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Sahoo P, Choudhary P, Laha SS, Dixit A, Mefford OT. Recent advances in zinc ferrite (ZnFe 2O 4) based nanostructures for magnetic hyperthermia applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12065-12090. [PMID: 37740338 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01637d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Spinel ferrite-based magnetic nanomaterials have been investigated for numerous biomedical applications, including targeted drug delivery, magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and biosensors, among others. Recent studies have found that zinc ferrite-based nanomaterials are favorable candidates for cancer theranostics, particularly for magnetic hyperthermia applications. Zinc ferrite exhibits excellent biocompatibility, minimal toxicity, and more importantly, exciting magnetic properties. In addition, these materials demonstrate a Curie temperature much lower than other transition metal ferrites. By regulating synthesis protocols and/or introducing suitable dopants, the Curie temperature of zinc ferrite-based nanosystems can be tailored to the MHT therapeutic window, i.e., 43-46 °C, a range which is highly beneficial for clinical hyperthermia applications. Furthermore, zinc ferrite-based nanostructures have been extensively used in successful pre-clinical trials on mice models focusing on the synergistic killing of cancer cells involving magnetic hyperthermia and chemotherapy. This review provides a systematic and comprehensive understanding of the recent developments of zinc ferrite-based nanomaterials, including doped particles, shape-modified structures, and composites for magnetic hyperthermia applications. In addition, future research prospects involving pure ZnFe2O4 and its derivative nanostructures have also been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyambada Sahoo
- Advanced Materials and Devices (A-MAD) Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Jodhpur, Karwar, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342030, India.
| | - Piyush Choudhary
- Advanced Materials and Devices (A-MAD) Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Jodhpur, Karwar, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342030, India.
| | - Suvra S Laha
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Ambesh Dixit
- Advanced Materials and Devices (A-MAD) Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Jodhpur, Karwar, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342030, India.
| | - O Thompson Mefford
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
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2
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Blachowicz T, Ehrmann A, Wortmann M. Exchange Bias in Nanostructures: An Update. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2418. [PMID: 37686926 PMCID: PMC10489968 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Exchange bias (EB) is a unidirectional anisotropy occurring in exchange-coupled ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic systems, such as thin films, core-shell particles, or nanostructures. In addition to a horizontal shift of the hysteresis loop, defining the exchange bias, asymmetric loops and even vertical shifts can often be found. While the effect is used in hard disk read heads and several spintronics applications, its origin is still not fully understood. Especially in nanostructures with their additional shape anisotropies, interesting and often unexpected effects can occur. Here, we provide an overview of the most recent experimental findings and theoretical models of exchange bias in nanostructures from different materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Blachowicz
- Institute of Physics—Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Konarskiego 22B, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Andrea Ehrmann
- Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Interaktion 1, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Martin Wortmann
- Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany;
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3
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Tsopoe SP, Borgohain C, Kar M, Kumar Panda S, Borah JP. An exhaustive scrutiny to amplify the heating prospects by devising a core@shell nanostructure for constructive magnetic hyperthermia applications. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13669. [PMID: 37608046 PMCID: PMC10444858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39766-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
An interfacial integration at the nanoscale domain through a core@shell (CS) nanostructure has constructively unbarred a wide dimension to researchers on biomedical applications, especially for magnetic fluid hyperthermia. Lately, the interconnection of the exchange bias effect (EBE) through the interface coupling to the magnetic heating efficiency has uttered its utmost prominence for researchers. Here, we delineate the ascendency of the heating ability through a coalescing assembly of mixed ferrite Co0.5Zn0.5 Fe2O4 (CZ) and soft magnetic material Fe3O4 (F), by devising a network of CoZnFe2O4@Fe3O4 (CZF) CS nanostructure. A hefty interface activity with validation of the EBE phenomenon is divulged through magnetic scrutiny for the CS sample. The magnetic nanoparticles heating response to applied magnetic field and frequency is discerned at three distinct fields, where the outcome prevailed to inflated specific loss power for CS CZF in distinction to bare F and CZ samples for all the assessments. Remarkably; a lofty intrinsic loss parameter is also perceived for the CS sample recorded to about 5.36 nHm2 g-1; which is another eccentric outcome that significantly labels the CS CZF sample as a potentially high heating competence agent. This comprehension accords to a finer perspective to meliorate the theranostic environment for hyperthermia applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Tsopoe
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Nagaland, Dimapur, Nagaland, 797103, India
| | - C Borgohain
- Central Instrumentation Facility (CIF), Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, India
| | - Manoranjan Kar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar, 801106, India
| | - Shantanu Kumar Panda
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar, 801106, India
| | - J P Borah
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Nagaland, Dimapur, Nagaland, 797103, India.
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Mehak, Thummer RP, Pandey LM. Surface modified iron-oxide based engineered nanomaterials for hyperthermia therapy of cancer cells. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-47. [PMID: 36710396 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2169370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic hyperthermia is emerging as a promising alternative to the currently available cancer treatment modalities. Superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are extensively studied functional nanomaterials for biomedical applications, owing to their tunable physio-chemical properties and magnetic properties. Out of various ferrite classes, spinel and inverse-spinel ferrites are widely used but are affected by particle size distribution, particle shape, particle-particle interaction, geometry, and crystallinity. Notably, their heating ability makes them suitable candidates for heat-mediated cancer cell ablation or hyperthermia therapy. Exposing SPIONs to an externally applied magnetic field of appropriate frequency and intensity causes them to release heat to ablate cancer cells. Majorly, three heating mechanisms are exhibited by magnetic nanomaterials: Nèel relaxation, Brownian relaxation, and hysteresis losses. In SPIONs, Nèel and Brownian relaxations dominate, whereas hysteric losses are negligible. These nanomaterials possess high magnetization values capable of generating heat to ablate cancer cells. Furthermore, surface functionalization of these materials imparts the ability to selectively target cancer cells and deliver cargo to the affected area sparing the normal body cells. The surface of nanoparticles can be functionalized with various physical, chemical, and biological coatings. Moreover, hyperthermia can be applied in combination with other cancer treatment modalities in order to enhance the efficiency of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehak
- Bio-interface & Environmental Engineering Lab Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Rajkumar P Thummer
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Lalit M Pandey
- Bio-interface & Environmental Engineering Lab Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
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Hyperthermia of Magnetically Soft-Soft Core-Shell Ferrite Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314825. [PMID: 36499152 PMCID: PMC9735482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetically soft-soft MnFe2O4-Fe3O4 core-shell nanoparticles were synthesized through a seed-mediated method using the organometallic decomposition of metal acetyl acetonates. Two sets of core-shell nanoparticles (S1 and S2) of similar core sizes of 5.0 nm and different shell thicknesses (4.1 nm for S1 and 5.7 nm for S2) were obtained by changing the number of nucleating sites. Magnetic measurements were conducted on the nanoparticles at low and room temperatures to study the shell thickness and temperature dependence of the magnetic properties. Interestingly, both core-shell nanoparticles showed similar saturation magnetization, revealing the ineffective role of the shell thickness. In addition, the coercivity in both samples displayed similar temperature dependencies and magnitudes. Signatures of spin glass (SG) like behavior were observed from the field-cooled temperature-dependent magnetization measurements. It was suggested to be due to interface spin freezing. We observed a slight and non-monotonic temperature-dependent exchange bias in both samples with slightly higher values for S2. The effective magnetic anisotropy constant was calculated to be slightly larger in S2 than that in S1. The magnetothermal efficiency of the chitosan-coated nanoparticles was determined by measuring the specific absorption rate (SAR) under an alternating magnetic field (AMF) at 200-350 G field strengths and frequencies (495.25-167.30 kHz). The S2 nanoparticles displayed larger SAR values than the S1 nanoparticles at all field parameters. A maximum SAR value of 356.5 W/g was obtained for S2 at 495.25 kHz and 350 G for the 1 mg/mL nanoparticle concentration of ferrogel. We attributed this behavior to the larger interface SG regions in S2, which mediated the interaction between the core and shell and thus provided indirect exchange coupling between the core and shell phases. The SAR values of the core-shell nanoparticles roughly agreed with the predictions of the linear response theory. The concentration of the nanoparticles was found to affect heat conversion to a great extent. The in vitro treatment of the MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line and HT-29 human colorectal cancer cell was conducted at selected frequencies and field strengths to evaluate the efficiency of the nanoparticles in killing cancer cells. The cellular cytotoxicity was estimated using flow cytometry and an MTT assay at 0 and 24 h after treatment with the AMF. The cells subjected to a 45 min treatment of the AMF (384.50 kHz and 350 G) showed a remarkable decrease in cell viability. The enhanced SAR values of the core-shell nanoparticles compared to the seeds with the most enhancement in S2 is an indication of the potential for tailoring nanoparticle structures and hence their magnetic properties for effective heat generation.
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Joshi R, Shelar SB, Srivastava M, Singh BP, Goel L, Ningthoujam RS. Development of Core@Shell γ-Fe 2O 3@Mn xO y@SiO 2 Nanoparticles for Hyperthermia, Targeting, and Imaging Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:5386-5393. [PMID: 36350576 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Monodispersed core@shell γ-Fe2O3@MnxOy nanoparticles have been prepared through thermolysis of iron and manganese oleate. Further, these prepared nanoparticles are coated with biocompatible substances such as silica and polyethylene glycol. These particles are highly biocompatible for different cell lines such as normal and cancer cell lines. The nanoparticles are used as hyperthermia agents, and successful hyperthermia treatment in cancer cells is carried out. As compared to γ-Fe2O3@SiO2, γ-Fe2O3@MnxOy@SiO2 shows the enhanced killing of cancer cells through hyperthermia. In order to make them potential candidates for targeting to cancer cells, folic acid (FA) is tagged to the nanoparticles. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) is also tagged onto these nanoparticles for imaging. The developed γ-Fe2O3@MnxOy@SiO2 nanoparticle can act as a single entity for therapy through AC magnetic field, imaging through FITC and targeting through folic acid simultaneously. This is the first report on this material, which is highly biocompatible for hyperthermia, imaging, and targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Joshi
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | | | - Manas Srivastava
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Bheeshma Pratap Singh
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.,Department of Physics, School of Science, GITAM, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management, Visakhapatnam 530045, India
| | - Lokesh Goel
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Raghumani Singh Ningthoujam
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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Ni Nanoparticles Stabilized by Hyperbranched Polymer: Does the Architecture of the Polymer Affect the Nanoparticle Characteristics and Their Performance in Catalysis? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213874. [PMID: 36430353 PMCID: PMC9696000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat-up and hot-injection methods were employed to synthesize Ni nanoparticles (NPs) with narrow size distribution in the presence of hyperbranched pyridylphenylene polymer (PPP) as a stabilizing agent. It was shown that depending on the synthetic method, Ni NPs were formed either in a cross-linked polymer network or stabilized by a soluble hyperbranched polymer. Ni NPs were characterized by a combination of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning TEM, thermogravimetric analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and magnetic measurements. The architecture of polymer support was found to significantly effect Ni NPs characteristics and behavior. The Ni NPs demonstrated a high catalytic activity in a model Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. No significant drop in activity was observed upon repeated use after magnetic separation in five consecutive catalytic cycles. We believe that hyperbranched PPP can serve as universal platform for the controllable synthesis of Ni NPs, acting as highly active and stable catalysts.
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da Silva FG, Vasilakaki M, Cabreira Gomes R, Aquino R, Campos AFC, Dubois E, Perzynski R, Depeyrot J, Trohidou K. A numerical study on the interplay between the intra-particle and interparticle characteristics in bimagnetic soft/soft and hard/soft ultrasmall nanoparticle assemblies. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:3777-3785. [PMID: 36133335 PMCID: PMC9470020 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00894c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A mesoscopic scale approach and the Monte Carlo (MC) method have been employed to study the exchange bias behaviour of MnFe2O4 (soft)/maghemite (soft) and CoFe2O4 (hard)/maghemite (soft) nanoparticles (NPs) of size ∼ 3 nm in dense and diluted assemblies at low temperatures. The analysis of our MC results clearly shows that in the powder samples the contribution to the exchange bias field (H ex) and the coercivity (H c) comes mainly from the intraparticle core/shell structure in the hard/soft sample and that the interplay between the internal characteristics and the interparticle interactions is more important in the soft/soft samples where the dipolar strength is enhanced. In the diluted frozen ferrofluid samples where interparticle exchange interactions are absent and the role of the dipolar interactions is not significant the exchange bias effects are reduced, and they come from the intra particle structure. The variation of H ex and H c with the applied cooling field well reproduces the experimental findings and sheds light on the key mechanisms of the observed magnetic behaviour. Our results demonstrate the possibility to control the magnetic behaviour of nanostructures by using properly chosen core/shell bimagnetic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marianna Vasilakaki
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos" Athens 15310 Greece
| | - Rafael Cabreira Gomes
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília Caixa Postal 04455 70919-970 Brasília Brazil
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina 88040-900 Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Renata Aquino
- Laboratory for Environmental and Applied Nanoscience, Faculty UnB - Planaltina, University of Brasília 73345-010 Brasília Brazil
| | - Alex Fabiano Cortez Campos
- Laboratory for Environmental and Applied Nanoscience, Faculty UnB - Planaltina, University of Brasília 73345-010 Brasília Brazil
| | - Emmanuelle Dubois
- Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire PHENIX 4 Place Jussieu, Case 51 75005 Paris France
| | - Régine Perzynski
- Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire PHENIX 4 Place Jussieu, Case 51 75005 Paris France
| | - Jérôme Depeyrot
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília Caixa Postal 04455 70919-970 Brasília Brazil
| | - Kalliopi Trohidou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos" Athens 15310 Greece
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Siqueira ERL, Pinheiro WO, Aquino VRR, Coelho BCP, Bakuzis AF, Azevedo RB, Sousa MH, Morais PC. Engineering Gold Shelled Nanomagnets for Pre-Setting the Operating Temperature for Magnetic Hyperthermia. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:2760. [PMID: 36014626 PMCID: PMC9413094 DOI: 10.3390/nano12162760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the fabrication of spherical gold shelled maghemite nanoparticles for use in magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) assays. A maghemite core (14 ± 3 nm) was used to fabricate two samples with different gold thicknesses, which presented gold (g)/maghemite (m) content ratios of 0.0376 and 0.0752. The samples were tested in MHT assays (temperature versus time) with varying frequencies (100-650 kHz) and field amplitudes (9-25 mT). The asymptotic temperatures (T∞) of the aqueous suspensions (40 mg Fe/mL) were found to be in the range of 59-77 °C (naked maghemite), 44-58 °C (g/m=0.0376) and 33-51 °C (g/m=0.0752). The MHT data revealed that T∞ could be successful controlled using the gold thickness and cover the range for cell apoptosis, thereby providing a new strategy for the safe use of MHT in practice. The highest SAR (specific absorption rate) value was achieved (75 kW/kg) using the thinner gold shell layer (334 kHz, 17 mT) and was roughly twenty times bigger than the best SAR value that has been reported for similar structures. Moreover, the time that was required to achieve T∞ could be modeled by changing the thermal conductivity of the shell layer and/or the shape/size of the structure. The MHT assays were pioneeringly modeled using a derived equation that was analytically identical to the Box-Lucas method (which was reported as phenomenological).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elis Regina Lima Siqueira
- Department of Genetics & Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Willie Oliveira Pinheiro
- Green Nanotechnology Group, Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasília, Brasília DF 72220-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Sciences and Health Technologies, Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasília, Brasília DF 72220-275, Brazil
| | - Victor Raul Romero Aquino
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia GO 74690-631, Brazil
- Institute of Physics, University of Brasília, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | | | - Andris Figueiroa Bakuzis
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia GO 74690-631, Brazil
- CNanoMed, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia GO 74690-631, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Bentes Azevedo
- Department of Genetics & Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Henrique Sousa
- Green Nanotechnology Group, Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasília, Brasília DF 72220-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Sciences and Health Technologies, Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasília, Brasília DF 72220-275, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Morais
- Institute of Physics, University of Brasília, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil
- Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília DF 70790-160, Brazil
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Narayanaswamy V, Al-Omari IA, Kamzin AS, Issa B, Obaidat IM. Tailoring Interfacial Exchange Anisotropy in Hard-Soft Core-Shell Ferrite Nanoparticles for Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:262. [PMID: 35055278 PMCID: PMC8781948 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Magnetically hard-soft core-shell ferrite nanoparticles are synthesized using an organometallic decomposition method through seed-mediated growth. Two sets of core-shell nanoparticles (S1 and S2) with different shell (Fe3O4) thicknesses and similar core (CoFe2O4) sizes are obtained by varying the initial quantities of seed nanoparticles of size 6.0 ± 1.0 nm. The nanoparticles synthesized have average sizes of 9.5 ± 1.1 (S1) and 12.2 ± 1.7 (S2) nm with corresponding shell thicknesses of 3.5 and 6.1 nm. Magnetic properties are investigated under field-cooled and zero-field-cooled conditions at several temperatures and field cooling values. Magnetic heating efficiency for magnetic hyperthermia applications is investigated by measuring the specific absorption rate (SAR) in alternating magnetic fields at several field strengths and frequencies. The exchange bias is found to have a nonmonotonic and oscillatory relationship with temperature at all fields. SAR values of both core-shell samples are found to be considerably larger than that of the single-phase bare core particles. The effective anisotropy and SAR values are found to be larger in S2 than those in S1. However, the saturation magnetization displays the opposite behavior. These results are attributed to the occurrence of spin-glass regions at the core-shell interface of different amounts in the two samples. The novel outcome is that the interfacial exchange anisotropy of core-shell nanoparticles can be tailored to produce large effective magnetic anisotropy and thus large SAR values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesha Narayanaswamy
- Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | | | - Aleksandr S. Kamzin
- Laboratory of Ferroelectricity and Magnetism Physics, Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Bashar Issa
- Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Ihab M. Obaidat
- Department of Physics, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
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11
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Ovejero JG, Spizzo F, Morales MP, Del Bianco L. Nanoparticles for Magnetic Heating: When Two (or More) Is Better Than One. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:6416. [PMID: 34771940 PMCID: PMC8585339 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of magnetic nanoparticles as heating agents in biomedicine is driven by their proven utility in hyperthermia therapeutic treatments and heat-triggered drug delivery methods. The growing demand of efficient and versatile nanoheaters has prompted the creation of novel types of magnetic nanoparticle systems exploiting the magnetic interaction (exchange or dipolar in nature) between two or more constituent magnetic elements (magnetic phases, primary nanoparticles) to enhance and tune the heating power. This process occurred in parallel with the progress in the methods for the chemical synthesis of nanostructures and in the comprehension of magnetic phenomena at the nanoscale. Therefore, complex magnetic architectures have been realized that we classify as: (a) core/shell nanoparticles; (b) multicore nanoparticles; (c) linear aggregates; (d) hybrid systems; (e) mixed nanoparticle systems. After a general introduction to the magnetic heating phenomenology, we illustrate the different classes of nanoparticle systems and the strategic novelty they represent. We review some of the research works that have significantly contributed to clarify the relationship between the compositional and structural properties, as determined by the synthetic process, the magnetic properties and the heating mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus G. Ovejero
- Departamento de Energía, Medio Ambiente y Salud, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.O.); (M.P.M.)
- Servicio de Dosimetría y Radioprotección, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, E-28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Spizzo
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - M. Puerto Morales
- Departamento de Energía, Medio Ambiente y Salud, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.O.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Lucia Del Bianco
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy;
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12
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Tsopoe SP, Borgohain C, Borah JP. A temperature-dependent switching of the exchange bias effect from negative to positive under a fixed intermediate cooling field. RSC Adv 2021; 11:20806-20811. [PMID: 35479392 PMCID: PMC9033970 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01902c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An interfacial coupling origin of the exchange bias effect (EBE) is a novel phenomenon due to its technological and fundamental importance. We have carefully synthesized an Fe3O4@NiO (FO@N) core@shell (CS) nanostructure using a co-precipitation method, and the CS nanostructure formation was evident from the HRTEM analysis. The magnetic measurement study endorses unique characteristics on the temperature-dependent EBE switching from negative to the positive axis under a fixed cooling field. To the best of our knowledge, this unique characteristic behavior at a fixed cooling field has not been reported, particularly for the ferro/ferrimagnetic@antiferromagnetic FiM@AFM CS nanostructure. The switching is attributed to a formation of ferromagnetic (negative) or antiferromagnetic (positive) coupling arrangement at the magnetically disordered interface of two materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Tsopoe
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Nagaland Dimapur Nagaland-797103 India
| | - C Borgohain
- Central Instrumentation Facility (CIF), Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 India
| | - J P Borah
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Nagaland Dimapur Nagaland-797103 India
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