1
|
Besharat A, Radkovski J, Sibiryakov S. Effective action for dissipative and nonholonomic systems. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:L052103. [PMID: 38907505 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.l052103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
We show that the action of a dynamical system can be supplemented by an effective action for its environment to reproduce arbitrary coordinate dependent ohmic dissipation and gyroscopic forces. The action is a generalization of the harmonic bath model and describes a set of massless interacting scalar fields in an auxiliary space coupled to the original system at the boundary. A certain limit of the model implements nonholonomic constraints. In the case of dynamics with nonlinearly realized symmetries the effective action takes the form of a two-dimensional nonlinear σ model. It provides a basis for application of path integral methods to general dissipative and nonholonomic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Besharat
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4M1 and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 2Y5
| | - Jury Radkovski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4M1 and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 2Y5
| | - Sergey Sibiryakov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4M1 and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 2Y5
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dong YX, Zhang ZT, Zhang XD, Cao BY. Orientation of graphene nanosheets in suspension under an electric field: theoretical model and molecular dynamic simulations. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:255702. [PMID: 38457833 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad31be] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Orientation regulation of nanoparticles in a suspension by an electric field is a powerful tool to tune its mechanical, thermal, optical, electrical properties etc. However, how molecular modification can affect the orientation of two-dimensional nanoparticles is still unclear. In this paper, the influence of molecular modification on the orientation of graphene nanosheets (GNS) in water was investigated through theoretical analyses and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Firstly, a new orientation angle model was proposed, which considers hydration effects, dipole moments and resistance torque. Then, MD simulations were conducted to investigate the effects of position, direction, type, and number of functional groups on the orientation of GNS. The trend observed in MD simulations is consistent with the proposed theoretical model. The results reveal that, under the combined influence of the dipole moment and hydration effects, the modification with hydrophilic functional groups can reduce the orientation angle from 21.31° to 8.34°, while the modification with hydrophobic functional groups increases it to 26.43°. Among the hydrophilic functional groups, orientation of hydroxylated GNS is the best. With an increase in the number of hydroxyl groups, orientation angle is decreased from 12.61° to 8.34°. This work can provide valuable guidance for the design of high-performance suspensions and composites, such as thermal smart materials with adjustable thermal conductivity and intelligent devices with tailored capabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xia Dong
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Yang Cao
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Madhu AK, Jayadeep UB, Sobhan CB. Effect of the fractal dimension of nanoparticle aggregates on enhanced thermal transport in nanofluids – a molecular dynamics study. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2023.2186144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. K. Madhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, India
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Adoor, India
| | - U. B. Jayadeep
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, India
| | - C. B. Sobhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Moreno-Chaparro D, Moreno N, Usabiaga FB, Ellero M. Computational modeling of passive transport of functionalized nanoparticles. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:104108. [PMID: 36922140 DOI: 10.1063/5.0136833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) are complex objects present in a variety of systems ranging from synthetic grafted nanoparticles to viruses. The morphology and number of the decorating groups can vary widely between systems. Thus, the modeling of functionalized NPs typically considers simplified spherical objects as a first-order approximation. At the nanoscale label, complex hydrodynamic interactions are expected to emerge as the morphological features of the particles change, and they can be further amplified when the NPs are confined or near walls. Direct estimation of these variations can be inferred via diffusion coefficients of the NPs. However, the evaluation of the coefficients requires an improved representation of the NPs morphology to reproduce important features hidden by simplified spherical models. Here, we characterize the passive transport of free and confined functionalized nanoparticles using the Rigid Multi-Blob (RMB) method. The main advantage of RMB is its versatility to approximate the mobility of complex structures at the nanoscale with significant accuracy and reduced computational cost. In particular, we investigate the effect of functional groups' distribution, size, and morphology over nanoparticle translational and rotational diffusion. We identify that the presence of functional groups significantly affects the rotational diffusion of the nanoparticles; moreover, the morphology of the groups and number induce characteristic mobility reduction compared to non-functionalized nanoparticles. Confined NPs also evidenced important alterations in their diffusivity, with distinctive signatures in the off-diagonal contributions of the rotational diffusion. These results can be exploited in various applications, including biomedical, polymer nanocomposite fabrication, drug delivery, and imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Moreno
- Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, BCAM, Alameda de Mazarredo 14, Bilbao 48400, Spain
| | | | - Marco Ellero
- Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, BCAM, Alameda de Mazarredo 14, Bilbao 48400, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Belkin A, Rudyak V, Krasnolutskii S. Molecular dynamics simulation of carbon nanotubes diffusion in water. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2022.2053119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Belkin
- Theoretical Mechanics Department, Novosibirsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Thermophysics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valery Rudyak
- Theoretical Mechanics Department, Novosibirsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Thermophysics, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Nanocomposite Materials Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey Krasnolutskii
- Theoretical Mechanics Department, Novosibirsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mahmood AU, Yingling YG. All-Atom Simulation Method for Zeeman Alignment and Dipolar Assembly of Magnetic Nanoparticles. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:3122-3135. [PMID: 35271259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c01253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) can organize into novel structures in solutions with excellent order and unique geometries. However, studies of the self-assembly of smaller MNPs are challenging due to a complicated interplay between external magnetic fields and van der Waals, electrostatic, dipolar, steric, and hydrodynamic interactions. Here, we present a novel all-atom molecular dynamics simulation method to enable detailed studies of the dynamics, self-assembly, structure, and properties of MNPs as a function of core sizes and shapes, ligand chemistry, solvent properties, and external field. We demonstrate the use and effectiveness of the model by simulating the self-assembly of oleic acid ligand-functionalized magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, with spherical and cubic shapes, into rings, lines, chains, and clusters under a uniform external magnetic field. We found that the long-range electrostatic interactions can favor the formation of a chain over a ring, the ligands promote MNP cluster growth, and the solvent can reduce the rotational diffusion of the MNPs. The algorithm has been parallelized to take advantage of multiple processors of a modern computer and can be used as a plugin for the popular simulation software LAMMPS to study the behavior of small MNPs and gain insights into the physics and chemistry of different magnetic assembly processes with atomistic details.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akhlak U Mahmood
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Yaroslava G Yingling
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kang K, Lee D, Seo J. Frequency-responsive cooperativity of graphene oxide complexes under a low AC bulk electric field. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
8
|
Javanainen M, Martinez-Seara H, Kelly CV, Jungwirth P, Fábián B. Anisotropic diffusion of membrane proteins at experimental timescales. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:015102. [PMID: 34241397 DOI: 10.1063/5.0054973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-particle tracking (SPT) experiments of lipids and membrane proteins provide a wealth of information about the properties of biomembranes. Careful analysis of SPT trajectories can reveal deviations from ideal Brownian behavior. Among others, this includes confinement effects and anomalous diffusion, which are manifestations of both the nanoscale structure of the underlying membrane and the structure of the diffuser. With the rapid increase in temporal and spatial resolution of experimental methods, a new aspect of the motion of the particle, namely, anisotropic diffusion, might become relevant. This aspect that so far received only little attention is the anisotropy of the diffusive motion and may soon provide an additional proxy to the structure and topology of biomembranes. Unfortunately, the theoretical framework for detecting and interpreting anisotropy effects is currently scattered and incomplete. Here, we provide a computational method to evaluate the degree of anisotropy directly from molecular dynamics simulations and also point out a way to compare the obtained results with those available from SPT experiments. In order to probe the effects of anisotropic diffusion, we performed coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of peripheral and integral membrane proteins in flat and curved bilayers. In agreement with the theoretical basis, our computational results indicate that anisotropy can persist up to the rotational relaxation time [τ=(2Dr)-1], after which isotropic diffusion is observed. Moreover, the underlying topology of the membrane bilayer can couple with the geometry of the particle, thus extending the spatiotemporal domain over which this type of motion can be detected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matti Javanainen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 542/2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Hector Martinez-Seara
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 542/2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Christopher V Kelly
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, 666 W Hancock Street, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Pavel Jungwirth
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 542/2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Balázs Fábián
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 542/2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|