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Vijay K, Vavilapalli DS, Arya A, Srivastava SK, Singh R, Sagdeo A, Jha SN, Kumar K, Banik S. Magneto-strain effects in 2D ferromagnetic van der Waal material CrGeTe[Formula: see text]. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8579. [PMID: 37237016 PMCID: PMC10219987 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The idea of strain based manipulation of spins in magnetic two-dimensional (2D) van der Waal (vdW) materials leads to the development of new generation spintronic devices. Magneto-strain arises in these materials due to the thermal fluctuations and magnetic interactions which influences both the lattice dynamics and the electronic bands. Here, we report the mechanism of magneto-strain effects in a vdW material CrGeTe[Formula: see text] across the ferromagnetic (FM) transition. We find an isostructural transition in CrGeTe[Formula: see text] across the FM ordering with first order type lattice modulation. Larger in-plane lattice contraction than out-of-plane give rise to magnetocrystalline anisotropy. The signature of magneto-strain effects in the electronic structure are shift of the bands away from the Fermi level, band broadening and the twinned bands in the FM phase. We find that the in-plane lattice contraction increases the on-site Coulomb correlation ([Formula: see text]) between Cr atoms resulting in the band shift. Out-of-plane lattice contraction enhances the [Formula: see text] hybridization between Cr-Ge and Cr-Te atoms which lead to band broadening and strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in FM phase. The interplay between [Formula: see text] and SOC out-of-plane gives rise to the twinned bands associated with the interlayer interactions while the in-plane interactions gives rise to the 2D spin polarized states in the FM phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Vijay
- Accelerator Physics and Synchrotrons Utilization Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094 India
| | - Durga Sankar Vavilapalli
- Materials Design Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ashok Arya
- Glass and Advanced Materials Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085 India
| | - S. K. Srivastava
- Accelerator Physics and Synchrotrons Utilization Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013 India
| | - Rashmi Singh
- Laser Materials Development and Devices Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013 India
| | - Archna Sagdeo
- Accelerator Physics and Synchrotrons Utilization Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094 India
| | - S. N. Jha
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094 India
- Beamline Development and Application Section, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085 India
| | - Kranti Kumar
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001 India
| | - Soma Banik
- Accelerator Physics and Synchrotrons Utilization Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094 India
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Abstract
Energy recovery linac (ERL) holds great promise for generating high repetition-rate and high brightness electron beams. The application of ERL to drive a free-electron laser is currently limited by its low peak current. In this paper, we consider the combination of ERL with the recently proposed angular-dispersion induced microbunching technique to generate fully coherent radiation pulses with high average brightness and tunable pulse length. Start-to-end simulations have been performed based on a low energy ERL (600 MeV) for generating coherent EUV radiation pulses. The results indicate an average brightness over 1025 phs/s/mm2/mrad2/0.1%BW and average power of about 100 W at 13.5 nm or 20 W with the spectral resolution of about 0.5 meV with the proposed technique. Further extension of the proposed scheme to shorter wavelength based on an ERL complex is also discussed.
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