KANSL2 and MBNL3 are regulators of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma invasion

MBNL3 Acts as a Target of miR-302e to Facilitate Cell Proliferation, Invasion and Angiogenesis of Gastric Adenocarcinoma via AKT/VEGFA Pathway

Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) is a common, malignant type of tumor in human, and is accompanied with higher mortality. Muscleblind-like 3 (MBNL3) was found to be a pivotal participator in aggravating this cancer's progression. However, the regulatory effects of MBNL3 on GAC development have not been investigated. We therefore sought to study the functions of MBNL3 in GAC progression. In this study, it was demonstrated that MBNL3 exhibited higher expression, and GAC patients with higher MBNL3 expression had poor prognosis. Overexpression of MBNL3 facilitated, and knockdown of MBNL3 suppressed cell proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis in GAC. Further experiments showed that miR-302e targets MBNL3. Rescue assays then uncovered that the miR-302e/MBNL3 axis aggravated GAC progression. In addition, MBNL3 activated the AKT/VEGFA pathway, and the suppressive regulatory impacts of MBNL3 knockdown on GAC cell proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis could be rescued after 740 Y-P treatment. Through in vivo assay, it was proved that MBNL3 accelerated tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, MBNL3 acted as a target of miR-302e to facilitate cell proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis of gastric adenocarcinoma through the AKT/VEGFA pathway. Our findings illustrate that MBNL3 may be an available bio-target for GAC treatment.

Transcriptional regulation by the NSL complex enables diversification of IFT functions in ciliated versus nonciliated cells

Members of the NSL histone acetyltransferase complex are involved in multiorgan developmental syndromes. While the NSL complex is known for its importance in early development, its role in fully differentiated cells remains enigmatic. Using a kidney-specific model, we discovered that deletion of NSL complex members KANSL2 or KANSL3 in postmitotic podocytes led to catastrophic kidney dysfunction. Systematic comparison of two primary differentiated cell types reveals the NSL complex as a master regulator of intraciliary transport genes in both dividing and nondividing cells. NSL complex ablation led to loss of cilia and impaired sonic hedgehog pathway in ciliated fibroblasts. By contrast, nonciliated podocytes responded with altered microtubule dynamics and obliterated podocyte functions. Finally, overexpression of wild-type but not a double zinc finger (ZF-ZF) domain mutant of KANSL2 rescued the transcriptional defects, revealing a critical function of this domain in NSL complex assembly and function. Thus, the NSL complex exhibits bifurcation of functions to enable diversity of specialized outcomes in differentiated cells.

Ropivacaine represses the proliferation, invasion, and migration of glioblastoma via modulating the microRNA-21-5p/KAT8 regulatory NSL complex subunit 2 axis

Ropivacaine (Rop) is available to suppress the growth of glioblastoma (GBM), while its mechanism has not been completely elaborated. In this study, we explore the latent mechanism of Rop repressing GBM's growth via mediating the microRNA (miR)-21-5p/KAT8 regulatory NSL complex subunit 2 (KANSL2) axis. MiR-21-5p was declined in GBM, while KANSL2 was elevated. Clinical association studies manifested miR-21-5p was distinctly linked to the tumor size and grade of GBM. Rop constrained GBM cell proliferation, invasion, and migration but boosted apoptosis. Elevated miR-21-5p strengthened Rop's action, while augmented KANSL2 weakened Rop's role. Furthermore, the impact of silencing miR-21-5p on GBM was turned around via declining KANSL2 in Rop-treated GBM cells. KANSL2 was the target gene of miR-21-5p. In short, Rop exerted an anti-tumor impact on GBM via mediating the miR-21-5p/KANSL2 axis, which offered novel viewpoints for the later adoption of Rop as GBM drugs.

Identification of Essential Genes Using Sequential CRISPR and siRNA Screens

Genome-wide CRISPR and siRNA screening methodologies are powerful tools that are aptly suited to the discovery of essential genes. In this chapter, we outline our methods to conduct sequential CRISPR and siRNA screens to quickly and efficiently identify essential genes within a collection of cell lines. The utilization of both screening methodologies provides a pipeline that minimizes costs and time while enabling the robust detection of candidate genes.

Nanog-mediated stem cell properties is critical for MBNL3 associated paclitaxel resistance of ovarian cancer

Paclitaxel (PTX) is the standard first-line treatment of ovarian cancer, but its efficacy is limited by multi-drug resistance. Therefore, it is crucial to identify effective drug targets to facilitate PTX-sensitivity for ovarian cancer treatment. Seventy PTX-administrated ovarian cancer patients were recruited in this study for gene expression and survival rate analyses. Muscleblind-like-3 (MBNL3) gain- and loss-of-function experiments were carried out in ovarian cancer cells (parental and PTX-resistant) and xenograft model. Cancer cell viability, apoptosis, spheroids formation, Nanog gene silencing were examined and conducted to dissect the underlying mechanism of MBNL3-mediated PTX-resistance. High expression of MBNL3 was positively correlated with PTX-resistance and poor prognosis of ovarian cancer. MBNL3 increased cell viability and decreased apoptosis in ovarian stem-like cells, through up-regulating Nanog. This study suggests the MBNL3-Nanog axis is a therapeutic target for the treatment of PTX-resistance in ovarian cancer management.