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Zhu T, Wan L, Li R, Zhang M, Li X, Liu Y, Cai D, Lu H. Janus structure hydrogels: recent advances in synthetic strategies, biomedical microstructure and (bio)applications. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:3003-3026. [PMID: 38695621 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm02051g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Janus structure hydrogels (JSHs) are novel materials. Their primary fabrication methods and various applications have been widely reported. JSHs are primarily composed of Janus particles (JNPs) and polysaccharide components. They exhibit two distinct physical or chemical properties, generating intriguing characteristics due to their asymmetric structure. Normally, one side (adhesive interface) is predominantly constituted of polysaccharide components, primarily serving excellent adhesion. On the other side (functional surface), they integrate diverse functionalities, concurrently performing a plethora of synergistic functions. In the biomedical field, JSHs are widely applied in anti-adhesion, drug delivery, wound healing, and other areas. It also exhibits functions in seawater desalination and motion sensing. Thus, JSHs hold broad prospects for applications, and they possess significant research value in nanotechnology, environmental science, healthcare, and other fields. Additionally, this article proposes the challenges and future work facing these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taifu Zhu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
| | - Lei Wan
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
| | - Ruiqi Li
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
| | - Mu Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
| | - Yilong Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
| | - Dingjun Cai
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
| | - Haibin Lu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
- Department of Stomatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510900, China.
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2
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Yarali E, Mirzaali MJ, Ghalayaniesfahani A, Accardo A, Diaz-Payno PJ, Zadpoor AA. 4D Printing for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2402301. [PMID: 38580291 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
4D (bio-)printing endows 3D printed (bio-)materials with multiple functionalities and dynamic properties. 4D printed materials have been recently used in biomedical engineering for the design and fabrication of biomedical devices, such as stents, occluders, microneedles, smart 3D-cell engineered microenvironments, drug delivery systems, wound closures, and implantable medical devices. However, the success of 4D printing relies on the rational design of 4D printed objects, the selection of smart materials, and the availability of appropriate types of external (multi-)stimuli. Here, this work first highlights the different types of smart materials, external stimuli, and design strategies used in 4D (bio-)printing. Then, it presents a critical review of the biomedical applications of 4D printing and discusses the future directions of biomedical research in this exciting area, including in vivo tissue regeneration studies, the implementation of multiple materials with reversible shape memory behaviors, the creation of fast shape-transformation responses, the ability to operate at the microscale, untethered activation and control, and the application of (machine learning-based) modeling approaches to predict the structure-property and design-shape transformation relationships of 4D (bio)printed constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Yarali
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
- Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad J Mirzaali
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Ava Ghalayaniesfahani
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Giulio Natta, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Angelo Accardo
- Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Pedro J Diaz-Payno
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Amir A Zadpoor
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
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Cao Q, Chen W, Zhong Y, Ma X, Wang B. Biomedical Applications of Deformable Hydrogel Microrobots. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1824. [PMID: 37893261 PMCID: PMC10609176 DOI: 10.3390/mi14101824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel, a material with outstanding biocompatibility and shape deformation ability, has recently become a hot topic for researchers studying innovative functional materials due to the growth of new biomedicine. Due to their stimulus responsiveness to external environments, hydrogels have progressively evolved into "smart" responsive (such as to pH, light, electricity, magnetism, temperature, and humidity) materials in recent years. The physical and chemical properties of hydrogels have been used to construct hydrogel micro-nano robots which have demonstrated significant promise for biomedical applications. The different responsive deformation mechanisms in hydrogels are initially discussed in this study; after which, a number of preparation techniques and a variety of structural designs are introduced. This study also highlights the most recent developments in hydrogel micro-nano robots' biological applications, such as drug delivery, stem cell treatment, and cargo manipulation. On the basis of the hydrogel micro-nano robots' current state of development, current difficulties and potential future growth paths are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Cao
- School of Materials Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China;
| | - Wenjun Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China; (Y.Z.); (X.M.)
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ying Zhong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China; (Y.Z.); (X.M.)
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xing Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China; (Y.Z.); (X.M.)
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China;
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4
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Wang CH, Chang HK, Chen KJ, Huang DH, Chang CJ, Huang KH, Chiu YD, Horie M. Facile Photoresponsive Actuators Based on Ferrocene-Doped Poly(butyl methacrylate). ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:38846-38856. [PMID: 37537978 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents facile photoresponsive actuators comprising ferrocene as a guest chromophore and poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) as a host matrix. The ferrocene-doped PBMA film exhibits mechanical expansion and contraction when a 445 nm laser is turned on and off, respectively. The photoresponsive film is attached by a commercially available acetylcellulose adhesive tape, which exhibits a bending motion that is controlled by turning the laser on and off. Thereafter, the double-layer film is employed to fabricate a table-shaped lifting machine (0.7 mg) that lifts a 10.5 mg object up and down by turning the laser on and off, respectively, and the mechanical force offered by the double-layer film is recorded. Additionally, the film is coated with gold and applied to an electric circuit that serves as a reversible photoresponsive switch. This film preparation technique is applied to other chromophores (e.g., Coumarin 343, Rhodamine 6G, Sudan Blue II, and Solvent Green 3) to independently control the motions of the films with 445, 520, and 655 nm lasers. The ferrocene-containing films also exhibit photoinduced healing from mechanical damage. Finally, the photoirradiation-accompanied morphological changes in the film are observed via small-angle X-ray scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hsien Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Kai Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Jen Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Dao-Hong Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Ju Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hung Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yao-De Chiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Masaki Horie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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5
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Liang X, Chen Z, Deng Y, Liu D, Liu X, Huang Q, Arai T. Field-Controlled Microrobots Fabricated by Photopolymerization. CYBORG AND BIONIC SYSTEMS 2023; 4:0009. [PMID: 37287461 PMCID: PMC10243896 DOI: 10.34133/cbsystems.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Field-controlled microrobots have attracted extensive research in the biological and medical fields due to the prominent characteristics including high flexibility, small size, strong controllability, remote manipulation, and minimal damage to living organisms. However, the fabrication of these field-controlled microrobots with complex and high-precision 2- or 3-dimensional structures remains challenging. The photopolymerization technology is often chosen to fabricate field-controlled microrobots due to its fast-printing velocity, high accuracy, and high surface quality. This review categorizes the photopolymerization technologies utilized in the fabrication of field-controlled microrobots into stereolithography, digital light processing, and 2-photon polymerization. Furthermore, the photopolymerized microrobots actuated by different field forces and their functions are introduced. Finally, we conclude the future development and potential applications of photopolymerization for the fabrication of field-controlled microrobots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyue Liang
- School of Mechatronical Engineering,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- School of Mechatronical Engineering,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yan Deng
- School of Mechatronical Engineering,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Mechatronical Engineering,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- School of Mechatronical Engineering,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- School of Mechatronical Engineering,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tatsuo Arai
- School of Mechatronical Engineering,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Center for Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering,
The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
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6
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Emerging 4D printing strategies for on-demand local actuation & micro printing of soft materials. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Li Y, Wu J, Yang P, Song L, Wang J, Xing Z, Zhao J. Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Robots Powered and Controlled by Microwaves. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203305. [PMID: 35986431 PMCID: PMC9561789 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microwaves have become a promising wireless driving strategy due to the advantages of transmissivity through obstacles, fast energy targeting, and selective heating. Although there are some studies on microwave powered artificial muscles based on different structures, the lack of studies on microwave control has limited the development of microwave-driven (MWD) robots. Here, a far-field MWD parallel robot controlled by adjusting energy distribution via changing the polarization direction of microwaves at 2.47 GHz is first reported. The parallel robot is based on three double-layer bending actuators composed of wave-absorbing sheets and bimetallic sheets, and it can implement circular and triangular path at a distance of 0.4 m under 700 W transmitting power. The thermal response rate of the actuator under microwaves is studied, and it is found that the electric-field components can provide a faster thermal response at the optimal length of actuator than magnetic-field components. The work of the parallel robot is demonstrated in an enclosed space composed of microwave-transparent materials. This developed method demonstrates the multi-degree-of-freedom controllability for robots using microwaves and offers potential solutions for some engineering cases, such as pipeline/reactors inspection and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongze Li
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai264209China
| | - Jianyu Wu
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai264209China
| | - Peizhuo Yang
- School of Information Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai264209China
| | - Lizhong Song
- School of Information Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai264209China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Information Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai264209China
| | - Zhiguang Xing
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai264209China
| | - Jianwen Zhao
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai264209China
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8
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Vazquez-Perez F, Gila-Vilchez C, Duran J, Zubarev A, Alvarez de Cienfuegos L, Rodriguez-Arco L, Lopez-Lopez M. Composite polymer hydrogels with high and reversible elongation under magnetic stimuli. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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AmbroŽič R, Plazl I. Development of an electrically responsive hydrogel for programmable in situ immobilization within a microfluidic device. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:6751-6764. [PMID: 34195747 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00510c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel microfluidic channel device with programmable in situ formation of a hydrogel 3D network was designed. A biocompatible hybrid material consisting of iron ion-crosslinked alginate was used as the active porous medium. The sol-gel transition of the alginate was controlled by the oxidation state of Fe ions and regulated by an external electrical signal through an integrated gold plate electrode. The SEM images, FT-IR analysis, and rheological test demonstrated that homogeneous yet programmable hydrogel films were formed. The higher the concentration of the crosslinker (Fe(iii)), the smaller the pore and mesh size of the hydrogel. Moreover, the hydrogel thickness and volume were tailored by controlling the deposition time and the strength of electric current density. The as-prepared system was employed as an active medium for immobilization of target molecules, using BSA as a drug-mimicking protein. The reductive potential (activated by switching the current direction) caused dissolution of the hydrogel and consequently the release of BSA and Fe. The diffusion of the entrapped molecules was optimally adjusted by varying the dissolution conditions and the initial formulations. Finally, the altering electrical conditions confirm the programmable nature of the electrically responsive material and highlight its wide-ranging application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rok AmbroŽič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Igor Plazl
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. and Chair of Microprocess Engineering and Technology - COMPETE, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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10
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Lao Z, Xia N, Wang S, Xu T, Wu X, Zhang L. Tethered and Untethered 3D Microactuators Fabricated by Two-Photon Polymerization: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:465. [PMID: 33924199 PMCID: PMC8074609 DOI: 10.3390/mi12040465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microactuators, which can transform external stimuli into mechanical motion at microscale, have attracted extensive attention because they can be used to construct microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and/or microrobots, resulting in extensive applications in a large number of fields such as noninvasive surgery, targeted delivery, and biomedical machines. In contrast to classical 2D MEMS devices, 3D microactuators provide a new platform for the research of stimuli-responsive functional devices. However, traditional planar processing techniques based on photolithography are inadequate in the construction of 3D microstructures. To solve this issue, researchers have proposed many strategies, among which 3D laser printing is becoming a prospective technique to create smart devices at the microscale because of its versatility, adjustability, and flexibility. Here, we review the recent progress in stimulus-responsive 3D microactuators fabricated with 3D laser printing depending on different stimuli. Then, an outlook of the design, fabrication, control, and applications of 3D laser-printed microactuators is propounded with the goal of providing a reference for related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Lao
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong 999077, China; (N.X.); (S.W.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Neng Xia
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong 999077, China; (N.X.); (S.W.)
| | - Shijie Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong 999077, China; (N.X.); (S.W.)
| | - Tiantian Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Robotics and Intelligent System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (T.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Robotics and Intelligent System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (T.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong 999077, China; (N.X.); (S.W.)
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11
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Khodambashi R, Alsaid Y, Rico R, Marvi H, Peet MM, Fisher RE, Berman S, He X, Aukes DM. Heterogeneous Hydrogel Structures with Spatiotemporal Reconfigurability using Addressable and Tunable Voxels. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005906. [PMID: 33491825 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive hydrogels can sense environmental cues and change their volume accordingly without the need for additional sensors or actuators. This enables a significant reduction in the size and complexity of resulting devices. However, since the responsive volume change of hydrogels is typically uniform, their robotic applications requiring localized and time-varying deformations have been challenging to realize. Here, using addressable and tunable hydrogel building blocks-referred to as soft voxel actuators (SVAs)-heterogeneous hydrogel structures with programmable spatiotemporal deformations are presented. SVAs are produced using a mixed-solvent photopolymerization method, utilizing a fast reaction speed and the cononsolvency property of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) to produce highly interconnected hydrogel pore structures, resulting in tunable swelling ratio, swelling rate, and Young's modulus in a simple, one-step casting process that is compatible with mass production of SVA units. By designing the location and swelling properties of each voxel and by activating embedded Joule heaters in the voxels, spatiotemporal deformations are achieved, which enables heterogeneous hydrogel structures to manipulate objects, avoid obstacles, generate traveling waves, and morph to different shapes. Together, these innovations pave the way toward tunable, untethered, and high-degree-of-freedom hydrogel robots that can adapt and respond to changing conditions in unstructured environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roozbeh Khodambashi
- The Polytechnic School, Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Yousif Alsaid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Rossana Rico
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hamid Marvi
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Matthew M Peet
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Rebecca E Fisher
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Spring Berman
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Ximin He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Daniel M Aukes
- The Polytechnic School, Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
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12
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Shklyar TF, Orkhey EA, Safronov AP, Blyakhman FA. Biocompatible contactless electrically responsive hydrogel‐based force maker. POLYM INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana F Shklyar
- Institute of Natural Science and Mathematics Ural Federal University Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
- Department of Biomedical Physics and Engineering Ural State Medical University Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina A Orkhey
- Institute of Natural Science and Mathematics Ural Federal University Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
- Department of Biomedical Physics and Engineering Ural State Medical University Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Alexander P Safronov
- Institute of Natural Science and Mathematics Ural Federal University Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
- Institute of Electrophysics UB RAS Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Felix A Blyakhman
- Institute of Natural Science and Mathematics Ural Federal University Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
- Department of Biomedical Physics and Engineering Ural State Medical University Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
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13
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Tavakoli J, Raston CL, Tang Y. Tuning Surface Morphology of Fluorescent Hydrogels Using a Vortex Fluidic Device. Molecules 2020; 25:E3445. [PMID: 32751141 PMCID: PMC7435964 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, microfluidic techniques have been extensively used to advance hydrogel design and control the architectural features on the micro- and nanoscale. The major challenges with the microfluidic approach are clogging and limited architectural features: notably, the creation of the sphere, core-shell, and fibers. Implementation of batch production is almost impossible with the relatively lengthy time of production, which is another disadvantage. This minireview aims to introduce a new microfluidic platform, a vortex fluidic device (VFD), for one-step fabrication of hydrogels with different architectural features and properties. The application of a VFD in the fabrication of physically crosslinked hydrogels with different surface morphologies, the creation of fluorescent hydrogels with excellent photostability and fluorescence properties, and tuning of the structure-property relationship in hydrogels are discussed. We conceive, on the basis of this minireview, that future studies will provide new opportunities to develop hydrogel nanocomposites with superior properties for different biomedical and engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Tavakoli
- Centre for Health Technologies, School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia;
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Youhong Tang
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
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