V, Noc M. Emergency veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO)-supported percutaneous interventions in refractory cardiac arrest and profound cardiogenic shock. Resuscitation 2020; 160:150-157. [PMID: 33309699 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We investigated the spectrum of emergency veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO)-supported interventions including percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and invasive electrophysiology (EP). METHODS AND RESULTS Between June 2010 and February 2020, 52 consecutive patients underwent VA ECMO implantation for refractory cardiac arrest (E-CPR) and 78 for profound cardiogenic shock. Percutaneous interventions on VA ECMO included PCI (n = 29), TAVI (n = 4) and EP (n = 1). Surgical interventions were cardiac (n = 36) or non-cardiac (n = 5). During PCI, ECMO flow was maintained at 2.7 ± 1.0 L/min. Of the 40 treated lesions, 48% were located on left anterior descending and 20% on the left main artery. An average 2.0 ± 1.8 DES/patient with diameter 3.2 ± 0.5 mm and stented length 41 ± 35 mm were implanted. PCI success was 83%. TAVI was performed in 4 patients with left ventricular ejection fraction 21 ± 10% and mean aortic valve gradient 41 ± 5 mmHg. After successful valve implantation supported by 1.4 ± 0.1 L/min ECMO flow, mean gradient decreased to 11 ± 5 mmHg without significant aortic regurgitation. In one patient radiofrequency ablation of His bundle followed by permanent pacemaker implantation was performed under ECMO flow of 2.8 L/min. Overall survival to hospital discharge with good neurological recovery was 29% in E-CPR and 44% in profound cardiogenic shock. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed feasibility and effectiveness of VA ECMO-supported percutaneous interventions in patients with profound hemodynamic collapse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Radsel
- Center for Intensive Internal Medicine, University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tomaz Goslar
- Center for Intensive Internal Medicine, University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Cardiovascular Division and Center for Resuscitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matjaz Bunc
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jus Ksela
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vojka Gorjup
- Center for Intensive Internal Medicine, University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Noc
- Center for Intensive Internal Medicine, University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Abstract
Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) has emerged as a safe, durable, and revolutionary therapy for end-stage heart failure patients. Despite the appearance of newer-generation devices that have improved patient outcomes, the burden of adverse events remains significant. Although the survival rate for patients with LVAD is appreciated to be 81% at 1 year and 70% at 2 years, the incidence of adverse events is also high. Over time, both early and late postimplant complications have diminished in terms of prevalence and impact; however, complications, such as infections, bleeding, right heart failure, pump thrombosis, aortic insufficiency, or stroke, continue to represent a challenge for the practitioner. Therefore, the aim of this review is to highlight the most recent data regarding the current use of LVAD in the treatment of end-stage heart failure, with a specific focus on LVAD-related complications, in order to improve device-related outcomes. It will also revise how to mitigate the risk and how to approach specific adverse events. Withal, understanding the predisposing risk factors associated with postimplant complications, early recognition and appropriate treatment help to significantly improve the prognosis for patients with end-stage heart failure.
Collapse
|
13
|
Vetrovec GW, Kaki A, Dahle TG. A Review of Bleeding Risk with Impella-supported High-risk Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Heart Int 2020; 14:92-99. [DOI: 10.17925/hi.2020.14.2.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
|