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Tian Y, Fleitmann D, Zhang Q, Sha L, Wassenburg JA, Axelsson J, Zhang H, Li X, Hu J, Li H, Zhao L, Cai Y, Ning Y, Cheng H. Holocene climate change in southern Oman deciphered by speleothem records and climate model simulations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4718. [PMID: 37543627 PMCID: PMC10404270 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Qunf Cave oxygen isotope (δ18Oc) record from southern Oman is one of the most significant of few Holocene Indian summer monsoon cave records. However, the interpretation of the Qunf δ18Oc remains in dispute. Here we provide a multi-proxy record from Qunf Cave and climate model simulations to reconstruct the Holocene local and regional hydroclimate changes. The results indicate that besides the Indian summer monsoon, the North African summer monsoon also contributes water vapor to southern Oman during the early to middle Holocene. In principle, Qunf δ18Oc values reflect integrated oxygen-isotope fractionations over a broad moisture transport swath from moisture sources to the cave site, rather than local precipitation amount alone, and thus the Qunf δ18Oc record characterizes primary changes in the Afro-Asian monsoon regime across the Holocene. In contrast, local climate proxies appear to suggest an overall slightly increased or unchanged wetness over the Holocene at the cave site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Dominik Fleitmann
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, 4054, Switzerland
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Physical Geography and the Bolin Centre for Climate Change, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Lijuan Sha
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jasper A Wassenburg
- Center for Climate Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Josefine Axelsson
- Department of Physical Geography and the Bolin Centre for Climate Change, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Haiwei Zhang
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xianglei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jun Hu
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Hanying Li
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yanjun Cai
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Youfeng Ning
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Hai Cheng
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Clemens SC, Yamamoto M, Thirumalai K, Giosan L, Richey JN, Nilsson-Kerr K, Rosenthal Y, Anand P, McGrath SM. Remote and local drivers of Pleistocene South Asian summer monsoon precipitation: A test for future predictions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/23/eabg3848. [PMID: 34088672 PMCID: PMC8177704 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg3848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
South Asian precipitation amount and extreme variability are predicted to increase due to thermodynamic effects of increased 21st-century greenhouse gases, accompanied by an increased supply of moisture from the southern hemisphere Indian Ocean. We reconstructed South Asian summer monsoon precipitation and runoff into the Bay of Bengal to assess the extent to which these factors also operated in the Pleistocene, a time of large-scale natural changes in carbon dioxide and ice volume. South Asian precipitation and runoff are strongly coherent with, and lag, atmospheric carbon dioxide changes at Earth's orbital eccentricity, obliquity, and precession bands and are closely tied to cross-equatorial wind strength at the precession band. We find that the projected monsoon response to ongoing, rapid high-latitude ice melt and rising carbon dioxide levels is fully consistent with dynamics of the past 0.9 million years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Clemens
- Earth, Planetary, and Environmental Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Masanobu Yamamoto
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Liviu Giosan
- Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | | | - Katrina Nilsson-Kerr
- School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Yair Rosenthal
- Institute for Marine and Coastal Sciences and Department of Geology, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Pallavi Anand
- School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Sarah M McGrath
- Earth, Planetary, and Environmental Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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