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Xie J, Yin D, Ou J, Lu B, Liao S, Yang D, Zhang H, Shen N. A new strain of Rhodococcus indonesiensis T22.7.1 T and its functional potential for deacetylation of chitin and chitooligsaccharides. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1427143. [PMID: 39113839 PMCID: PMC11303147 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1427143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chitin, abundant in marine environments, presents significant challenges in terms of transformation and utilization. A strain, T22.7.1T, with notable chitin deacetylation capabilities, was isolated from the rhizosphere of Acanthus ebracteatus in the North Sea of China. Comparative 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that the new isolate had the highest sequence similarity (99.79%) with Rhodococcus indonesiensis CSLK01-03T, followed by R. ruber DSM 43338T, R. electrodiphilus JC435T, and R. aetherivorans 10bc312T (98.97%, 98.81%, and 98.83%, respectively). Subsequent genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis confirmed that strain T22.7.1T belongs to the R. indonesiensis species. However, additional taxonomic characterization identified strain T22.7.1T as a novel type strain of R. indonesiensis distinct from CSLK01-03T. Methods This study refines the taxonomic description of R. indonesiensis and investigates its application in converting chitin into chitosan. The chitin deacetylase (RiCDA) activity of strain T22.7.1T was optimized, and the enzyme was isolated and purified from the fermentation products. Results Through optimization, the RiCDA activity of strain T22.7.1T reached 287.02 U/mL, which is 34.88 times greater than the original enzyme's activity (8.0 U/mL). The natural CDA enzyme was purified with a purification factor of 31.83, and the specific activity of the enzyme solution reached 1200.33 U/mg. RiCDA exhibited good pH and temperature adaptability and stability, along with a wide range of substrate adaptabilities, effectively deacetylating chitin, chitooligosaccharides, N-acetylglucosamine, and other substrates. Discussion Product analysis revealed that RiCDA treatment increased the deacetylation degree (DD) of natural chitin to 83%, surpassing that of commercial chitosan. Therefore, RiCDA demonstrates significant potential as an efficient deacetylation tool for natural chitin and chitooligosaccharides, highlighting its applicability in the biorefining of natural polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, China
| | - Doudou Yin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, China
| | - Junchao Ou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, China
| | - Bo Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Siming Liao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Dengfeng Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, China
| | - Naikun Shen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, China
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Wang X, Tan J, Zou H, Wang F, Xu J. Cloning and Characterization of Chitin Deacetylase from Euphausia superba. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2075. [PMID: 38396751 PMCID: PMC10889134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chitin deacetylase (CDA) can catalyze the deacetylation of chitin to produce chitosan. In this study, we identified and characterized a chitin deacetylase gene from Euphausia superba (EsCDA-9k), and a soluble recombinant protein chitin deacetylase from Euphausia superba of molecular weight 45 kDa was cloned, expressed, and purified. The full-length cDNA sequence of EsCDA-9k was 1068 bp long and encoded 355 amino acid residues that contained the typical domain structure of carbohydrate esterase family 4. The predicted three-dimensional structure of EsCDA-9k showed a 67.32% homology with Penaeus monodon. Recombinant chitin deacetylase had the highest activity at 40 °C and pH 8.0 in Tris-HCl buffer. The enzyme activity was enhanced by metal ions Co2+, Fe3+, Ca2+, and Na+, while it was inhibited by Zn2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, and EDTA. Molecular simulation of EsCDA-9k was conducted based on sequence alignment and homology modeling. The EsCDA-9k F18G mutant showed a 1.6-fold higher activity than the wild-type enzyme. In summary, this is the first report of the cloning and heterologous expression of the chitin deacetylase gene in Euphausia superba. The characterization and function study of EsCDA-9k will serve as an important reference point for future application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xutong Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Byproducts of Pilot National Lab for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jiahao Tan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Byproducts of Pilot National Lab for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Huaying Zou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Byproducts of Pilot National Lab for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Byproducts of Pilot National Lab for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jiakun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Byproducts of Pilot National Lab for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266071, China
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Cheng M, Shao Z, Wang X, Lu C, Li S, Duan D. Novel Chitin Deacetylase from Thalassiosira weissflogii Highlights the Potential for Chitin Derivative Production. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030429. [PMID: 36984869 PMCID: PMC10057020 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Chitin is an important carbon fixation product of diatoms, and is the most abundant nitrogen-containing polysaccharide in the ocean. It has potential for widespread application, but the characterization of chitin-related enzymes from β-chitin producers has rarely been reported. In this study, a chitin deacetylase (TwCDA) was retrieved from the Marine Microbial Eukaryote Transcriptome Sequencing Project (MMETSP) database and was heterologously expressed in vitro for functional analysis. The results showed that both the full-length sequence (TwCDA) and the N-terminal truncated sequence (TwCDA-S) had chitin deacetylase and chitinolytic activities after expression in Escherichia coli. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) indicated that TwCDA and TwCDA-S could catalyze the deacetylation of oligosaccharide (GlcNAc)5. TwCDA had higher deacetylase activity, and also catalyzed the deacetylation of the β-chitin polymer. A dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assay showed that TwCDA-S had high chitinolytic activity for (GlcNAc)5, and the optimal reaction temperature was 35 °C. Liquid chromatography combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-coTOF-MS) detected the formation of a N-acetylglucosamine monomer (C8H15NO6) in the reaction mixture. Altogether, we isolated a chitin deacetylase from a marine diatom, which can catalyze the deacetylation and degradation of chitin and chitin oligosaccharides. The relevant results lay a foundation for the internal regulation mechanism of chitin metabolism in diatoms and provide a candidate enzyme for the green industrial preparation of chitosan and chitin oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhen Cheng
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhanru Shao
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xin Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Shuang Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Delin Duan
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2019-2020. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022:e21806. [PMID: 36468275 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This review is the tenth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2020. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. The review is basically divided into three sections: (1) general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, quantification and the use of arrays. (2) Applications to various structural types such as oligo- and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals, and (3) other areas such as medicine, industrial processes and glycan synthesis where MALDI is extensively used. Much of the material relating to applications is presented in tabular form. The reported work shows increasing use of incorporation of new techniques such as ion mobility and the enormous impact that MALDI imaging is having. MALDI, although invented nearly 40 years ago is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and range of applications show little sign of diminishing.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
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5
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Ivshina I, Bazhutin G, Tyumina E. Rhodococcus strains as a good biotool for neutralizing pharmaceutical pollutants and obtaining therapeutically valuable products: Through the past into the future. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:967127. [PMID: 36246215 PMCID: PMC9557007 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.967127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Active pharmaceutical ingredients present a substantial risk when they reach the environment and drinking water sources. As a new type of dangerous pollutants with high chemical resistance and pronounced biological effects, they accumulate everywhere, often in significant concentrations (μg/L) in ecological environments, food chains, organs of farm animals and humans, and cause an intense response from the aquatic and soil microbiota. Rhodococcus spp. (Actinomycetia class), which occupy a dominant position in polluted ecosystems, stand out among other microorganisms with the greatest variety of degradable pollutants and participate in natural attenuation, are considered as active agents with high transforming and degrading impacts on pharmaceutical compounds. Many representatives of rhodococci are promising as unique sources of specific transforming enzymes, quorum quenching tools, natural products and novel antimicrobials, biosurfactants and nanostructures. The review presents the latest knowledge and current trends regarding the use of Rhodococcus spp. in the processes of pharmaceutical pollutants’ biodegradation, as well as in the fields of biocatalysis and biotechnology for the production of targeted pharmaceutical products. The current literature sources presented in the review can be helpful in future research programs aimed at promoting Rhodococcus spp. as potential biodegraders and biotransformers to control pharmaceutical pollution in the environment.
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Liang YY, Yan LQ, Tan MH, Li GH, Fang JH, Peng JY, Li KT. Isolation, characterization, and genome sequencing of a novel chitin deacetylase producing Bacillus aryabhattai TCI-16. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:999639. [PMID: 36171752 PMCID: PMC9511218 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.999639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitin deacetylase (CDA) is a chitin degradation enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of chitin to chitosan by the deacetylation of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, playing an important role in the high-value utilization of waste chitin. The shells of shrimp and crab are rich in chitin, and mangroves are usually recognized as an active habitat to shrimp and crab. In the present study, a CDA-producing bacterium, strain TCI-16, was isolated and screened from the mangrove soil. Strain TCI-16 was identified and named as Bacillus aryabhattai TCI-16, and the maximum CDA activity in fermentation broth reached 120.35 ± 2.40 U/mL at 36 h of cultivation. Furthermore, the complete genome analysis of B. aryabhattai TCI-16 revealed the chitin-degrading enzyme system at genetic level, in which a total of 13 putative genes were associated with carbohydrate esterase 4 (CE4) family enzymes, including one gene coding CDA, seven genes encoding polysaccharide deacetylases, and five genes encoding peptidoglycan-N-acetyl glucosamine deacetylases. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that the predicted CDA of B. aryabhattai TCI-16 was composed of 236 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 27.3 kDa, which possessed a conserved CDA active like the known CDAs. However, the CDA of B. aryabhattai TCI-16 showed low homology (approximately 30%) with other microbial CDAs, and its phylogenetic tree belonged to a separate clade in bacteria, suggesting a high probability in structural novelty. In conclusion, the present study indicated that the novel CDA produced by B. aryabhattai TCI-16 might be a promising option for bioconversion of chitin to the value-added chitosan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-yin Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, College of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Lu-qi Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, College of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Ming-hui Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, College of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Ming-hui Tan,
| | - Gang-hui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, College of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Jian-hao Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, College of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Jie-ying Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, College of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Kun-tai Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, College of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- Kun-tai Li,
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Yang G, Wang Y, Fang Y, An J, Hou X, Lu J, Zhu R, Liu S. A Novel Potent Crystalline Chitin Decomposer: Chitin Deacetylase from Acinetobacter schindleri MCDA01. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165345. [PMID: 36014581 PMCID: PMC9416191 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan is a functional ingredient that is widely used in food chemistry as an emulsifier, flocculant, antioxidant, or preservative. Chitin deacetylases (CDAs) can catalyze the hydrolysis of acetyl groups, making them useful in the clean production of chitosan. However, the high inactivity of crystalline chitin catalyzed by CDAs has been regarded as the technical bottleneck of crystalline chitin deacetylation. Here, we mined the AsCDA gene from the genome of Acinetobacter schindleri MCDA01 and identified a member of the uraD_N-term-dom superfamily, which was a novel chitin deacetylase with the highest deacetylation activity. The AsCDA gene was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 by IPTG induction, whose activity to colloidal chitin, α-chitin, and β-chitin reached 478.96 U/mg, 397.07 U/mg, and 133.27 U/mg, respectively. In 12 h, the enzymatic hydrolysis of AsCDA removed 63.05% of the acetyl groups from α-chitin to prepare industrial chitosan with a degree of deacetylation higher than 85%. AsCDA, as a potent chitin decomposer in the production of chitosan, plays a positive role in the upgrading of the chitosan industry and the value-added utilization of chitin biological resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222000, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yaowei Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222000, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jia An
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xiaoyue Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222000, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222000, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Rongjun Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222000, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-05-15861246008
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Yang G, Hou X, Lu J, Wang M, Wang Y, Huang Y, Liu Q, Liu S, Fang Y. Enzymatic modification of native chitin and chitin oligosaccharides by an alkaline chitin deacetylase from Microbacterium esteraromaticum MCDA02. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 203:671-678. [PMID: 35122801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, chitin deacetylase from Microbacterium esteraromaticum MCDA02 (MeCDA) was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion exchange chromatography, and superdex column chromatography. The molecular weight of purified MeCDA was approximately 26 kDa. The optimum pH and temperature of purified MeCDA were 8.0 and 30 °C, respectively. The enzyme activity is enhanced by metal ions K+ and Sr+ and inhibited by Co2+, Cd2+, and EDTA. The degree of deacetylation through enzymatic modification of MeCDA was removed an average of 32.75% of the acetyl groups for ɑ-chitin by acid-base titration. Meanwhile, MeCDA can catalyze the hydrolytic cleavage of the acetamido bond in GlcNAc units within chitin oligomers and polymers. Hence, the MeCDA is a potent chitin decomposer to catalyze chitin and chitin oligosaccharides deacetylation to prepare chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide. This is a value-added utilization of chitin based biological resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222000, China; College of food science and engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xiaoyue Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222000, China; College of food science and engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222000, China; College of food science and engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Minbo Wang
- College of food science and engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- College of food science and engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yichen Huang
- College of food science and engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Qitong Liu
- College of food science and engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222000, China; College of food science and engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| | - Yaowei Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222000, China; College of food science and engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
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9
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Ma Q, Gao X, Tu L, Han Q, Zhang X, Guo Y, Yan W, Shen Y, Wang M. Enhanced Chitin Deacetylase Production Ability of Rhodococcus equi CGMCC14861 by Co-culture Fermentation With Staphylococcus sp. MC7. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:592477. [PMID: 33362742 PMCID: PMC7758288 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitin deacetylase (CDA) can hydrolyze the acetamido group of chitin polymers and its deacetylated derivatives to produce chitosan, an industrially important biopolymer. Compared with traditional chemical methods, biocatalysis by CDA is more environment-friendly and easy to control. However, most reported CDA-producing microbial strains show low CDA producing capabilities. Thus, the enhancement of CDA production has always been a challenge. In this study, we report co-culture fermentation to significantly promote the CDA production of Rhodococcus equi CGMCC14861 chitin deacetylase (ReCDA). Due to co-culture fermentation with Staphylococcus sp. MC7, ReCDA yield increased to 21.74 times that of pure culture of R. equi. Additionally, the enhancement was demonstrated to be cell-independent by adding cell-free extracts and the filtrate obtained by 10 kDa ultrafiltration of Staphylococcus sp. MC7. By preliminary characterization, we found extracellular, thermosensitive signal substances produced by Staphylococcus that were less than 10 kDa. We investigated the mechanism of promotion of ReCDA production by transcriptomic analysis. The data showed that 328 genes were upregulated and 1,258 genes were downregulated. The transcription level of the gene encoding ReCDA increased 2.3-fold. These findings provide new insights into the research of co-culture fermentation for the production of CDA and quorum sensing regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Xiuzhen Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Linna Tu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Han
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yabo Guo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenqin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanbing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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Pascual S, Planas A. Carbohydrate de-N-acetylases acting on structural polysaccharides and glycoconjugates. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 61:9-18. [PMID: 33075728 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Deacetylation of N-acetylhexosamine residues in structural polysaccharides and glycoconjugates is catalyzed by different families of carbohydrate esterases that, despite different structural folds, share a common metal-assisted acid/base mechanism with the metal cation coordinated with a conserved Asp-His-His triad. These enzymes serve diverse biological functions in the modification of cell-surface polysaccharides in bacteria and fungi as well as in the metabolism of hexosamines in the biosynthesis of cellular glycoconjugates. Focusing on carbohydrate de-N-acetylases, this article summarizes the background of the different families from a structural and functional viewpoint and covers advances in the characterization of novel enzymes over the last 2-3 years. Current research is addressed to the identification of new deacetylases and unravel their biological functions as they are candidate targets for the design of antimicrobials against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Likewise, some families are also used as biocatalysts for the production of defined glycostructures with diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Pascual
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, University Ramon Llull, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Planas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, University Ramon Llull, 08017, Barcelona, Spain.
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