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Zhou C, Fu W, Wei X, Zhang Z, Wang B, Fang X. Association between early-life mosquito repellents exposure and ADHD-like behaviours. J Public Health (Oxf) 2024:fdae076. [PMID: 38841748 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited research has explored the impact of mosquito repellents exposure during early life on ADHD symptoms. This study aimed to explore the associations of exposure to mosquito repellents from pregnancy to 3 years old and the prevalence of ADHD-like behaviours among children aged 3-9 years, and further identify the sensitive exposure period. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 12 275 children in Hefei City, China. Exposure was self-reported via primary caregivers. ADHD-like behaviours were measured by the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham, version IV scale (SNAP-IV), and Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS). Cross-over analysis, binary logistic regression and linear regression were employed. RESULTS After adjusting for confounding variables, early-life exposure to mosquito repellents was associated with a higher risk of ADHD-like behaviours (OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.49-2.19). By comparing the strength of the association for each subgroup, we found exposure during 1-3 years old was a sensitive period (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.25-2.87) by the cross-over analysis. Furthermore, we found a dose-response relationship in which the likelihood of ADHD-like behaviours increased with children's early-life mosquito repellents exposure dose. CONCLUSIONS Early-life exposure to mosquito repellents is linked with an elevated risk of ADHD-like behaviours in children, with a sensitive period identified during 1-3 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Weiwen Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xinyu Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zixing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xinyu Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
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Oh J, Schweitzer JB, Buckley JP, Upadhyaya S, Kannan K, Herbstman JB, Ghassabian A, Schmidt RJ, Hertz-Picciotto I, Bennett DH. Early childhood exposures to phthalates in association with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder behaviors in middle childhood and adolescence in the ReCHARGE study. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 259:114377. [PMID: 38692176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-life exposure to phthalates alters behaviors in animals. However, epidemiological evidence on childhood phthalate exposure and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) behaviors is limited. METHODS This study included 243 children from the ReCHARGE (Revisiting Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and Environment) study, who were previously classified as having autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental delay, other early concerns, and typical development in the CHARGE case-control study. Twenty phthalate metabolites were measured in spot urine samples collected from children aged 2-5 years. Parents reported on children's ADHD symptoms at ages 8-18 years using Conners-3 Parent Rating Scale. Covariate-adjusted negative binomial generalized linear models were used to investigate associations between individual phthalate metabolite concentrations and raw scores. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression with repeated holdout validation was used to examine mixture effects of phthalate metabolites on behavioral scores. Effect modification by child sex was evaluated. RESULTS Among 12 phthalate metabolites detected in >75% of the samples, higher mono-2-heptyl phthalate (MHPP) was associated with higher scores on Inattentive (β per doubling = 0.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02, 0.08) and Hyperactive/Impulsive scales (β = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.07), especially among children with ASD. Higher mono-carboxy isooctyl phthalate (MCiOP) was associated with higher Hyperactivity/Impulsivity scores (β = 0.07, 95% CI: -0.01, 0.15), especially among typically developing children. The associations of the molar sum of high molecular weight (HMW) phthalate metabolites and a phthalate metabolite mixture with Hyperactivity/Impulsivity scores were modified by sex, showing more pronounced adverse associations among females. CONCLUSION Exposure to phthalates during early childhood may impact ADHD behaviors in middle childhood and adolescence, particularly among females. Although our findings may not be broadly generalizable due to the diverse diagnostic profiles within our study population, our robust findings on sex-specific associations warrant further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Oh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Julie B Schweitzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA; UC Davis MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Jessie P Buckley
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sudhi Upadhyaya
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Julie B Herbstman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Akhgar Ghassabian
- Department of Pediatrics and Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca J Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA; UC Davis MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA; UC Davis MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Deborah H Bennett
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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Sánchez RM, Bermeo Losada JF, Marín Martínez JA. The research landscape concerning environmental factors in neurodevelopmental disorders: Endocrine disrupters and pesticides-A review. Front Neuroendocrinol 2024; 73:101132. [PMID: 38561126 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2024.101132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, environmental epidemiology and toxicology have seen a growing interest in the environmental factors that contribute to the increased prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders, with the purpose of establishing appropriate prevention strategies. A literature review was performed, and 192 articles covering the topic of endocrine disruptors and neurodevelopmental disorders were found, focusing on polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, bisphenol A, and pesticides. This study contributes to analyzing their effect on the molecular mechanism in maternal and infant thyroid function, essential for infant neurodevelopment, and whose alteration has been associated with various neurodevelopmental disorders. The results provide scientific evidence of the association that exists between the environmental neurotoxins and various neurodevelopmental disorders. In addition, other possible molecular mechanisms by which pesticides and endocrine disruptors may be associated with neurodevelopmental disorders are being discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Mira Sánchez
- Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Instituto de Ciencias Medioambientales y Neurodesarrollo ICMYN, Murcia, Spain.
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Marchese MJ, Zhu T, Hawkey AB, Wang K, Yuan E, Wen J, Be SE, Levin ED, Feng L. Prenatal and perinatal exposure to Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)-contaminated drinking water impacts offspring neurobehavior and development. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170459. [PMID: 38290673 PMCID: PMC10923173 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent organic pollutants ubiquitous in the environment and humans. In-utero PFAS exposure is associated with numerous adverse health impacts. However, little is known about how prenatal PFAS mixture exposure affects offspring's neurobehavioral function. This study aims to determine the causal relationship between in-utero PFAS mixture exposure and neurobehavioral changes in Sprague-Dawley rat offspring. Dams were exposed via drinking water to the vehicle (control), an environmentally relevant PFAS mixture, or a high-dose PFAS mixture. The environmentally relevant mixture was formulated to resemble measured tap water levels in Pittsboro, NC, USA (10 PFAS compounds; sum PFAS =758.6 ng/L). The high-dose PFAS load was 3.8 mg/L (5000×), within the range of exposures in the experimental literature. Exposure occurred seven days before mating until birth. Following exposure to PFAS-laden water or the vehicle during fetal development, neurobehavioral toxicity was assessed in male and female offspring with a battery of motor, cognitive, and affective function tests as juveniles, adolescents, and adults. Just before weaning, the environmentally relevant exposure group had smaller anogenital distances compared to the vehicle and high-dose groups on day 17, and males in the environmentally relevant exposure group demonstrated lower weights than the high-dose group on day 21 (p < 0.05). Reflex development delays were seen in negative geotaxis acquisition for both exposure groups compared to vehicle-exposed controls (p = 0.009). Our post-weaning behavioral measures of anxiety, depression, and memory were not found to be affected by maternal PFAS exposure. In adolescence (week five) and adulthood (week eight), the high PFAS dose significantly attenuated typical sex differences in locomotor activity. Maternal exposure to an environmentally relevant PFAS mixture produced developmental delays in the domains of pup weight, anogenital distance, and reflex acquisition for rat offspring. The high-dose PFAS exposure significantly decreased typical sex differences in locomotor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tianyi Zhu
- Duke University Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Andrew B Hawkey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | | | - Emi Yuan
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Edward D Levin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Liping Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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Lukovac T, Hil OA, Popović M, Savić T, Pavlović AM, Pavlović D. Serum levels of glucose, thyroid stimulating hormone, and free thyroxine in boys diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a cross-sectional pilot study. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:76. [PMID: 38408935 PMCID: PMC10895737 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03563-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder, its aetiology remains unclear. We aimed to establish a relationship between ADHD diagnosis and serum levels of glucose, free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in primary school aged boys. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, we enrolled 133 participants aged 6.5-12.5 years, 67 of whom met DSM-5 criteria for ADHD and 66 healthy age-matched boys. The ADHDT test (ADHDT) was used to assess ADHD symptoms and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Revised was used to exclude participants with cognitive deficits. The ADHD participants were tested using the Iowa Conners' Teacher Rating Scale. RESULTS The ADHD participants had lower glucose levels, higher TSH values, and significantly lower FT4 values than the control group. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that TSH is a parameter that is 2.7% more likely to occur in the ADHD group. We found a significant correlation between the TSH level and the symptoms of hyperactivity (r = 0.318, p = 0.009) and impulsivity (r = 0.275, p = 0.024) as well as between the glucose level and the symptoms of hyperactivity (r = 0.312, p = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS Certain ADHD symptoms may correlate with certain hormonal patterns. Our results suggest that the likelihood of suffering from ADHD was lower when FT4 levels were elevated. One biochemical parameter that was significantly and independently associated with the diagnosis of ADHD was the serum TSH level. TRIAL REGISTRATION On June 26, 2018, at its VI session in 2018, the Ethics Committee of the Institute for Mental Health in Belgrade, Serbia, has considered and unanimously approved the conduct of the research, under the number 1704/1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Lukovac
- Center for Speech and Language Pathology Higia Logos, Mirijevski Bulevar 17 b, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
| | | | - Milka Popović
- Beo-Lab Laboratories, Resavska 58-60, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Savić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Despot Stefan Boulevard, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra M Pavlović
- Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Visokog Stevana 2, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Dragan Pavlović
- Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Visokog Stevana 2, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
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Alatalo A, de Sousa Maciel I, Kucháriková N, Chew S, van Kamp I, Foraster M, Julvez J, Kanninen KM. The Interaction between Circulating Cell-Free Mitochondrial DNA and Inflammatory Cytokines in Predicting Human Mental Health Issue Risk in Adolescents: An Explorative Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030818. [PMID: 36979797 PMCID: PMC10045177 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is often a challenging time in which psychiatric issues have a strong connection to mental health disorders later in life. The early identification of the problems can reduce the burden of disease. To date, the effective identification of adolescents at risk of developing mental health problems remains understudied. Altogether, the interaction between circulating cell-free mtDNA (ccf-mtDNA) and inflammatory cytokines in adolescents is insufficiently understood regarding experienced mental health difficulties. Our study selected the participants based on the Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ) score using the cut-off points of 3 and 18 for the low and the high score groups, respectively. The answers of the SDQ at the age of 12.2-15.7 years contributed to the investigation of (i) whether ccf-mtDNA units are associated with cytokines, and (ii) if an interaction model for predicting risk of mental health issues is observed. We discovered a sex-specific correlation between the screened markers associated with mental health problems in the low and high SDQ score groups among the male participants and in the low SDQ score group among the female participants. The mitochondrial MT-ND4 and MT-CO1 genes correlated significantly with interleukin-12p70 (IL-12p70) in males and with monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in females. Due to the nature of the explorative study, the studied markers alone did not indicate statistical significance for the prediction of mental health problems. Our analysis provided new insight into potential plasma-based biomarkers to predict mental health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arto Alatalo
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Izaque de Sousa Maciel
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nina Kucháriková
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sweelin Chew
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Irene van Kamp
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Foraster
- ISGlobal, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08005 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEREsp), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- PHAGEX Research Group, Blanquerna School of Health Science, Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Julvez
- ISGlobal, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical and Epidemiological Neuroscience Group (NeuroÈpia), Institut d' Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007 Reus, Spain
| | - Katja M Kanninen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Chen G, Gao W, Xu Y, Chen H, Cai H. Serum TSH Levels are Associated with Hyperactivity Behaviors in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:557-564. [PMID: 36915908 PMCID: PMC10007977 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s402530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous studies indicated that maternal thyroid dysfunction increase the offspring's risk for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the relationship between thyroid function and symptoms in children with ADHD remains unclear. Methods A total of 49 children with ADHD were enrolled. The Conners 3 scale was used to estimate the symptoms associated with ADHD. Correlation between thyroid hormones and the scores of the Conners 3 scale was evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis. Then, ADHD children were divided into two groups according to the hyperactivity index (HI) of the Conners 3 scale: ADHD children with hyperactivity behaviors (HB) (HI > 1.5) and ADHD children without HB (HI < 1.5). The demographic characteristics, thyroid hormones, and routine laboratory parameters between the two groups were collected. To distinguish HI-related factors, a univariate analysis and a binary logistic regression predictive model were used. The discriminative ability of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in predicting ADHD children with HB from ADHD children without HB was investigated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve method. Results The levels of TSH were positively correlated to the scores of the Conners 3 scale (r = 0.338, P = 0.033) and HI (r = 0.371, P = 0.019). Moreover, the levels of TSH, serum ferritin, and lactic acid were significantly increased in ADHD children with HB compared to ADHD children without HB (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, the results of binary logistic regression found that TSH (OR 2.243 (CL 1.052-4.783)) and lactic acid (OR 1.018 (CI 1.003-1.032)) were independently associated with HI. Additionally, ROC analysis indicated the potential diagnostic value of TSH in discriminating ADHD children with HB from ADHD children without HB with an AUC of 0.684. Conclusion These results suggested that the serum TSH levels may be related to the HB in children with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanru Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfan Gao
- Psychopharmacology Research Laboratory, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yayun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiying Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Heping Cai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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Tillaut H, Monfort C, Giton F, Warembourg C, Rouget F, Cordier S, Lainé F, Gaudreau E, Garlantézec R, Saint-Amour D, Chevrier C. Persistent Organic Pollutant Exposure and Thyroid Function among 12-Year-Old Children. Neuroendocrinology 2022; 113:1232-1247. [PMID: 36502793 PMCID: PMC10906475 DOI: 10.1159/000528631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) having numerous toxicological properties, including thyroid endocrine disruption. Our aim was to assess the impact of POPs on thyroid hormones among 12-year-old children, while taking puberty into consideration. METHODS Exposure to 7 PCBs, 4 OCPs, and 6 PFASs (in µg/L), and free tri-iodothyronine (fT3, pg/mL), free thyroxine (fT4, ng/dL), and thyroid-stimulating hormones (TSH, mIU/L) were assessed through blood-serum measurements at age 12 years in 249 boys and 227 girls of the PELAGIE mother-child cohort (France). Pubertal status was clinically rated using the Tanner stages. For each POP, associations were estimated using linear regression, adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS Among boys, hexachlorobenzene and perfluorodecanoic acid were associated with decreased fT3 (log-scale; β [95% confidence interval] = -0.07 [-0.12,-0.02] and β = -0.03 [-0.06,-0.00], respectively). Intermediate levels of perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) and PCB180 were associated, respectively, with increased and decreased fT4. After stratification on pubertal status, PCBs and OCPs were associated with decreased TSH only in the more advanced Tanner stages (3-5) and with decreased fT3 among early Tanner stages (1-2). Among girls, PFHxS was associated with decreased TSH (log-scale; β = -0.15 [-0.29,-0.00]), and perfluorooctanoic acid was associated with decreased fT3 (β2nd_tercile = -0.06 [-0.10,-0.03] and β3rd_tercile = -0.04 [-0.08,-0.00], versus. 1st tercile). DISCUSSION This cross-sectional study highlights associations between some POPs and thyroid function disruption, which appears consistent with the literature. Considering that the associations were sex-specific and moderated by pubertal status in boys, complex endocrine interactions are likely involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Tillaut
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Christine Monfort
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Frank Giton
- AP-HP, Pôle Biologie-Pathologie Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
- Inserm IMRB, Faculté de Santé, Créteil, France
| | - Charline Warembourg
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Florence Rouget
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Sylvaine Cordier
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | | | - Eric Gaudreau
- Centre de Toxicologie du Québec (CTQ), Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ), Quebec, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Dave Saint-Amour
- Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Cécile Chevrier
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France,
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Liu X, Zhang G. Functional urination or defecation disorders may be warning signs of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children in rural China. J Affect Disord 2022; 316:63-70. [PMID: 35981625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its association with functional urination and defecation disorders among children in rural China. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with children aged 6-18 in rural schools in southwest China using a survey questionnaire. The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Questionnaire-IV (SNAP-IV) was used to measure ADHD symptoms, and standardized questions about urination and defecation were used to measure lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and functional defecation disorders (FDDs). The association of ADHD with LUTS and FDDs was analyzed by matched logistic regression after propensity score matching was performed to minimize the influence of potential confounders, including demographic characteristics. RESULTS A total of 17,279 participants were included in the analyses. The prevalence of ADHD was 2 % mainly among boys before age 12, after which it showed a decreasing trend with age, resulting in a concomitant reduction in gender differences. The risk of ADHD was positively associated with the presence of enuresis, holding maneuvers, intermittency, and encopresis, with encopresis having the strongest association (P = 0.001). The presence of holding maneuvers, intermittency, excessive volitional stool retention, and encopresis were associated with a higher risk of ADHD at 6-15 years-old, with intermittency exhibiting an increasingly positive association with ADHD risk across ages 6-15. CONCLUSIONS ADHD was associated with LUTS and FDDs, which highlights that functional urination and/or defecation disorders could serve as warning signs for ADHD that should trigger screening, especially in relatively backward regions with little ADHD awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Liu
- Department of Neurology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Gaofu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China.
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Cabrera Lagunes A, Díaz-Anzaldúa A, Rojas Andrade G, Peschard VG, Arias Caballero A, Gaspar-Barba CE, Yunes Jimenez A, De la Peña Olvera FR, Cruz Fuentes CS, Feria-Aranda M, Sosa Mora L, Pérez Molina A, Guizar Sanchez D, Palacios-Cruz L. Association between CLOCK gene polymorphisms and ADHD in Mexican teenagers: A comprehensive assessment. Psychiatry Res 2022; 317:114835. [PMID: 36166946 PMCID: PMC10824139 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate markers of the CLOCK gene rs1801260 and rs4864548 in Mexican adolescents, addressing clinical and biological aspects previously associated with ADHD. 347 Mexican adolescents were assessed for mental disorders, metabolic disruption and related conditions, circadian preference, as well as genotyping for the CLOCK. We found a significant association between ADHD and the AA and AG genotypes of rs1801260. Also, we identified in the ADHD group that the total Triiodothyronine and total Thyroxine values were respectively 10 ng/dl units and 0.58 ug/dl units lower in females than in males. Previously reported common variations of the CLOCK gene have been associated with ADHD like the Rs1801260 polymorphism hereby we could consider it as risk factor, but genetic, biochemical and clinical studies in the Mexican population are entailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Cabrera Lagunes
- Comprehensive Wellbeing Program, Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Adriana Díaz-Anzaldúa
- Department of Genetics, Sub-division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Rojas Andrade
- Department of Genetics, Sub-division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Vanessa-Giselle Peschard
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of California, San Francisco 941130, United States
| | - Adriana Arias Caballero
- Comprehensive Wellbeing Program, Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - César Enrique Gaspar-Barba
- Comprehensive Wellbeing Program, Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Arlette Yunes Jimenez
- Comprehensive Wellbeing Program, Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; Eating Disorders Clinic, Instituto Prado S.C., Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Francisco Rafael De la Peña Olvera
- Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; Unit of Research Promotion, Direction of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Carlos Sabas Cruz Fuentes
- Department of Genetics, Sub-division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Miriam Feria-Aranda
- Comprehensive Wellbeing Program, Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Liz Sosa Mora
- Comprehensive Wellbeing Program, Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Armando Pérez Molina
- Department of Genetics, Sub-division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Diana Guizar Sanchez
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Learning Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Lino Palacios-Cruz
- Comprehensive Wellbeing Program, Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Sub-division of Clinical Research, Division of Neurosciences, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico.
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11
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Heidari MM, Madani Manshadi SA, Eshghi AR, Talebi F, Khatami M, Bragança J, Ordooei M, Chamani R, Ghasemi F. Mutational and bioinformatics analysis of the NKX2.1 gene in a cohort of Iranian pediatric patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Physiol Int 2022; 109:261-277. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1556/2060.2022.00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) occurs with a relatively alarming prevalence in infants, and if not diagnosed and treated in time, it can have devastating consequences for the development of the nervous system. CH is associated with genetic changes in several genes that encode transcription factors responsible for thyroid development, including mutations in the NK2 homeobox 1 (NKX2.1) gene, which encodes the thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1). Although CH is frequently observed in pediatric populations, there is still a limited understanding of the genetic factors and molecular mechanisms contributing to this disease. The sequence of the NKX2.1 gene was investigated in 75 pediatric patients with CH by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP), and direct DNA sequencing. Four missense heterozygous variations were identified in exon 3 of the NKX2.1 gene, including three novel missense variations, namely c.708A>G, p.Gln202Arg; c.713T>G, p.Tyr204Asp; c.833T>G, p.Tyr244Asp, and a previously reported variant rs781133468 (c.772C>G, p.His223Gln). Importantly, these variations occur in highly conserved residues of the TTF-1 DNA-binding domain and were predicted by bioinformatics analysis to alter the protein structure, with a probable alteration in the protein function. These results indicate that nucleotide changes in the NKX2.1 gene may contribute to CH pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - José Bragança
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Algarve Biomedical Centre Research Institute, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Mahtab Ordooei
- Department of Pediatrics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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12
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Heidari MM, Madani Manshadi SA, Eshghi AR, Talebi F, Khatami M, Bragança J, Ordooei M, Chamani R, Ghasemi F. Mutational and bioinformatics analysis of the NKX2.1 gene in a cohort of Iranian pediatric patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Physiol Int 2022; 109:261-277. [DOI: 10.1556/2060.2022.00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) occurs with a relatively alarming prevalence in infants, and if not diagnosed and treated in time, it can have devastating consequences for the development of the nervous system. CH is associated with genetic changes in several genes that encode transcription factors responsible for thyroid development, including mutations in the NK2 homeobox 1 (NKX2.1) gene, which encodes the thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1). Although CH is frequently observed in pediatric populations, there is still a limited understanding of the genetic factors and molecular mechanisms contributing to this disease. The sequence of the NKX2.1 gene was investigated in 75 pediatric patients with CH by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP), and direct DNA sequencing. Four missense heterozygous variations were identified in exon 3 of the NKX2.1 gene, including three novel missense variations, namely c.708A>G, p.Gln202Arg; c.713T>G, p.Tyr204Asp; c.833T>G, p.Tyr244Asp, and a previously reported variant rs781133468 (c.772C>G, p.His223Gln). Importantly, these variations occur in highly conserved residues of the TTF-1 DNA-binding domain and were predicted by bioinformatics analysis to alter the protein structure, with a probable alteration in the protein function. These results indicate that nucleotide changes in the NKX2.1 gene may contribute to CH pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - José Bragança
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Algarve Biomedical Centre Research Institute, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Mahtab Ordooei
- Department of Pediatrics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Wang LJ, Huang YH, Chou WJ, Lee SY, Chang HY, Chen CC, Chao HR. Interrelationships among growth hormone, thyroid function, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals on the susceptibility to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022:10.1007/s00787-021-01886-4. [PMID: 35119524 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01886-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal growth hormones and thyroid function may be linked to pathophysiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Phthalates and bisphenol-A (BPA), two endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), may affect the human endocrine system. In this study, we aimed to perform a comprehensive investigation of whether growth hormone, thyroid function, and EDCs exhibited differential levels between ADHD patients and healthy controls. In total, 144 children with ADHD and 70 healthy control subjects were enrolled. Their endocrine systems were evaluated using the serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and Free T4. The urinary levels of EDCs, including monoethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-methyl phthalate (MMP), monoethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), and BPA, were also examined. Patients with ADHD had lower IGF-1 levels than healthy controls (p = 0.003), but we observed no significant difference in IGFBP-3, TSH, T3, T4, or Free T4. Compared to the control group, patients with ADHD demonstrated higher MEHP levels (p = 0.043), MnBP (p = 0.033), and MBzP (p = 0.040). Furthermore, MEHP levels (p < 0.001) and BPA levels (p = 0.041) were negatively correlated with IGF-1 levels, while IGF-1 levels were negatively correlated with principal components consisting of ADHD clinical symptoms and neuropsychological performance variables. We suggest that MEHP exposure may be associated with decreased serum levels of IGF-1 and increased risk of ADHD. The mechanism underlying this association may be important for protecting children from environmental chemicals that adversely affect neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Hua Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jiun Chou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - How-Ran Chao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung County, 912, Taiwan.,Institute of Food Safety Management, College of Agriculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung County, 912, Taiwan.,Emerging Compounds Research Center, General Research Service Center, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung County, 912, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
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