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Di Lorenzo E, Xu T, Zhao Y, Newman M, Capotondi A, Stevenson S, Amaya DJ, Anderson BT, Ding R, Furtado JC, Joh Y, Liguori G, Lou J, Miller AJ, Navarra G, Schneider N, Vimont DJ, Wu S, Zhang H. Modes and Mechanisms of Pacific Decadal-Scale Variability. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE 2023; 15:249-275. [PMID: 36112981 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-040422-084555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The modes of Pacific decadal-scale variability (PDV), traditionally defined as statistical patterns of variance, reflect to first order the ocean's integration (i.e., reddening) of atmospheric forcing that arises from both a shift and a change in strength of the climatological (time-mean) atmospheric circulation. While these patterns concisely describe PDV, they do not distinguish among the key dynamical processes driving the evolution of PDV anomalies, including atmospheric and ocean teleconnections and coupled feedbacks with similar spatial structures that operate on different timescales. In this review, we synthesize past analysis using an empirical dynamical model constructed from monthly ocean surface anomalies drawn from several reanalysis products, showing that the PDV modes of variance result from two fundamental low-frequency dynamical eigenmodes: the North Pacific-central Pacific (NP-CP) and Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension (KOE) modes. Both eigenmodes highlight how two-way tropical-extratropical teleconnection dynamics are the primary mechanisms energizing and synchronizing the basin-scale footprint of PDV. While the NP-CP mode captures interannual- to decadal-scale variability, the KOE mode is linked to the basin-scale expression of PDV on decadal to multidecadal timescales, including contributions from the South Pacific.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Di Lorenzo
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA;
| | - T Xu
- Physical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Y Zhao
- Deep-Sea Multidisciplinary Research Center, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - M Newman
- Physical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - A Capotondi
- Physical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - S Stevenson
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - D J Amaya
- Physical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - B T Anderson
- Department of Earth and Environment, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - R Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - J C Furtado
- School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Y Joh
- Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - G Liguori
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- School of Earth, Atmosphere, and Environment, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Lou
- Physical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - A J Miller
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - G Navarra
- Program in Ocean Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - N Schneider
- International Pacific Research Center and Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - D J Vimont
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - S Wu
- Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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Power S, Lengaigne M, Capotondi A, Khodri M, Vialard J, Jebri B, Guilyardi E, McGregor S, Kug JS, Newman M, McPhaden MJ, Meehl G, Smith D, Cole J, Emile-Geay J, Vimont D, Wittenberg AT, Collins M, Kim GI, Cai W, Okumura Y, Chung C, Cobb KM, Delage F, Planton YY, Levine A, Zhu F, Sprintall J, Di Lorenzo E, Zhang X, Luo JJ, Lin X, Balmaseda M, Wang G, Henley BJ. Decadal climate variability in the tropical Pacific: Characteristics, causes, predictability, and prospects. Science 2021; 374:eaay9165. [PMID: 34591645 DOI: 10.1126/science.aay9165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Power
- Centre for Applied Climate Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia.,School of Earth, Atmosphere, and Environment, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthieu Lengaigne
- MARBEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD Sète, Montpellier, France
| | - Antonietta Capotondi
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.,Physical Sciences Laboratory, NOAA, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Myriam Khodri
- LOCEAN-IPSL, Sorbonne Universités/UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHN, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Vialard
- LOCEAN-IPSL, Sorbonne Universités/UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHN, Paris, France
| | - Beyrem Jebri
- LOCEAN-IPSL, Sorbonne Universités/UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHN, Paris, France
| | - Eric Guilyardi
- LOCEAN-IPSL, Sorbonne Universités/UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHN, Paris, France.,National Centre of Atmospheric Science, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Shayne McGregor
- School of Earth, Atmosphere, and Environment, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jong-Seong Kug
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
| | - Matthew Newman
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.,Physical Sciences Laboratory, NOAA, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Gerald Meehl
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Julia Cole
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Julien Emile-Geay
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Vimont
- Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Mat Collins
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QE, UK
| | - Geon-Il Kim
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
| | - Wenju Cai
- Centre for Southern Hemisphere Oceans Research, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.,Frontier Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System and Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yuko Okumura
- Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | | | - Kim M Cobb
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Yann Y Planton
- NOAA-Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Aaron Levine
- NOAA-Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Feng Zhu
- Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Janet Sprintall
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emanuele Di Lorenzo
- Program in Ocean Science & Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- Centre for Southern Hemisphere Oceans Research, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Jing-Jia Luo
- Institute for Climate and Application Research (ICAR)/CICFEM/KLME/ILCEC, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaopei Lin
- Frontier Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System and Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
| | | | - Guojian Wang
- Centre for Southern Hemisphere Oceans Research, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Henley
- School of Earth, Atmosphere, and Environment, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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