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Wei D, Sun Y, Zhu H, Fu Q. Stimuli-Responsive Polymer-Based Nanosystems for Cancer Theranostics. ACS NANO 2023; 17:23223-23261. [PMID: 38041800 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive polymers can respond to internal stimuli, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH), and pH, biological stimuli, such as enzymes, and external stimuli, such as lasers and ultrasound, etc., by changing their hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, degradability, ionizability, etc., and thus have been widely used in biomedical applications. Due to the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME), stimuli-responsive polymers that cater specifically to the TME have been extensively used to prepare smart nanovehicles for the targeted delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents to tumor tissues. Compared to conventional drug delivery nanosystems, TME-responsive nanosystems have many advantages, such as high sensitivity, broad applicability among different tumors, functional versatility, and improved biosafety. In recent years, a great deal of research has been devoted to engineering efficient stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystems, and significant improvement has been made to both cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we summarize some recent research advances involving the use of stimuli-responsive polymer nanocarriers in drug delivery, tumor imaging, therapy, and theranostics. Various chemical stimuli will be described in the context of stimuli-responsive nanosystems. Accordingly, the functional chemical groups responsible for the responsiveness and the strategies to incorporate these groups into the polymer will be discussed in detail. With the research on this topic expending at a fast pace, some innovative concepts, such as sequential and cascade drug release, NIR-II imaging, and multifunctional formulations, have emerged as popular strategies for enhanced performance, which will also be included here with up-to-date illustrations. We hope that this review will offer valuable insights for the selection and optimization of stimuli-responsive polymers to help accelerate their future applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengshuai Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Hu Zhu
- Maoming People's Hospital, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Qinrui Fu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
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2
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Xu H, Wu L, Xue Y, Yang T, Xiong T, Wang C, He S, Sun H, Cao Z, Liu J, Wang S, Li Z, Naeem A, Yin X, Zhang J. Advances in Structure Pharmaceutics from Discovery to Evaluation and Design. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:4404-4429. [PMID: 37552597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery systems (DDSs) play an important role in delivering active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) to targeted sites with a predesigned release pattern. The chemical and biological properties of APIs and excipients have been extensively studied for their contribution to DDS quality and effectiveness; however, the structural characteristics of DDSs have not been adequately explored. Structure pharmaceutics involves the study of the structure of DDSs, especially the three-dimensional (3D) structures, and its interaction with the physiological and pathological structure of organisms, possibly influencing their release kinetics and targeting abilities. A systematic overview of the structures of a variety of dosage forms, such as tablets, granules, pellets, microspheres, powders, and nanoparticles, is presented. Moreover, the influence of structures on the release and targeting capability of DDSs has also been discussed, especially the in vitro and in vivo release correlation and the structure-based organ- and tumor-targeting capabilities of particles with different structures. Additionally, an in-depth discussion is provided regarding the application of structural strategies in the DDSs design and evaluation. Furthermore, some of the most frequently used characterization techniques in structure pharmaceutics are briefly described along with their potential future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huipeng Xu
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Wu
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yanling Xue
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ting Xiong
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Caifen Wang
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Siyu He
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongyu Sun
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zeying Cao
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Siwen Wang
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Abid Naeem
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Xianzhen Yin
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Jiwen Zhang
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No.2 Tiantan Xili, Beijing 100050, China
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3
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Zhu G, Wang B, Feng G, Zhou Z, Li W, Liu W, Su H, Wang W, Wang T, Yu XA. A nano-preparation approach to enable the delivery of daphnoretin to potentiate the therapeutical efficacy in hepatocellular cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:965131. [PMID: 36249790 PMCID: PMC9554561 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.965131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Daphnoretin (DAP), isolated from a traditional Chinese medicine Wikstroemia indica (Linn. C. A. Meyer), could induce apoptosis of hepatocellular cancer (HCC) and inhibit tumor growth. However, the application of DAP in cancer therapies was hampered because to its poor solubility. Herein, this study aimed to design an approach of double-targeted nano-preparation to enable the delivery of DAP to potentiate the therapeutical efficacy in liver cancer via glycyrrhetinic acid-polyethylene glycol-block-poly (D,L-lactic acid)/polyethylene glycol-block-poly (D,L-lactic acid)-DAP (GPP/PP-DAP). In particular, the purity of separated DAP was up to 98.12% for preparation research. GPP/PP-DAP was successfully prepared by the thin-film hydration method. Subsequently, the GPP/PP-DAP was optimized by univariate analysis and the response surface methodology, producing a stable and systemically injectable nano-preparation. Impressively, on the one hand, cytotoxicity studies showed that the IC50 of the GPP/PP-DAP was lower than that of free DAP. On the other hand, the GPP/PP-DAP was more likely to be endocytosed by HepG2 cells and targeted to the liver with orthotopic tumors, potentiating the therapeutical efficacy in HCC. Collectively, both in vitro and in vivo results indicated the excellent tumor inhibition and liver targeting of GPP/PP-DAP, suggesting the nano-preparation could serve as a potential drug delivery system for natural ingredients with anti-hepatoma activity to lay the theoretical foundation for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Zhu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Bing Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Bioequivalence Research of Generic Drug Evaluation, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guo Feng
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Guo Feng, ; Xie-an Yu,
| | - Zhirong Zhou
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Hongmei Su
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Tiejie Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Bioequivalence Research of Generic Drug Evaluation, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xie-an Yu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Bioequivalence Research of Generic Drug Evaluation, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Guo Feng, ; Xie-an Yu,
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Strittmatter N, Richards FM, Race AM, Ling S, Sutton D, Nilsson A, Wallez Y, Barnes J, Maglennon G, Gopinathan A, Brais R, Wong E, Serra MP, Atkinson J, Smith A, Wilson J, Hamm G, Johnson TI, Dunlop CR, Kaistha BP, Bunch J, Sansom OJ, Takats Z, Andrén PE, Lau A, Barry ST, Goodwin RJA, Jodrell DI. Method To Visualize the Intratumor Distribution and Impact of Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma by Multimodal Imaging. Anal Chem 2022; 94:1795-1803. [PMID: 35005896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Gemcitabine (dFdC) is a common treatment for pancreatic cancer; however, it is thought that treatment may fail because tumor stroma prevents drug distribution to tumor cells. Gemcitabine is a pro-drug with active metabolites generated intracellularly; therefore, visualizing the distribution of parent drug as well as its metabolites is important. A multimodal imaging approach was developed using spatially coregistered mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), imaging mass cytometry (IMC), multiplex immunofluorescence microscopy (mIF), and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining to assess the local distribution and metabolism of gemcitabine in tumors from a genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic cancer (KPC) allowing for comparisons between effects in the tumor tissue and its microenvironment. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) enabled the visualization of the distribution of gemcitabine (100 mg/kg), its phosphorylated metabolites dFdCMP, dFdCDP and dFdCTP, and the inactive metabolite dFdU. Distribution was compared to small-molecule ATR inhibitor AZD6738 (25 mg/kg), which was codosed. Gemcitabine metabolites showed heterogeneous distribution within the tumor, which was different from the parent compound. The highest abundance of dFdCMP, dFdCDP, and dFdCTP correlated with distribution of endogenous AMP, ADP, and ATP in viable tumor cell regions, showing that gemcitabine active metabolites are reaching the tumor cell compartment, while AZD6738 was located to nonviable tumor regions. The method revealed that the generation of active, phosphorylated dFdC metabolites as well as treatment-induced DNA damage primarily correlated with sites of high proliferation in KPC PDAC tumor tissue, rather than sites of high parent drug abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Strittmatter
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Frances M Richards
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, U.K
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, Astra Zeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Alan M Race
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Philipps University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Ling
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Sutton
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Nilsson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Medical Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Uppsala University, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Spatial Mass Spectrometry, Uppsala University, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yann Wallez
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, U.K
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Barnes
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Maglennon
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Aarthi Gopinathan
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, U.K
| | - Rebecca Brais
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Edmond Wong
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB12 6GH, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Paola Serra
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - James Atkinson
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron Smith
- DMPK, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne Wilson
- DMPK, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory Hamm
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy I Johnson
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, U.K
| | - Charles R Dunlop
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, U.K
| | - Brajesh P Kaistha
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, U.K
- Clinical IO group, Early Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB12 6GH, United Kingdom
| | - Josephine Bunch
- National Centre of Excellence in Mass Spectrometry Imaging, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Didcot OX11 0QS, United Kingdom
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Zoltan Takats
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Didcot OX11 0QS, United Kingdom
| | - Per E Andrén
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Medical Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Uppsala University, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Spatial Mass Spectrometry, Uppsala University, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alan Lau
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Simon T Barry
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J A Goodwin
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan I Jodrell
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, U.K
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, United Kingdom
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Jo H, Yagishita S, Hayashi Y, Ryu S, Suzuki M, Kohsaka S, Ueno T, Matsumoto Y, Horinouchi H, Ohe Y, Watanabe SI, Motoi N, Yatabe Y, Mano H, Takahashi K, Hamada A. Comparative study on the efficacy and exposure of molecular target agents in non-small cell lung cancer PDX models with driver genetic alterations. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 21:359-370. [PMID: 34911818 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) can adequately reflect clinical drug efficacy. However, the methods for evaluating drug efficacy are not fully established. We selected five non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) PDXs with genetic alterations from established PDXs and the corresponding molecular targeted therapy was administered orally for 21 consecutive days. Genetic analysis, measurement of drug concentrations in blood and tumors using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry, and analysis of drug distribution in tumors using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry were performed. Fifteen (20%) PDXs were established using samples collected from 76 NSCLC patients with genetic alterations. The genetic alterations observed in original patients were largely maintained in PDXs. We compared the drug efficacy in original patients and PDX models; the efficacies against certain PDXs correlated with the clinical effects, while those against the others did not. We determined blood and intratumor concentrations in the PDX model, but both concentrations were low, and no evident correlation with the drug efficacy could be observed. The intratumoral spatial distribution of the drugs was both homogeneous and heterogeneous for each drug, and the distribution was independent of the expression of the target protein. The evaluation of drug efficacy in PDXs enabled partial reproduction of the therapeutic effect in original patients. A more detailed analysis of systemic and intratumoral pharmacokinetics may help clarify the mode of action of drugs. Further development of evaluation methods and indices to improve the prediction accuracy of clinical efficacy is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Jo
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Shigehiro Yagishita
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Yoshiharu Hayashi
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Shoraku Ryu
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Mikiko Suzuki
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Shinji Kohsaka
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Toshihide Ueno
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute
| | | | | | - Yuichiro Ohe
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital
| | | | - Noriko Motoi
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital
| | - Yasushi Yatabe
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital
| | | | | | - Akinobu Hamada
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Center Research Institute
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Sood A, Gupta A, Agrawal G. Recent advances in polysaccharides based biomaterials for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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7
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Seeley EH. Perspective on Mass Spectrometry Imaging for In Situ Visualization of Chemotherapeutics Delivered via Nanoparticle Encapsulation. Clin Chem 2021; 67:1172-1174. [PMID: 34470035 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvab044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin H Seeley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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