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Ren W, Sun M, Shi X, Wang T, Wang Y, Wang C, Li M. Progress of Mass Spectrometry-Based Lipidomics in the Dairy Field. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112098. [PMID: 37297344 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids play important biological roles, such as providing essential fatty acids and signaling. The wide variety and structural diversity of lipids, and the limited technical means to study them, have seriously hampered the resolution of the mechanisms of action of lipids. With advances in mass spectrometry (MS) and bioinformatic technologies, large amounts of lipids have been detected and analyzed quickly using MS-based lipidomic techniques. Milk lipids, as complex structural metabolites, play a crucial role in human health. In this review, the lipidomic techniques and their applications to dairy products, including compositional analysis, quality identification, authenticity identification, and origin identification, are discussed, with the aim of providing technical support for the development of dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ren
- School of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Mengqi Sun
- School of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Shi
- School of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- School of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Yonghui Wang
- School of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Changfa Wang
- School of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- School of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
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2
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Leopold J, Prabutzki P, Engel KM, Schiller J. A Five-Year Update on Matrix Compounds for MALDI-MS Analysis of Lipids. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030546. [PMID: 36979481 PMCID: PMC10046246 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) is a widely used soft-ionization technique of modern mass spectrometry (MS). MALDI enables the analysis of nearly all chemical compounds—including polar and apolar (phospho)lipids—with a minimum extent of fragmentation. MALDI has some particular advantages (such as the possibility to acquire spatially-resolved spectra) and is competitive with the simultaneously developed ESI (electrospray ionization) MS. Although there are still some methodological aspects that need to be elucidated in more detail, it is obvious that the careful selection of an appropriate matrix plays the most important role in (lipid) analysis. Some lipid classes can be detected exclusively if the optimum matrix is used, and the matrix determines the sensitivity by which a particular lipid is detected within a mixture. Since the matrix is, thus, crucial for optimum results, we provide here an update on the progress in the field since our original review in this journal in 2018. Thus, only the development during the last five years is considered, and lipids are sorted according to increasing complexity, starting with free fatty acids and ending with cardiolipins and phosphoinositides.
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Leopold J, Engel KM, Prabutzki P, Schiller J. Combined Use of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and 31P NMR Spectroscopy for the Analysis of (Phospho)Lipids. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2625:183-200. [PMID: 36653644 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2966-6_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are important and abundant constituents of all biological tissues and body fluids. In particular, phospholipids (PLs) constitute a major part of the cellular membrane and play a role in signal transduction, and some selected PLs are increasingly considered as potential disease markers. Unfortunately, methods of lipid analysis are less established in comparison to techniques of protein analysis. Mass spectrometry (MS) is an increasingly used technique to analyze lipids, especially in combination with electrospray ionization MS, which is the most commonly used ionization technique in lipidomics. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization coupled to time-of-flight MS (MALDI-TOF MS) has itself proven to represent a useful tool in the field of lipid analysis. 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, another powerful method for PL analysis, represents a direct quantitative method and does not suffer from suppression effects.This paper gives an overview of methodological aspects of MALDI-TOF MS and 31P NMR in lipid research and summarizes the specific advantages and drawbacks of both methods. In particular, suppression effects in MS will be highlighted, and possible ways to overcome this problem, e.g., the use of different matrices and separation of the relevant lipid mixture prior to analysis, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Leopold
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin M Engel
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Patricia Prabutzki
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
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Biomolecular Profiling by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry in Food and Beverage Analyses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113631. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has frequently been applied to the analysis of biomolecules. Its strength resides not only in compound identification but particularly in acquiring molecular profiles providing a high discriminating power. The main advantages include its speed, simplicity, versatility, minimum sample preparation needs, and a relatively high tolerance to salts. Other benefits are represented by the possibility of automation, high throughput, sensitivity, accuracy, and good reproducibility, allowing quantitative studies. This review deals with the prominent use of MALDI-TOF MS profiling in food and beverage analysis ranging from the simple detection of sample constituents to quantifications of marker compounds, quality control, and assessment of product authenticity. This review summarizes relevant discoveries that have been obtained with milk and milk products, edible oils, wine, beer, flour, meat, honey, and other alimentary products. Marker molecules are specified: proteins and peptides for milk, cheeses, flour, meat, wine and beer; triacylglycerols and phospholipids for oils; and low-molecular-weight metabolites for wine, beer and chocolate. Special attention is paid to sample preparation techniques and the combination of spectral profiling and statistical evaluation methods, which is powerful for the differentiation of samples and the sensitive detection of frauds and adulterations.
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Cui Y, Ge L, Lu W, Wang S, Li Y, Wang H, Huang M, Xie H, Liao J, Tao Y, Luo P, Ding YY, Shen Q. Real-Time Profiling and Distinction of Lipids from Different Mammalian Milks Using Rapid Evaporative Ionization Mass Spectrometry Combined with Chemometric Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:7786-7795. [PMID: 35696488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The price of mammalian milk from different animal species varies greatly due to differences in their yield and nutritional value. Therefore, the authenticity of dairy products has become a hotspot issue in the market due to the replacement or partial admixture of high-cost milk with its low-cost analog. Herein, four common commercial varieties of milk, including goat milk, buffalo milk, Holstein cow milk, and Jersey cow milk, were successfully profiled and differentiated from each other by rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) combined with chemometric analysis. This method was developed as a real-time lipid fingerprinting technique. Moreover, the established chemometric algorithms based on multivariate statistical methods mainly involved principal component analysis, orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis, and linear discriminant analysis as the screening and verifying tools to provide insights into the distinctive molecules constituting the four varieties of milk. The ions with m/z 229.1800, 243.1976, 257.2112, 285.2443, 299.2596, 313.2746, 341.3057, 355.2863, 383.3174, 411.3488, 439.3822, 551.5051, 577.5200, 628.5547, 656.5884, 661.5455, 682.6015, and 684.6146 were selected as potential classified markers. The results of the present work suggest that the proposed method could serve as a reference for recognizing dairy fraudulence related to animal species and expand the application field of REIMS technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Cui
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Lijun Ge
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Weibo Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Shitong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Yunyan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Min Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Hujun Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Jie Liao
- Zhejiang Huacai Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, Zhejiang 311800, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Hangzhou Linping District Maternal & Child Health Care Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311113, China
| | - Pei Luo
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yin-Yi Ding
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Qing Shen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
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Hong Y, Birse N, Quinn B, Montgomery H, Wu D, Rosas da Silva G, van Ruth SM, Elliott CT. Identification of milk from different animal and plant sources by desorption electrospray ionisation high-resolution mass spectrometry (DESI-MS). NPJ Sci Food 2022; 6:14. [PMID: 35149683 PMCID: PMC8837636 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-022-00129-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study used desorption electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) to analyse and detect and classify biomarkers in five different animal and plant sources of milk for the first time. A range of differences in terms of features was observed in the spectra of cow milk, goat milk, camel milk, soya milk, and oat milk. Chemometric modelling was then used to classify the mass spectra data, enabling unique or significant markers for each milk source to be identified. The classification of different milk sources was achieved with a cross-validation percentage rate of 100% through linear discriminate analysis (LDA) with high sensitivity to adulteration (0.1-5% v/v). The DESI-MS results from the milk samples analysed show the methodology to have high classification accuracy, and in the absence of complex sample clean-up which is often associated with authenticity testing, to be a rapid and efficient approach for milk fraud control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Hong
- ASSET Technology Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Nicholas Birse
- ASSET Technology Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Brian Quinn
- ASSET Technology Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Holly Montgomery
- ASSET Technology Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Di Wu
- ASSET Technology Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Gonçalo Rosas da Silva
- ASSET Technology Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Saskia M van Ruth
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University and Research, western, the Netherlands
| | - Christopher T Elliott
- ASSET Technology Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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Engel KM, Prabutzki P, Leopold J, Nimptsch A, Lemmnitzer K, Vos DRN, Hopf C, Schiller J. A new update of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in lipid research. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 86:101145. [PMID: 34995672 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) is an indispensable tool in modern lipid research since it is fast, sensitive, tolerates sample impurities and provides spectra without major analyte fragmentation. We will discuss some methodological aspects, the related ion-forming processes and the MALDI MS characteristics of the different lipid classes (with the focus on glycerophospholipids) and the progress, which was achieved during the last ten years. Particular attention will be given to quantitative aspects of MALDI MS since this is widely considered as the most serious drawback of the method. Although the detailed role of the matrix is not yet completely understood, it will be explicitly shown that the careful choice of the matrix is crucial (besides the careful evaluation of the positive and negative ion mass spectra) in order to be able to detect all lipid classes of interest. Two developments will be highlighted: spatially resolved Imaging MS is nowadays well established and the distribution of lipids in tissues merits increasing interest because lipids are readily detectable and represent ubiquitous compounds. It will also be shown that a combination of MALDI MS with thin-layer chromatography (TLC) enables a fast spatially resolved screening of an entire TLC plate which makes the method competitive with LC/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin M Engel
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany
| | - Patricia Prabutzki
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany
| | - Jenny Leopold
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany
| | - Ariane Nimptsch
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany
| | - Katharina Lemmnitzer
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany
| | - D R Naomi Vos
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Strasse 10, D-68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Hopf
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Strasse 10, D-68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany.
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8
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MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Applications for Food Fraud Detection. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11083374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemical analysis of food products relating to the detection of the most common frauds is a complex task due to the complexity of the matrices and the unknown nature of most processes. Moreover, frauds are becoming more and more sophisticated, making the development of reliable, rapid, cost-effective new analytical methods for food control even more pressing. Over the years, MALDI-TOF MS has demonstrated the potential to meet this need, also due to a series of undeniable intrinsic advantages including ease of use, fast data collection, and capability to obtain valuable information even from complex samples subjected to simple pre-treatment procedures. These features have been conveniently exploited in the field of food frauds in several matrices, including milk and dairy products, oils, fish and seafood, meat, fruit, vegetables, and a few other categories. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of the existing MALDI-based applications for food quality assessment and detection of adulterations.
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Piras C, Hale OJ, Reynolds CK, Jones AK, Taylor N, Morris M, Cramer R. Speciation and milk adulteration analysis by rapid ambient liquid MALDI mass spectrometry profiling using machine learning. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3305. [PMID: 33558627 PMCID: PMC7870811 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82846-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing interest in food quality and traceability by regulators as well as consumers demands advances in more rapid, versatile and cost-effective analytical methods. Milk, as most food matrices, is a heterogeneous mixture composed of metabolites, lipids and proteins. One of the major challenges is to have simultaneous, quantitative detection (profiling) of this panel of biomolecules to gather valuable information for assessing food quality, traceability and safety. Here, for milk analysis, atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization employing homogenous liquid sample droplets was used on a Q-TOF mass analyzer. This method has the capability to produce multiply charged proteinaceous ions as well as highly informative profiles of singly charged lipids/metabolites. In two examples, this method is coupled with user-friendly machine-learning software. First, rapid speciation of milk (cow, goat, sheep and camel) is demonstrated with 100% classification accuracy. Second, the detection of cow milk as adulterant in goat milk is shown at concentrations as low as 5% with 92.5% sensitivity and 94.5% specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Piras
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6DX, UK
- Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Græcia University" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "Salvatore Venuta" Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Oliver J Hale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6DX, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Christopher K Reynolds
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6EU, UK
| | - A K Jones
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6EU, UK
| | - Nick Taylor
- Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics Research Unit (VEERU) & PAN Livestock Services Ltd, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6EU, UK
| | - Michael Morris
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Wilmslow, SK9 4AX, UK
| | - Rainer Cramer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6DX, UK.
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Creydt M, Fischer M. Food Phenotyping: Recording and Processing of Non-Targeted Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Data for Verifying Food Authenticity. Molecules 2020; 25:E3972. [PMID: 32878155 PMCID: PMC7504784 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Experiments based on metabolomics represent powerful approaches to the experimental verification of the integrity of food. In particular, high-resolution non-targeted analyses, which are carried out by means of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry systems (LC-MS), offer a variety of options. However, an enormous amount of data is recorded, which must be processed in a correspondingly complex manner. The evaluation of LC-MS based non-targeted data is not entirely trivial and a wide variety of strategies have been developed that can be used in this regard. In this paper, an overview of the mandatory steps regarding data acquisition is given first, followed by a presentation of the required preprocessing steps for data evaluation. Then some multivariate analysis methods are discussed, which have proven to be particularly suitable in this context in recent years. The publication closes with information on the identification of marker compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Creydt
- Hamburg School of Food Science-Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany;
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Fischer
- Hamburg School of Food Science-Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany;
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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Hauy BN, Oliani CHP, Fracaro GG, Barbalho SM, Guiguer ÉL, Souza MDSSD, Mendes CG, Bueno MDS, Araújo AC, Bueno PCDS. Effects of Consumption of Coconut and Cow's Milk on the Metabolic Profile of Wistar Rats Fed a Hyperprotein Diet. J Med Food 2020; 24:205-208. [PMID: 32544020 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intake of milk has decreased over the past few decades in Western populations and has been replaced by drinks of plant origin. Substitution of cow's milk by vegetable drinks occurs for some reasons, such as the presence of lactose intolerance, reduced calorie intake, prevention of obesity, vegan diets, and concern about the use of hormone therapy and its possible residues in bovine milk. For these reasons, the objective of this study was to evaluate the biochemical and anthropometric profile of animals subjected to a diet supplemented with coconut milk. Animals were divided into six groups (G1-G6), treated, respectively, regular diet and coconut milk or cow's milk, and with a high-protein content diet and coconut milk or cow's milk. Our results showed that the animals treated with coconut milk reduced body weight and visceral fat, and also showed that the use of a high-protein diet in association with coconut milk is a good combination in reducing visceral fat, percentage of weight gain, food intake, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Our results do not show substantial metabolic changes when comparing the use of coconut milk with the use of cow's milk (we cannot say that the coconut milk itself can be better than cow's milk in the evaluated metabolic parameters).
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Nomada Hauy
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Garcia Fracaro
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology of Marília, Marília, Brazil
| | - Élen Landgraf Guiguer
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology of Marília, Marília, Brazil
| | | | | | - Manoela Dos Santos Bueno
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil
| | - Adriano Cressoni Araújo
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil
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