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Théry A, Chamolly A, Lauga E. Controlling Confined Collective Organization with Taxis. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:108301. [PMID: 38518318 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.108301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Biased locomotion is a common feature of microorganisms, but little is known about its impact on self-organization. Inspired by recent experiments showing a transition to large-scale flows, we study theoretically the dynamics of magnetotactic bacteria confined to a drop. We reveal two symmetry-breaking mechanisms (one local chiral and one global achiral) leading to self-organization into global vortices and a net torque exerted on the drop. The collective behavior is ultimately controlled by the swimmers' microscopic chirality and, strikingly, the system can exhibit oscillations and memorylike features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albane Théry
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
- Department of Mathematics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Alexander Chamolly
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3738, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, F-75015 Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole normale supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Eric Lauga
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
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Upadhyaya A, Akella VS. The narrow escape problem of a chiral active particle (CAP): an optimal scheme. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:2280-2287. [PMID: 38356307 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00045e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
We report a simulation study on the narrow escape kinetics of a chiral active particle (CAP) confined to a circular domain with a narrow escape opening. The study's main objective is to optimize the CAP's escape chances as a function of the relevant parameters, such as translational and rotational speeds of the CAP, domain size, etc. We identified three regimes in the escape kinetics, namely the noise-dominated regime, the optimal regime, and the chiral activity-dominated regime. In particular, the optimal regime is characterized by an escape scheme that involves a direct passage to the domain boundary at first and then a unidirectional drift along the boundary towards the exit. Furthermore, we propose a non-dimensionalization approach to optimize the escape performance across microorganisms with varying motile characteristics. Additionally, we explore the influence of the translational and rotational noise on the CAP's escape kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alakesh Upadhyaya
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, NH-44, Jagti Village, Jammu, J & K, India.
| | - V S Akella
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, NH-44, Jagti Village, Jammu, J & K, India.
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Active Colloids on Fluid Interfaces. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Liu P, Ning L, Zong Y, Ye F, Yang M, Chen K. Lattice Induced Short-Range Attraction between Like-Charged Colloidal Particles. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:018002. [PMID: 35841542 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.018002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We perform experiments and computer simulations to study the effective interactions between like-charged colloidal tracers moving in a two-dimensional fluctuating background of colloidal crystal. By a counting method that properly accounts for the configurational degeneracy of tracer pairs, we extract the relative probability of finding a tracer pair in neighboring triangular cells formed by background particles. We find that this probability at the nearest neighbor cell is remarkably greater than those at cells with larger separations, implying an effective attraction between the tracers. This effective attraction weakens sharply as the background lattice constant increases. Furthermore, we clarify that the lattice-mediated effective attraction originates from the minimization of free energy increase from deformation of the crystalline background due to the presence of diffusing tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China
| | - Luhui Ning
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China
| | - Yiwu Zong
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Fangfu Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Mingcheng Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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Rühle F, Zantop AW, Stark H. Gyrotactic cluster formation of bottom-heavy squirmers. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2022; 45:26. [PMID: 35304659 PMCID: PMC8933315 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-022-00183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Squirmers that are bottom-heavy experience a torque that aligns them along the vertical so that they swim upwards. In a suspension of many squirmers, they also interact hydrodynamically via flow fields that are initiated by their swimming motion and by gravity. Swimming under the combined action of flow field vorticity and gravitational torque is called gyrotaxis. Using the method of multi-particle collision dynamics, we perform hydrodynamic simulations of a many-squirmer system floating above the bottom surface. Due to gyrotaxis they exhibit pronounced cluster formation with increasing gravitational torque. The clusters are more volatile at low values but compactify to smaller clusters at larger torques. The mean distance between clusters is mainly controlled by the gravitational torque and not the global density. Furthermore, we observe that neutral squirmers form clusters more easily, whereas pullers require larger gravitational torques due to their additional force-dipole flow fields. We do not observe clustering for pusher squirmers. Adding a rotlet dipole to the squirmer flow field induces swirling clusters. At high gravitational strengths, the hydrodynamic interactions with the no-slip boundary create an additional vertical alignment for neutral squirmers, which also supports cluster formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Rühle
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, D-10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Arne W Zantop
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, D-10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, D-10623, Berlin, Germany
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Ghosh PK, Marchesoni F, Li Y, Nori F. Active particle diffusion in convection roll arrays. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:11944-11953. [PMID: 33999060 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01088c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Undesired advection effects are unavoidable in most nano-technological applications involving active matter. However, it is conceivable to govern the transport of active particles at the small scales by suitably tuning the relevant advection and self-propulsion parameters. To this purpose, we numerically investigated the Brownian motion of active Janus particles in a linear array of planar counter-rotating convection rolls at high Péclet numbers. Similarly to passive particles, active microswimmers exhibit advection enhanced diffusion, but only for self-propulsion speeds up to a critical value. The diffusion of faster Janus particles is governed by advection along the array's edges, whereby distinct diffusion regimes are observed and characterized. Contrary to passive particles, the relevant spatial distributions of active Janus particles are inhomogeneous. These peculiar properties of active matter are related to the combined action of noise and self-propulsion in a confined geometry and hold regardless of the actual flow boundary conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulak Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Fabio Marchesoni
- Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy Science, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China. and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Camerino, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Yunyun Li
- Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy Science, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China.
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
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