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Belcher T, Coutte L, Debrie AS, Sencio V, Trottein F, Locht C, Cauchi S. Pertussis toxin-dependent and -independent protection by Bordetella pertussis against influenza. Microbes Infect 2024:105404. [PMID: 39128538 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial-viral co-infections are frequent, but their reciprocal effects are not well understood. Here, we examined the effect Bordetella pertussis infection and the role of pertussis toxin (PT) on influenza A virus (IAV) infection and disease. In C57BL/6J mice, prior nasal administration of virulent B. pertussis BPSM and PT-deficient BPRA provided effective and sustained protection from IAV-induced mortality. However, BPSM or BPRA administered together with purified PT (BPRA + PT) had a stronger protective effect on weight loss compared to BPRA alone, reduced the viral load, and induced IL-17A in the lungs. In IL-17-/- mice, BPSM- and BPRA + PT-mediated protection against viral replication was abolished, while BPSM, BPRA and BPRA + PT provided similar levels of protection against IAV-induced mortality and weight loss. In conclusion, B. pertussis infection protects against influenza by two mechanisms: one reducing viral replication depending on PT and IL-17, and the other, independently of PT and IL-17, resulting in protection against influenza disease without reducing the viral load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Belcher
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL-Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Loïc Coutte
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL-Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Debrie
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL-Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Valentin Sencio
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL-Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - François Trottein
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL-Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Camille Locht
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL-Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Stephane Cauchi
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL-Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Chih-Cheng Lai, Hsueh CC, Hsu CK, Tsai YW, Hsueh PR. Disease burden and macrolide resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in adults in the Asia-Pacific region. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 64:107205. [PMID: 38754527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the Asia-Pacific region, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) could be a notable pathogen responsible for adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), with varying prevalence rates. This comprehensive review aimed to explore the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, macrolide resistance, and molecular characteristics of MP in adults across several countries in Asia. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant articles from 2010-2023 based on the following keywords: adult and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. RESULTS The prevalence of MP in CAP patients in these countries ranged from 2.1% in Korea to 25.5% in Japan. Macrolide resistance was prominent, particularly in China, with rates ranging 26.9-100%. Clinical manifestations of MP infection included protean extrapulmonary manifestations, and complications such as rhabdomyolysis and thrombocytopenia. Molecular characteristics, especially the multiple locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis type 4/5/7/2, remained predominant across various countries, emphasising the importance of ongoing surveillance. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights the urgent need for continued monitoring of MP infections, macrolide resistance, and molecular characteristics to inform effective prevention and treatment strategies in the Asia-Pacific region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Cheng Lai
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chung Hsueh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kuei Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Tsai
- Center for Integrative Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ren Hsueh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Cimolai N. Pharmacotherapy for Bordetella pertussis infection. II. A synthesis of clinical sciences. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020; 57:106257. [PMID: 33310117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the plethora of studies that have examined laboratory susceptibility testing for Bordetella pertussis, assessments of treatment have lagged far behind both in quality and quantity. Macrolides and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole historically served the needs of both treatment and prevention, albeit there is still controversy about the degree of protection measured both bacteriologically and clinically. As high-level macrolide resistance has emerged in some geographic regions and since macrolides have been the mainstay of therapy, alternative antibiotics need to be defined for pertussis. In vitro susceptibility testing suggests the potential for several alternatives to macrolides, including trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, specific β-lactam agents, chloramphenicol, some quinolones and possibly some tetracyclines. For the latter antibiotics, more clinical studies for treatment and prophylaxis are required in to order to establish bacteriological-clinical correlates for outcome. In the interim, if the clinical circumstances mandate the use of proposed interim alternatives to macrolides, outcomes should be assessed with test of cure by culture, since genetic amplification technologies do not discriminate bacterial viability. Whereas there may be debate in regard to using placebo or macrolides as the controls for alternative antibiotic therapy in geographies where most B. pertussis isolates are antibiotic-susceptible, both placebo and macrolide controls should be assessed along with alternative antibiotics in well-designed controlled studies in regions pressured by macrolide resistance. Outcomes of clinical response and epidemiological patterns of disease should continue to be monitored given the degree of macrolide resistance that is emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevio Cimolai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H3V4, Canada.
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