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Afarin R, Dinarvand N, Jaberian Asl B, Orak G, Shakerian E, Bineshfar F, Ahangarpour A. Comparison of the anti-inflammatory and antilipidemic activity of diosmin and saroglitazar in a model of nonalcoholic fatty liver induced by a high-fat diet in Wistar rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:241-246. [PMID: 38234671 PMCID: PMC10790293 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.70157.15255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver-related metabolic disorder in the world, with a global prevalence of 25%. Compounds with anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering, and insulin-sensitizing properties can be used for the prevention or treatment of NAFLD. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of saroglitazar (a dual PPARα/γ agonist) and diosmin (a flavonoid) on non-alcoholic fatty liver induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods Forty male Wistar rats (6-8 weeks old) were fed an HFD to induce NAFLD. After 7 weeks, rats were divided into four groups: group1 was fed HFD, and the other groups received HFD+saroglitazar, HFD+diosmin, and HFD+ saroglitazar+diosmin. We examined body and liver weight, histopathology, serum levels of liver enzymes (ALT and AST), and lipid profiles (LDL-C and HDL-C) using the standard protocols. qRT-PCR was also used to examine the expression of PPARα, PPARγ, SREBP1c, FAS, ACC, CPT1α, and pro-inflammatory genes (IL6, TNFα, and TGFβ). Results Rats fed the HFD showed characteristics of NAFLD (pathologically and biochemically). Administration of saroglitazar and diosmin alone caused a significant decrease in the levels of PPARγ, SREBP1c, FAS, ACC, ALT, AST, LDL-C, and pro-inflammatory genes and a significant increase in PPARα, CPT1a, and HDL-C in comparison with the HF group (P<0.05). Their combined effect was more evident. Conclusion Our results showed that diosmin, like saroglitazar, significantly ameliorated inflammatory and lipid profiles in HFD-induced NAFLD, suggesting that diosmin, as a natural compound, could be a suitable alternative to saroglitazar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Afarin
- Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Negar Dinarvand
- Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bahar Jaberian Asl
- Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ghazal Orak
- Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Shakerian
- Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bineshfar
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Haginoya S, Thomovsky EJ, Johnson PA, Brooks AC. Clinical Assessment of Primary Hemostasis: A Review. Top Companion Anim Med 2023; 56-57:100818. [PMID: 37673175 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Primary hemostatic disorders such as thrombocytopenia and thrombocytopathia are commonly encountered in small animal practice. The key stages of primary hemostasis include platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation. Understanding the interaction between tissues, platelets, and signaling molecules not only helps clinicians comprehend clot formation but also better recognize thrombocytopathias. Although congenital thrombocytopathia is rare, commercially available platelet function tests allow veterinarians to narrow differentials in many clinical settings. Thrombocytopenia can be easily diagnosed in any clinical setting. In this paper, we review the current understanding of primary hemostasis in veterinary medicine, including the clinical presentation and available diagnostics to identify platelet abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Haginoya
- Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | | | - Paula A Johnson
- Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Aimee C Brooks
- Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Talbert ML, Malicdan MCV, Introne WJ. Chediak-Higashi syndrome. Curr Opin Hematol 2023; 30:144-151. [PMID: 37254856 PMCID: PMC10501739 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Chediak-Higashi syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital immunodeficiency, bleeding diathesis, pyogenic infection, partial oculocutaneous albinism, and progressive neurodegeneration. Treatment is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or bone marrow transplantation; however, this does not treat the neurologic aspect of the disease. Mutations in the lysosomal trafficking regulator (LYST) gene were identified to be causative of Chediak-Higashi, but despite many analyses, there is little functional information about the LYST protein. This review serves to provide an update on the clinical manifestations and cellular defects of Chediak-Higashi syndrome. RECENT FINDINGS More recent papers expand the neurological spectrum of disease in CHS, to include hereditary spastic paraplegia and parkinsonism. Granule size and distribution in NK cells have been investigated in relation to the location of mutations in LYST. Patients with mutations in the ARM/HEAT domain had markedly enlarged granules, but fewer in number. By contrast, patients with mutations in the BEACH domain had more numerous granules that were normal in size to slightly enlarged, but demonstrated markedly impaired polarization. The role of LYST in autophagosome formation has been highlighted in recent studies; LYST was defined to have a prominent role in autophagosome lysosome reformation for the maintenance of lysosomal homeostasis in neurons, while in retinal pigment epithelium cells, LYST deficiency was shown to lead to phagosome accumulation. SUMMARY Despite CHS being a rare disease, investigation into LYST provides an understanding of basic vesicular fusion and fission. Understanding of these mechanisms may provide further insight into the function of LYST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie L. Talbert
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - May Christine V. Malicdan
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wendy J. Introne
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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4
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Cortellari M, Bionda A, Cocco R, Sechi S, Liotta L, Crepaldi P. Genomic Analysis of the Endangered Fonni's Dog Breed: A Comparison of Genomic and Phenotypic Evaluation Scores. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13050818. [PMID: 36899675 PMCID: PMC10000202 DOI: 10.3390/ani13050818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fonni's dog is an ancient Sardinian breed for livestock and property guarding. In recent years, the number of new registrations to the breeding book has slumped and, thus, this breed risks being lost forever. This work refocuses attention to the Fonni's dog, analysing its genomic makeup and comparing different phenotypical and genetic evaluation scores. Thirty Fonni's dogs were ranked by their general accordance to the breed typicality (typicality score) and to the provisional standard by official judges (judges' score). They were genotyped with a 230K SNP BeadChip and compared with 379 dogs of 24 breeds. Genomically, the Fonni's dogs placed themselves near shepherd dogs and showed a unique genetic signature, which was used to create the genomic score. This score better correlated with typicality (ρ = 0.69, p < 0.0001) than the judges' score (ρ = 0.63, p = 0.0004), which showed little variability among the included dogs. Hair texture or colour were significantly associated in the three scores. The Fonni's dog is confirmed as a well-distinguished breed, despite being selected mainly for its work abilities. The evaluation criteria used during dog expositions can be improved to increase their variability and include elements typical of the breed. The recovery of the Fonni's dog would be possible only with a shared vision between the Italian kennel club and breeders, and the support of regional programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Cortellari
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan University, Via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Bionda
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan University, Via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Raffaella Cocco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sassari University, Via Vienna, 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Sara Sechi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sassari University, Via Vienna, 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Luigi Liotta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Messina University, Viale Palatucci, 13, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Crepaldi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan University, Via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Merico D, Pasternak Y, Zarrei M, Higginbotham EJ, Thiruvahindrapuram B, Scott O, Willett-Pachul J, Grunebaum E, Upton J, Atkinson A, Kim VHD, Aliyev E, Fakhro K, Scherer SW, Roifman CM. Homozygous duplication identified by whole genome sequencing causes LRBA deficiency. NPJ Genom Med 2021; 6:96. [PMID: 34795304 PMCID: PMC8602677 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-021-00263-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In more than one-third of primary immunodeficiency (PID) patients, extensive genetic analysis including whole-exome sequencing (WES) fails to identify the genetic defect. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is able to detect variants missed by other genomics platforms, enabling the molecular diagnosis of otherwise unresolved cases. Here, we report two siblings, offspring of consanguineous parents, who experienced similar severe events encompassing early onset of colitis, lymphoproliferation, and hypogammaglobulinemia, typical of lipopolysaccharide-responsive and beige-like anchor (LRBA) or cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) deficiencies. Gene-panel sequencing, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) array, and WES failed to reveal a genetic aberration in relevant genes. WGS of these patients detected a 12.3 kb homozygous tandem duplication that was absent in control cohorts and is predicted to disrupt the reading frame of the LRBA gene. The variant was validated by PCR and Sanger sequencing, demonstrating the presence of the junction between the reference and the tandem-duplicated sequence. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) further confirmed the copy number in the unaffected parents (CN = 3, heterozygous) and affected siblings (CN = 4, homozygous), confirming the expected segregation pattern. In cases of suspected inherited immunodeficiency, WGS may reveal a mutation when other methods such as microarray and WES analysis failed to detect an aberration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Merico
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646The Centre for Applied Genomics (TCAG), Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4 ON Canada ,Deep Genomics Inc., Toronto, M5G 1M1 ON Canada
| | - Yehonatan Pasternak
- Canadian Center for Primary Immunodeficiency and the Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, Toronto, M5G1X8 ON Canada ,grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1×8 ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8 ON Canada
| | - Mehdi Zarrei
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646The Centre for Applied Genomics (TCAG), Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4 ON Canada
| | - Edward J. Higginbotham
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646The Centre for Applied Genomics (TCAG), Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4 ON Canada
| | - Bhooma Thiruvahindrapuram
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646The Centre for Applied Genomics (TCAG), Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4 ON Canada
| | - Ori Scott
- Canadian Center for Primary Immunodeficiency and the Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, Toronto, M5G1X8 ON Canada ,grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1×8 ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8 ON Canada
| | - Jessica Willett-Pachul
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1×8 ON Canada
| | - Eyal Grunebaum
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1×8 ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8 ON Canada
| | - Julia Upton
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1×8 ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8 ON Canada
| | - Adelle Atkinson
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1×8 ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8 ON Canada
| | - Vy H. D. Kim
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1×8 ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8 ON Canada
| | - Elbay Aliyev
- grid.467063.00000 0004 0397 4222Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khalid Fakhro
- grid.467063.00000 0004 0397 4222Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar ,grid.416973.e0000 0004 0582 4340Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill-Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Stephen W. Scherer
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646The Centre for Applied Genomics (TCAG), Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4 ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8 ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938McLaughlin Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 0A4 ON Canada
| | - Chaim M. Roifman
- Canadian Center for Primary Immunodeficiency and the Jeffrey Modell Research Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency, Toronto, M5G1X8 ON Canada ,grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1×8 ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8 ON Canada
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Alhaddad H, Abdi M, Lyons LA. Patterns of allele frequency differences among domestic cat breeds assessed by a 63K SNP array. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247092. [PMID: 33630878 PMCID: PMC7906347 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cats are ubiquitous companion animals that have been keenly associated with humans for thousands of years and only recently have been intentionally bred for aesthetically appealing coat looks and body forms. The intense selection on single gene phenotypes and the various breeding histories of cat breeds have left different marks on the genomes. Using a previously published 63K Feline SNP array dataset of twenty-six cat breeds, this study utilized a genetic differentiation-based method (di) to empirically identify candidate regions under selection. Defined as three or more overlapping (500Kb) windows of high levels of population differentiation, we identified a total of 205 candidate regions under selection across cat breeds with an average of 6 candidate regions per breed and an average size of 1.5 Mb per candidate region. Using the combined size of candidate regions of each breed, we conservatively estimate that a minimum of ~ 0.1-0.7% of the autosomal genome is potentially under selection in cats. As positive controls and tests of our methodology, we explored the candidate regions of known breed-defining genes (e.g., FGF5 for longhaired breeds) and we were able to detect the genes within candidate regions, each in its corresponding breed. For breed specific exploration of candidate regions under selection, eleven representative candidate regions were found to encompass potential candidate genes for several phenotypes such as brachycephaly of Persian (DLX6, DLX5, DLX2), curled ears of American Curl (MCRIP2, PBX1), and body-form of Siamese and Oriental (ADGRD1), which encourages further molecular investigations. The current assessment of the candidate regions under selection is empiric and detailed analyses are needed to rigorously disentangle effects of demography and population structure from artificial selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Alhaddad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Mona Abdi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Leslie A. Lyons
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri - Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie A. Lyons
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
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Buckley RM, Gandolfi B, Creighton EK, Pyne CA, Bouhan DM, LeRoy ML, Senter DA, Gobble JR, Abitbol M, Lyons LA. Werewolf, There Wolf: Variants in Hairless Associated with Hypotrichia and Roaning in the Lykoi Cat Breed. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E682. [PMID: 32580512 PMCID: PMC7348984 DOI: 10.3390/genes11060682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of cat breeds have been developed via novelty selection on aesthetic, dermatological traits, such as coat colors and fur types. A recently developed breed, the lykoi (a.k.a. werewolf cat), was bred from cats with a sparse hair coat with roaning, implying full color and all white hairs. The lykoi phenotype is a form of hypotrichia, presenting as a significant reduction in the average numbers of follicles per hair follicle group as compared to domestic shorthair cats, a mild to severe perifollicular to mural lymphocytic infiltration in 77% of observed hair follicle groups, and the follicles are often miniaturized, dilated, and dysplastic. Whole genome sequencing was conducted on a single lykoi cat that was a cross between two independently ascertained lineages. Comparison to the 99 Lives dataset of 194 non-lykoi cats suggested two variants in the cat homolog for Hairless (HR) (HR lysine demethylase and nuclear receptor corepressor) as candidate causal gene variants. The lykoi cat was a compound heterozygote for two loss of function variants in HR, an exon 3 c.1255_1256dupGT (chrB1:36040783), which should produce a stop codon at amino acid 420 (p.Gln420Serfs*100) and, an exon 18 c.3389insGACA (chrB1:36051555), which should produce a stop codon at amino acid position 1130 (p.Ser1130Argfs*29). Ascertainment of 14 additional cats from founder lineages from Canada, France and different areas of the USA identified four additional loss of function HR variants likely causing the highly similar phenotypic hair coat across the diverse cats. The novel variants in HR for cat hypotrichia can now be established between minor differences in the phenotypic presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuben M. Buckley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (R.M.B.); (B.G.); (E.K.C.); (C.A.P.); (D.M.B.); (M.L.L.); (D.A.S.)
| | - Barbara Gandolfi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (R.M.B.); (B.G.); (E.K.C.); (C.A.P.); (D.M.B.); (M.L.L.); (D.A.S.)
| | - Erica K. Creighton
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (R.M.B.); (B.G.); (E.K.C.); (C.A.P.); (D.M.B.); (M.L.L.); (D.A.S.)
| | - Connor A. Pyne
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (R.M.B.); (B.G.); (E.K.C.); (C.A.P.); (D.M.B.); (M.L.L.); (D.A.S.)
| | - Delia M. Bouhan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (R.M.B.); (B.G.); (E.K.C.); (C.A.P.); (D.M.B.); (M.L.L.); (D.A.S.)
| | - Michelle L. LeRoy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (R.M.B.); (B.G.); (E.K.C.); (C.A.P.); (D.M.B.); (M.L.L.); (D.A.S.)
- Veterinary Allergy and Dermatology Clinic, LLC., Overland Park, KS 66210, USA
| | - David A. Senter
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (R.M.B.); (B.G.); (E.K.C.); (C.A.P.); (D.M.B.); (M.L.L.); (D.A.S.)
- Veterinary Allergy and Dermatology Clinic, LLC., Overland Park, KS 66210, USA
| | | | - Marie Abitbol
- NeuroMyoGène Institute, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Faculty of Medicine, Rockefeller, Claude Bernard Lyon I University, 69008 Lyon, France;
- VetAgro Sup, University of Lyon, Marcy-l’Etoile, 69280 Lyon, France
| | - Leslie A. Lyons
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (R.M.B.); (B.G.); (E.K.C.); (C.A.P.); (D.M.B.); (M.L.L.); (D.A.S.)
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Yu Y, Creighton EK, Buckley RM, Lyons LA. A Deletion in GDF7 is Associated with a Heritable Forebrain Commissural Malformation Concurrent with Ventriculomegaly and Interhemispheric Cysts in Cats. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E672. [PMID: 32575532 PMCID: PMC7349246 DOI: 10.3390/genes11060672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An inherited neurologic syndrome in a family of mixed-breed Oriental cats has been characterized as forebrain commissural malformation, concurrent with ventriculomegaly and interhemispheric cysts. However, the genetic basis for this autosomal recessive syndrome in cats is unknown. Forty-three cats were genotyped on the Illumina Infinium Feline 63K iSelect DNA Array and used for analyses. Genome-wide association studies, including a sib-transmission disequilibrium test and a case-control association analysis, and homozygosity mapping, identified a critical region on cat chromosome A3. Short-read whole genome sequencing was completed for a cat trio segregating with the syndrome. A homozygous 7 bp deletion in growth differentiation factor 7 (GDF7) (c.221_227delGCCGCGC [p.Arg74Profs]) was identified in affected cats, by comparison to the 99 Lives Cat variant dataset, validated using Sanger sequencing and genotyped by fragment analyses. This variant was not identified in 192 unaffected cats in the 99 Lives dataset. The variant segregated concordantly in an extended pedigree. In mice, GDF7 mRNA is expressed within the roof plate when commissural axons initiate ventrally-directed growth. This finding emphasized the importance of GDF7 in the neurodevelopmental process in the mammalian brain. A genetic test can be developed for use by cat breeders to eradicate this variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Yu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (Y.Y.); (E.K.C.); (R.M.B.)
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Erica K. Creighton
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (Y.Y.); (E.K.C.); (R.M.B.)
| | - Reuben M. Buckley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (Y.Y.); (E.K.C.); (R.M.B.)
| | - Leslie A. Lyons
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (Y.Y.); (E.K.C.); (R.M.B.)
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