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Mauro M, Vazzana M, Ceraulo M, de Vita C, di Fiore V, Giacalone VM, Grammauta R, Lazzara V, Papale E, Vizzini A, Buscaino G. Effects of seismic water guns on the peristomial membrane of sea urchins (Arbacia lixula, Linnaeus 1758). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 207:116892. [PMID: 39232412 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
The seismic water gun is widely used and plays an important role in seabed imaging acquisition; however, acoustic impacts on marine organisms are currently poorly understood. The aim of this study was to analyse the biochemical responses on the peristomial membrane (PM) of the sea urchin, Arbacia lixula, when exposed to water gun shots in open water. The PM (located around the mouth) is involved in vital functions, such as nutrition and protection. Individuals of sea urchins (n = 7 for each time slot) were sampled before, at the end, and at intervals of 3 h and 24 h after acoustic emission (duration of 20 min). Significant increases in superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, esterase and alkaline were observed immediately after water gun shots, highlighting an increase in the oxidative and inflammatory state of the tissue. Our results showed that acoustic impacts could interfere with PM vital functions, compromising the health, survival and ultimately the conservation of the species. Understanding these effects is crucial to predicting consequences on sea urchin populations and marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mauro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi, 18, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - M Vazzana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi, 18, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - M Ceraulo
- Institute of Anthropic Impact and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), National Research Council (CNR), UOS Torretta Granitola (TP) Campobello di Mazara, Trapani 91021, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy.
| | - C de Vita
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi, 18, 90123 Palermo, Italy; Institute of Anthropic Impact and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), National Research Council (CNR), UOS Torretta Granitola (TP) Campobello di Mazara, Trapani 91021, Italy
| | - V di Fiore
- Institute of Heritage Science, National Research Council (CNR), Via Cardinale Guglielmo Sanfelice 8, 80134 Napoli (NA), Italy
| | - V M Giacalone
- Institute of Anthropic Impact and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), National Research Council (CNR), UOS Torretta Granitola (TP) Campobello di Mazara, Trapani 91021, Italy
| | - R Grammauta
- Institute of Anthropic Impact and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), National Research Council (CNR), UOS Torretta Granitola (TP) Campobello di Mazara, Trapani 91021, Italy
| | - V Lazzara
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi, 18, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - E Papale
- Institute of Anthropic Impact and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), National Research Council (CNR), UOS Torretta Granitola (TP) Campobello di Mazara, Trapani 91021, Italy
| | - A Vizzini
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi, 18, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - G Buscaino
- Institute of Anthropic Impact and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), National Research Council (CNR), UOS Torretta Granitola (TP) Campobello di Mazara, Trapani 91021, Italy
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Papale E, Pelagatti M, Pedrazzi G, Buscaino G. Occurrence and patterns of fin whale songs reveal alternative migration strategies in Svalbard Islands, Norway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4436. [PMID: 36932235 PMCID: PMC10023778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31665-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The Arctic marine environment is highly affected by global warming with notable changes in habitat conditions, which have great consequences on migrating species. For example, the timing of their migration can be altered leading to changes in their occurrence in suitable areas, which are critical for their survival. In this study, seven years of acoustic data were analysed in Svalbard Islands from 2014 to 2020, revealing that the occurrence of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) happened all year-round. The sea surface temperature recorded reveals conditions which could be favorable for these species to persist until the Polar Night. The occurrence of songs indicated that certain individuals did not undertake the migratory journey through the southern breeding grounds, possibly using the area for mating purposes. The analyses of the Inter-Note-Interval (INI) demonstrated that over the years songs with different patterns were found. This suggests that either the fin whales are able to switch their INI patterns or that populations with different INIs are visiting during the Winter. Therefore, this study unveils the undertaking of an alternative strategy to migration movements, and the possible potential origin of the fin whales overwintering in Svalbard.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Papale
- Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), Unit of Capo Granitola, National Research Council, Via del Mare 3, 91021, Torretta Granitola, TP, Italy.
- Department of Life Sciences and System Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Turin, Italy.
| | - M Pelagatti
- Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), Unit of Capo Granitola, National Research Council, Via del Mare 3, 91021, Torretta Granitola, TP, Italy
| | - G Pedrazzi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - G Buscaino
- Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), Unit of Capo Granitola, National Research Council, Via del Mare 3, 91021, Torretta Granitola, TP, Italy
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Richard G, Mathias D, Collin J, Chauvaud L, Bonnel J. Three-dimensional anthropogenic underwater noise modeling in an Arctic fjord for acoustic risk assessment. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 187:114487. [PMID: 36584437 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sea-ice covering is drastically declining in the Arctic, opening new maritime routes and thus introducing underwater noise pollution in nearly pristine acoustic environments. Evaluating underwater noise pollution requires good acoustic propagation modeling to predict sound exposure levels. However, underwater noise modeling for acoustic risk assessments has often been carried out using simplistic propagation models, which approximate a 3D propagation in several planes (Nx2D), instead of using full 3D propagation models. However, Nx2D propagation models are impractical for winding geography and steep bathymetry as found in Arctic fjords. The purpose of this study is to estimate disturbance and masking effects on Arctic animal species from shipping noises, modeled through a traditional Nx2D BELLHOP model and a full 3D BELLHOP model. Classical Nx2D propagation modeling largely underestimates the anthropogenic noise footprint in Arctic fjords compared to using a full 3D propagation model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Richard
- Société d'Observation Multi-Modale de l'Environnement, 38 rue Jim Sevellec, 29200 Brest, France; Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539 UBO/CNRS/IRD/Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France.
| | - Delphine Mathias
- Société d'Observation Multi-Modale de l'Environnement, 38 rue Jim Sevellec, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Jérémy Collin
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539 UBO/CNRS/IRD/Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Laurent Chauvaud
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539 UBO/CNRS/IRD/Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Julien Bonnel
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering Department, 266 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543-1050, USA
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