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Li Y, Han S. Metabolomic Applications in Gut Microbiota-Host Interactions in Human Diseases. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2024; 53:383-397. [PMID: 39068001 DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The human gut microbiota, consisting of trillions of microorganisms, encodes diverse metabolic pathways that impact numerous aspects of host physiology. One key way in which gut bacteria interact with the host is through the production of small metabolites. Several of these microbiota-dependent metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, have been shown to modulate host diseases. In this review, we examine how disease-associated metabolic signatures are identified using metabolomic platforms, and where metabolomics is applied in gut microbiota-disease interactions. We further explore how integration of metagenomic and metabolomic data in human studies can facilitate biomarkers discoveries in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Li
- Biochemistry Graduate Program, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Shuo Han
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, NC 27710, USA.
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2
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Kang M, Kang M, Yoo J, Lee J, Lee S, Yun B, Song M, Kim JM, Kim HW, Yang J, Kim Y, Oh S. Dietary supplementation with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus IDCC3201 alleviates sarcopenia by modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites in dexamethasone-induced models. Food Funct 2024; 15:4936-4953. [PMID: 38602003 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05420a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics can exert direct or indirect influences on various aspects of health claims by altering the composition of the gut microbiome and producing bioactive metabolites. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus IDCC3201 on skeletal muscle atrophy in dexamethasone-induced C2C12 cells and a mouse animal model. Dexamethasone treatment significantly reduced C2C12 muscle cell viability, myotube diameter, and levels of muscle atrophic markers (Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1). These effects were alleviated by conditioned media (CM) and cell extract (EX) derived from L. rhamnosus IDCC3201. In addition, we assessed the in vivo therapeutic effect of L. rhamnosus IDCC3201 in a mouse model of dexamethasone (DEX)-induced muscle atrophy. Supplementation with IDCC3201 resulted in significant enhancements in body composition, particularly in lean mass, muscle strength, and myofibril size, in DEX-induced muscle atrophy mice. In comparison to the DEX-treatment group, the normal and DEX + L. rhamnosus IDCC3201 groups showed a higher transcriptional level of myosin heavy chain family genes (MHC1, MHC1b, MHC2A, 2bB, and 2X) and a reduction in atrophic muscle makers. These analyses revealed that L. rhamnosus IDCC3201 supplementation led to increased production of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and improved the Allobaculum genus within the gut microbiota of muscle atrophy-induced groups. Taken together, our findings suggest that L. rhamnosus IDCC3201 represents a promising dietary supplement with the potential to alleviate sarcopenia by modulating the gut microbiome and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyoung Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiseon Yoo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Bohyun Yun
- Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo 58762, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Song
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Mo Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Wook Kim
- College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwoo Yang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangnam Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
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Yun M, Jo HE, Kim N, Park HK, Jang YS, Choi GH, Jo HE, Seo JH, Mok JY, Park SM, Choi HJ. Oral Administration of Alcohol-Tolerant Lactic Acid Bacteria Alleviates Blood Alcohol Concentration and Ethanol-Induced Liver Damage in Rodents. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:838-845. [PMID: 38247212 PMCID: PMC11102817 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2312.12040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption can have serious negative consequences on health, including addiction, liver damage, and other long-term effects. The causes of hangovers include dehydration, alcohol and alcohol metabolite toxicity, and nutrient deficiency due to absorption disorders. Additionally, alcohol consumption can slow reaction times, making it more difficult to rapidly respond to situations that require quick thinking. Exposure to a large amount of ethanol can also negatively affect a person's righting reflex and balance. In this study, we evaluated the potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to alleviate alcohol-induced effects and behavioral responses. Two LAB strains isolated from kimchi, Levilactobacillus brevis WiKim0168 and Leuconostoc mesenteroides WiKim0172, were selected for their ethanol tolerance and potential to alleviate hangover symptoms. Enzyme activity assays for alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) were then conducted to evaluate the role of these bacteria in alcohol metabolism. Through in vitro and in vivo studies, these strains were assessed for their ability to reduce blood alcohol concentrations and protect against alcohol-induced liver damage. The results indicated that these LAB strains possess significant ethanol tolerance and elevate ADH and ALDH activities. LAB administration remarkably reduced blood alcohol levels in rats after excessive alcohol consumption. Moreover, the LAB strains showed hepatoprotective effects and enhanced behavioral outcomes, highlighting their potential as probiotics for counteracting the adverse effects of alcohol consumption. These findings support the development of functional foods incorporating LAB strains that can mediate behavioral improvements following alcohol intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misun Yun
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Eun Jo
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Namhee Kim
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Kyeong Park
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seo Jang
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Hee Choi
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
- Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Eun Jo
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
- Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ji Ye Mok
- Pharmsville Co., Ltd., Seoul 07793, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Pharmsville Co., Ltd., Seoul 07793, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Jong Choi
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
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Junaid M, Lu H, Din AU, Yu B, Liu Y, Li Y, Liu K, Yan J, Qi Z. Deciphering Microbiome, Transcriptome, and Metabolic Interactions in the Presence of Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus against Salmonella Typhimurium in a Murine Model. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:352. [PMID: 38667028 PMCID: PMC11047355 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13040352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), a foodborne pathogen that poses significant public health risks to humans and animals, presents a formidable challenge due to its antibiotic resistance. This study explores the potential of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus 1.3251) probiotics as an alternative strategy to combat antibiotic resistance associated with S. Typhimurium infection. In this investigation, twenty-four BALB/c mice were assigned to four groups: a non-infected, non-treated group (CNG); an infected, non-treated group (CPG); a group fed with L. acidophilus but not infected (LAG); and a group fed with L. acidophilus and challenged with Salmonella (LAST). The results revealed a reduction in Salmonella levels in the feces of mice, along with restored weight and improved overall health in the LAST compared to the CPG. The feeding of L. acidophilus was found to downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA induced by Salmonella while upregulating anti-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, it influenced the expression of mRNA transcript, encoding tight junction protein, oxidative stress-induced enzymes, and apoptosis-related mRNA expression. Furthermore, the LEfSe analysis demonstrated a significant shift in the abundance of critical commensal genera in the LAST, essential for maintaining gut homeostasis, metabolic reactions, anti-inflammatory responses, and butyrate production. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 2173 upregulated and 506 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the LAST vs. the CPG. Functional analysis of these DEGs highlighted their involvement in immunity, metabolism, and cellular development. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated their role in tumor necrosis factor (TNF), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), chemokine, Forkhead box O (FOXO), and transforming growth factor (TGF-β) signaling pathway. Moreover, the fecal metabolomic analysis identified 929 differential metabolites, with enrichment observed in valine, leucine, isoleucine, taurine, glycine, and other metabolites. These findings suggest that supplementation with L. acidophilus promotes the growth of beneficial commensal genera while mitigating Salmonella-induced intestinal disruption by modulating immunity, gut homeostasis, gut barrier integrity, and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongyu Lu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ahmad Ud Din
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Bin Yu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yixiang Li
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kefei Liu
- Tianjin Shengji Group., Co., Ltd., No. 2, Hai Tai Development 2nd Road, Huayuan Industrial Zone, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jianhua Yan
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhongquan Qi
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Revankar NA, Negi PS. Biotics: An emerging food supplement for health improvement in the era of immune modulation. Nutr Clin Pract 2024; 39:311-329. [PMID: 37466413 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of the commensal microbiota in immune function is a multifold process. Biotics, such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and paraprobiotics, have been subjected to animal and human trials demonstrating the association between gut microbes and immunity biomarkers leading to improvement in overall health. In recent years, studies on human microbiome interaction have established the multifarious role of biotics in maintaining overall health. The consumption of biotics has been extensively reported to help in maintaining microbial diversity, enhancing gut-associated mucosal immune homeostasis, and providing protection against a wide range of lifestyle disorders. However, the establishment of biotics as an alternative therapy for a range of health conditions is yet to be ascertained. Despite the fact that scientific literature has demonstrated the correlation between biotics and immune modulation, most in vivo and in vitro reports are inconclusive on the dosage required. This review provides valuable insights into the immunomodulatory effects of biotics consumption based on evidence obtained from animal models and clinical trials. Furthermore, we highlight the optimal dosages of biotics that have been reported to deliver maximum health benefits. By identifying critical research gaps, we have suggested a roadmap for future investigations to advance our understanding of the intricate crosstalk between biotics and immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam A Revankar
- Department of Fruit and Vegetables Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Pradeep S Negi
- Department of Fruit and Vegetables Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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6
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Medeiros D, McMurry K, Pfeiffer M, Newsome K, Testerman T, Graf J, Silver AC, Sacchetti P. Slowing Alzheimer's disease progression through probiotic supplementation. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1309075. [PMID: 38510467 PMCID: PMC10950931 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1309075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The lack of affordable and effective therapeutics against cognitive impairment has promoted research toward alternative approaches to the treatment of neurodegeneration. In recent years, a bidirectional pathway that allows the gut to communicate with the central nervous system has been recognized as the gut-brain axis. Alterations in the gut microbiota, a dynamic population of trillions of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract, have been implicated in a variety of pathological states, including neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, probiotic treatment as an affordable and accessible adjuvant therapy for the correction of dysbiosis in AD has not been thoroughly explored. Here, we sought to correct the dysbiosis in an AD mouse model with probiotic supplementation, with the intent of exploring its effects on disease progression. Transgenic 3xTg-AD mice were fed a control or a probiotic diet (Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 and Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601) for 12 weeks, with the latter leading to a significant increase in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes. Cognitive functions were evaluated via Barnes Maze trials and improvements in memory performance were detected in probiotic-fed AD mice. Neural tissue analysis of the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus of 10-month-old 3xTg-AD mice demonstrated that astrocytic and microglial densities were reduced in AD mice supplemented with a probiotic diet, with changes more pronounced in probiotic-fed female mice. In addition, elevated numbers of neurons in the hippocampus of probiotic-fed 3xTg-AD mice suggested neuroprotection induced by probiotic supplementation. Our results suggest that probiotic supplementation could be effective in delaying or mitigating early stages of neurodegeneration in the 3xTg-AD animal model. It is vital to explore new possibilities for palliative care for neurodegeneration, and probiotic supplementation could provide an inexpensive and easily implemented adjuvant clinical treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Destynie Medeiros
- Department of Biology, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT, United States
| | - Kristina McMurry
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Biology, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT, United States
| | - Melissa Pfeiffer
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Biology, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT, United States
| | - Kayla Newsome
- Department of Biology, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT, United States
| | - Todd Testerman
- Department of Molecular Cellular Biology, UConn, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Joerg Graf
- Department of Molecular Cellular Biology, UConn, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Adam C. Silver
- Department of Biology, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT, United States
| | - Paola Sacchetti
- Department of Biology, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT, United States
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Ho SM, Tsai WH, Lai CH, Chiang MH, Lee WP, Wu HY, Bai PY, Wu T, Wu CL. Probiotic Lactobacillus spp. improves Drosophila memory by increasing lactate dehydrogenase levels in the brain mushroom body neurons. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2316533. [PMID: 38372783 PMCID: PMC10877976 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2316533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are live microorganisms that offer potential benefits to their hosts and can occasionally influence behavioral responses. However, the detailed mechanisms by which probiotics affect the behavior of their hosts and the underlying biogenic effects remain unclear. Lactic acid bacteria, specifically Lactobacillus spp. are known probiotics. Drosophila melanogaster, commonly known as the fruit fly, is a well-established model organism for investigating the interaction between the host and gut microbiota in translational research. Herein, we showed that 5-day administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus (termed GMNL-185) or Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (termed GMNL-680) enhances olfactory-associative memory in Drosophila. Moreover, a combined diet of GMNL-185 and GMNL-680 demonstrated synergistic effects on memory functions. Live brain imaging revealed a significant increase in calcium responses to the training odor in the mushroom body β and γ lobes of flies that underwent mixed feeding with GMNL-185 and GMNL-680. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and whole-mount brain immunohistochemistry revealed significant upregulation of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) expression in the fly brain following the mixed feeding. Notably, the genetic knockdown of Ldh in neurons, specifically in mushroom body, ameliorated the beneficial effects of mixed feeding with GMNL-185 and GMNL-680 on memory improvement. Altogether, our results demonstrate that supplementation with L. acidophilus and L. rhamnosus enhances memory functions in flies by increasing brain LDH levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuk-Man Ho
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hua Tsai
- Research and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ho Lai
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, School of Medicine, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsuan Chiang
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Po Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Bai
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tony Wu
- Department of Neurology, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Zhang S, Lv S, Li Y, Wei D, Zhou X, Niu X, Yang Z, Song W, Zhang Z, Peng D. Prebiotics modulate the microbiota-gut-brain axis and ameliorate cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:2991-3007. [PMID: 37460822 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03208-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prebiotics, including fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), stimulate beneficial gut bacteria and may be helpful for patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to compare the effects of FOS and GOS, alone or in combination, on AD mice and to identify their underlying mechanisms. METHODS Six-month-old APP/PS1 mice and wild-type mice were orally administered FOS, GOS, FOS + GOS or water by gavage for 6 weeks and then subjected to relative assays, including behavioral tests, biochemical assays and 16S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS Through behavioral tests, we found that GOS had the best effect on reversing cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice, followed by FOS + GOS, while FOS had no effect. Through biochemical techniques, we found that GOS and FOS + GOS had effects on multiple targets, including diminishing Aβ burden and proinflammatory IL-1β and IL-6 levels, and changing the concentrations of neurotransmitters GABA and 5-HT in the brain. In contrast, FOS had only a slight anti-inflammatory effect. Moreover, through 16S rRNA sequencing, we found that prebiotics changed composition of gut microbiota. Notably, GOS increased relative abundance of Lactobacillus, FOS increased that of Bifidobacterium, and FOS + GOS increased that of both. Furthermore, prebiotics downregulated the expression levels of proteins of the TLR4-Myd88-NF-κB pathway in the colons and cortexes, suggesting the involvement of gut-brain mechanism in alleviating neuroinflammation. CONCLUSION Among the three prebiotics, GOS was the optimal one to alleviate cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice and the mechanism was attributed to its multi-target role in alleviating Aβ pathology and neuroinflammation, changing neurotransmitter concentrations, and modulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Chang Chun Street, Beijing, 100053, China
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shuang Lv
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- Department of Rheumatology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Cardiovasology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Dongfeng Wei
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Xiaoqian Niu
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ziyuan Yang
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Weiqun Song
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Chang Chun Street, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Zhanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Dantao Peng
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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9
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Gao K, Chen C, Ke X, Fan Q, Wang H, Li Y, Chen S. Improvements of Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Mice by Lactobacillus helveticus WHH1889, a Novel Strain with Psychobiotic Properties. Nutrients 2023; 15:3852. [PMID: 37686884 PMCID: PMC10489973 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A gradual decline in cognitive function occurs with age. Accumulating evidence suggests that certain probiotic strains exert beneficial effects on age-related cognitive decline. Our previous study revealed that Lactobacillus helveticus WHH1889 attenuated symptoms of anxiety and depression in depressed mice via shaping the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) metabolism and gut microbial community, indicating the psychobiotic potential of WHH1889. In the present study, the effects of WHH1889 on age-related cognitive decline were investigated. WHH1889 was orally administrated (1 × 109 CFU/day) for twelve weeks in aged mice, and their cognitive behaviors, neurochemical factors, cognitive-related gene expressions, neuroinflammation, and serum tryptophan pathway-targeted metabolic profiling, as well as gut microbiome composition were assessed. WHH1889 demonstrated improvement of the cognitive behaviors via the novel object recognition test (NORT), the active shuttle avoidance test (ASAT), the Y-maze test, and the passive avoidance test (PAT). The hippocampal neuronal loss; the declined concentrations of BDNF, 5-HT, and 5-HTP; the decreased gene expressions of neurodegeneration biomarkers; and the increased production of hippocampal inflammatory cytokines in aged mice were restored by WHH1889. In addition, WHH1889 increased the 5-HT/5HTP levels and decreased the serum levels of tryptophan-derived metabolites (e.g., kynurenine, xanthurenic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine, and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid). Furthermore, WHH1889 was revealed to shape the gut microbiota community by reversing the relative abundances of Bacteroidota and Firmicutes. The present findings suggest that L. helveticus WHH1889 exerted cognitive improving effects on aged mice, which was associated with the modulation of 5-HT and 5-HTP metabolism and gut microbial composition. The supplementation of WHH1889 may therefore be a promising therapeutic agent for age-related cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Gao
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China; (K.G.); (C.C.); (X.K.); (Q.F.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310018, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Cailing Chen
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China; (K.G.); (C.C.); (X.K.); (Q.F.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xueqin Ke
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China; (K.G.); (C.C.); (X.K.); (Q.F.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qiuling Fan
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China; (K.G.); (C.C.); (X.K.); (Q.F.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China; (K.G.); (C.C.); (X.K.); (Q.F.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310018, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Su Chen
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China; (K.G.); (C.C.); (X.K.); (Q.F.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Evangelista AG, Matté EHC, Corrêa JAF, Gonçalves FDR, Dos Santos JVG, Biauki GC, Milek MM, Costa LB, Luciano FB. Bioprotective potential of lactic acid bacteria for Salmonella biocontrol in vitro. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:1357-1368. [PMID: 36823482 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are an important option for Salmonella control in animal production, resulting in lower antibiotic use. The objective of this research was to isolate LAB from meat products and from commercial probiotics sold as nutritional supplements for in vitro verification of their bioprotective potential. Eleven bacteria were identified as Pediococcus acidilactici, two as Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, one as Lacticaseibacillus paracasei paracasei, one as Limosilactobacillus fermentum, and one as a consortium of Lactobacillus delbrueckii bulgaricus and L. fermentum. All bacteria showed inhibitory activity against Salmonella, with emphasis on the inhibition of P. acidilactici PUCPR 011 against Salmonella Enteritidis 33SUSUP, S. Enteritidis 9SUSP, S. Enteritidis 56301, S. Enteritidis CRIFS 1016, Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC™ 14,028®, and Salmonella Gallinarum AL 1138, with inhibition halos of 7.3 ± 0.5 mm, 7.7 ± 1.0 mm, 9.0 ± 1.8 mm, 7.3 ± 0.5 mm, 7.7 ± 1.0 mm, and 7.3 ± 0.5, respectively. The isolates P. acidilactici PUCPR 011, P. acidilactici PUCPR 012, P. acidilactici PUCPR 014, L. fermentum PUCPR 005, L. paracasei paracasei PUCPR 013, and L. rhamnosus PUCPR 010 showed inhibition greater than 2 mm against at least 3 Salmonella and were used for encapsulation and in vitro digestion. The encapsulation efficiency ranged from 76.89 ± 1.54 to 116.48 ± 2.23%, and the population after 12 months of storage was from 5.31 ± 0.17 to 9.46 ± 0.09 log CFU/g. When simulating swine and chicken digestion, there was a large reduction in bacterial viability, stabilizing at concentrations close to 2.5 log CFU/mL after the analyses. The analyzed bacteria showed strong in vitro bioprotective potential; further analyses are required to determine in vivo effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Gonçalves Evangelista
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 - Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR, 80215-901, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Henrique Custódio Matté
- Undergraduate Program in Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 - Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR, 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Jessica Audrey Feijó Corrêa
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 - Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR, 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Francieli Dalvana Ribeiro Gonçalves
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 - Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR, 80215-901, Brazil
| | - João Vitor Garcia Dos Santos
- Undergraduate Program in Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 - Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR, 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Gabrieli Camila Biauki
- Undergraduate Program in Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 - Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR, 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Mônica Moura Milek
- Undergraduate Program in Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 - Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR, 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Leandro Batista Costa
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 - Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR, 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Fernando Bittencourt Luciano
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 - Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR, 80215-901, Brazil.
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Recharla N, Choi J, Puligundla P, Park SJ, Lee HJ. Impact of probiotics on cognition and constipation in the elderly: A meta-analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18306. [PMID: 37539311 PMCID: PMC10395539 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive decline and constipation are common complications in the elderly. Probiotics are potential therapeutic agents to ameliorate cognitive impairment through gut-brain axis. Several clinical studies have investigated the beneficial effects of probiotics on cognitive impairment and constipation in elderly. However, a quantitative meta-analysis is required to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics on cognitive function and constipation. Thirteen clinical studies were included in this meta-analysis. We examined the risk of bias assessment and heterogeneity of eight studies for cognition and five studies for constipation, followed by group and subgroup meta-analyses using a random-effects model to evaluate the potential of probiotic supplements on cognition function and constipation in aged people. The results of the pooled meta-analysis revealed that probiotic supplementation did not improve the cognitive rating scale assessment for all studies (estimate = 0.13; 95%CI [-0.18, 0.43]; p = 0.41; I2 = 83.51%). However, subgroup analysis of single strain supplementation showed improved cognitive function in elderly people (estimate = 0.35; 95%CI [0.02, 0.69]; p = 0.039; I2 = 19.19%) compared to multiple strains. Probiotics also enhanced defecation frequency in constipated patients (estimate = 0.27; 95%CI [0.05, 0.5]; p = 0.019; I2 = 67.37%). Furthermore, probiotic supplementation resulted in higher fecal Lactobacillus counts than placebo (estimate = 0.37; 95%CI [0.05, 0.69]; p = 0.026; I2 = 21.3%). Subgroup analysis indicated that a probiotic intervention period of ≥4 weeks was more effective (estimate = 0.35; 95%CI [0.01, 0.68]; p = 0.044; I2 = 0%) in reducing constipation symptoms than a short intervention duration. Based on these results, probiotic supplementation could be a potential intervention to reduce constipation symptoms in the elderly population. The heterogeneity between studies is high, and limited trials are available to evaluate the cognitive function of aged individuals using probiotics. Therefore, further studies are required to determine the effect of probiotics on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraja Recharla
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihee Choi
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Pradeep Puligundla
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Joo Park
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
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Yun SW, Park HS, Shin YJ, Ma X, Han MJ, Kim DH. Lactobacillus gasseri NK109 and Its Supplement Alleviate Cognitive Impairment in Mice by Modulating NF-κB Activation, BDNF Expression, and Gut Microbiota Composition. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030790. [PMID: 36771498 PMCID: PMC9921112 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging-related gut microbiota dysbiosis initiates gut inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis, which induce the occurrence of psychiatric disorders including dementia. The alleviation of gut microbiota dysbiosis by probiotics is suggested to be able to alleviate psychiatric disorders including cognitive impairment (CI). Therefore, to understand how probiotics could alleviate CI, we examined the effects of anti-inflammatory Lactobacillus gasseri NK109 and its supplement (NS, mixture of NK109 and soybean embryo ethanol extract) on cognitive function in aged (Ag), 5XFAD transgenic (Tg), or mildly cognition-impaired adult fecal microbiota (MCF)-transplanted mice. Oral administration of NK109 or NS decreased CI-like behaviors in Ag mice. Their treatments suppressed TNF-α and p16 expression and NF-κB-activated cell populations in the hippocampus and colon, while BDNF expression was induced. Moreover, they partially shifted the β-diversity of gut microbiota in Ag mice to those of young mice: they decreased Bifidobacteriaceae, Lactobacillaceae, and Helicobacteriaceae populations and increased Rikenellaceae and Prevotellaceae populations. Oral administration of NK109 or NS also reduced CI-like behaviors in Tg mice. Their treatments induced BDNF expression in the hippocampus, decreased hippocampal TNF-α and Aβ expression and hippocampal and colonic NF-κB-activated cell populations. NK109 and NS partially shifted the β-diversity of gut microbiota in Tg mice: they decreased Muribaculaceae and Rhodospiraceae populations and increased Helicobacteriaceae population. Oral administration of NK109 or NS decreased MCF transplantation-induced CI-like behaviors in mice. NK109 and NS increased hippocampal BDNF expression, while hippocampal and colonic TNF-α expression and NF-κB-activated cell populations decreased. These findings suggest that dementia can fluctuate the gut microbiota composition and NK109 and its supplement NS can alleviate CI with systemic inflammation by inducing BDNF expression and suppressing NF-κB activation and gut microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Won Yun
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seo Park
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Jung Shin
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaoyang Ma
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Joo Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (M.J.H.); (D.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-2-961-0553 (M.J.H.); +82-2-961-0374 (D.-H.K.)
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (M.J.H.); (D.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-2-961-0553 (M.J.H.); +82-2-961-0374 (D.-H.K.)
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13
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Mazziotta C, Tognon M, Martini F, Torreggiani E, Rotondo JC. Probiotics Mechanism of Action on Immune Cells and Beneficial Effects on Human Health. Cells 2023; 12:cells12010184. [PMID: 36611977 PMCID: PMC9818925 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune cells and commensal microbes in the human intestine constantly communicate with and react to each other in a stable environment in order to maintain healthy immune activities. Immune system-microbiota cross-talk relies on a complex network of pathways that sustain the balance between immune tolerance and immunogenicity. Probiotic bacteria can interact and stimulate intestinal immune cells and commensal microflora to modulate specific immune functions and immune homeostasis. Growing evidence shows that probiotic bacteria present important health-promoting and immunomodulatory properties. Thus, the use of probiotics might represent a promising approach for improving immune system activities. So far, few studies have been reported on the beneficial immune modulatory effect of probiotics. However, many others, which are mainly focused on their metabolic/nutritional properties, have been published. Therefore, the mechanisms behind the interaction between host immune cells and probiotics have only been partially described. The present review aims to collect and summarize the most recent scientific results and the resulting implications of how probiotic bacteria and immune cells interact to improve immune functions. Hence, a description of the currently known immunomodulatory mechanisms of probiotic bacteria in improving the host immune system is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mazziotta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena Torreggiani
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.T.); (J.C.R.); Tel.: +39-053-2455-557 (E.T.); +39-053-245-5536 (J.C.R.)
| | - John Charles Rotondo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.T.); (J.C.R.); Tel.: +39-053-2455-557 (E.T.); +39-053-245-5536 (J.C.R.)
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14
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Lalonde R, Strazielle C. Probiotic Influences on Motor Skills: A Review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:2481-2486. [PMID: 37550907 PMCID: PMC10616912 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230807150523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of probiotics have mostly been shown to be favorable on measures of anxiety and stress. More recent experiments indicate single- and multi-strain probiotics in treating motorrelated diseases. Initial studies in patients with Parkinson's disease and Prader-Willi syndrome are concordant with this hypothesis. In addition, probiotics improved motor coordination in normal animals and models of Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and spinal cord injury as well as grip strength in hepatic encephalopathy. Further studies should delineate the most optimal bacterial profile under each condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Lalonde
- Laboratory of Stress, Immunity, Pathogens (EA7300), Medical School, University of Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - Catherine Strazielle
- Laboratory of Stress, Immunity, Pathogens (EA7300), Medical School, University of Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy, France
- CHRU Nancy, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy, France
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Lee WJ, Ryu S, Kang AN, Song M, Shin M, Oh S, Kim Y. Molecular characterization of gut microbiome in weaning pigs supplemented with multi-strain probiotics using metagenomic, culturomic, and metabolomic approaches. Anim Microbiome 2022; 4:60. [PMID: 36434671 PMCID: PMC9700986 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-022-00212-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics have been reported to exhibit positive effects on host health, including improved intestinal barrier function, preventing pathogenic infection, and promoting nutrient digestion efficiency. These internal changes are reflected to the fecal microbiota composition and, bacterial metabolites production. In accordance, the application of probiotics has been broadened to industrial animals, including swine, which makes people to pursue better knowledge of the correlation between changes in the fecal microbiota and metabolites. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of multi-strain probiotics (MSP) supplementation to piglets utilizing multiomics analytical approaches including metagenomics, culturomics, and metabolomics. RESULTS Six-week-old piglets were supplemented with MSP composed of Lactobacillus isolated from the feces of healthy piglets. To examine the effect of MSP supplement, piglets of the same age were selected and divided into two groups; one with MSP supplement (MSP group) and the other one without MSP supplement (Control group). MSP feeding altered the composition of the fecal microbiota, as demonstrated by metagenomics analysis. The abundance of commensal Lactobacillus was increased by 2.39%, while Clostridium was decreased, which revealed the similar pattern to the culturomic approach. Next, we investigated the microbial metabolite profiles, specifically SCFAs using HPLC-MS/MS and others using GC-MS, respectively. MSP supplement elevated the abundance of amino acids, including valine, isoleucine and proline as well as the concentration of acetic acid. According to the correlation analyses, these alterations were found out to be crucial in energy synthesizing metabolism, such as branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism and coenzyme A biosynthesis. Furthermore, we isolated commensal Lactobacillus strains enriched by MSP supplement, and analyzed the metabolites and evaluated the functional improvement, related to tight junction from intestinal porcine enterocyte cell line (IPEC-J2). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, MSP administration to piglets altered their fecal microbiota, by enriching commensal Lactobacillus strains. This change contributed amino acid, acetic acid, and BCAA concentrations to be increased, and energy metabolism pathway was also increased at in vivo and in vitro. These changes produced by MSP supplement suggests the correlation between the various physiological energy metabolism functions induced by health-promoting Lactobacillus and the growth performance of piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woong Ji Lee
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Korea
| | - Sangdon Ryu
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Korea
| | - An Na Kang
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Korea
| | - Minho Song
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Korea
| | - Minhye Shin
- grid.202119.90000 0001 2364 8385Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212 Korea
| | - Sangnam Oh
- grid.411845.d0000 0000 8598 5806Department of Functional Food and Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju, 55069 Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Korea
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Jin Z, Lu T, Feng W, Jin Q, Wu Z, Yang Y. Development of the degradation bacteria in household food waste and analysis of the microbial community in aerobic composting. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 70:622-633. [PMID: 35856701 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
By screening the strains and testing different combinations of diverse bacteria, we developed a compound bacteria agent composing of 5 g Bacillus amyloliquefacien (B2), 10 g Pseudomonas aeruginosa (F4), 5 g Paenibacillus lautus (303), and 10 mL composite strains (DOD) for the degradation of household food waste (HFW). The final mass loss of HFW in aerobic composting with the compound bacteria agent B2+F4+303+DOD (group C) was 84.52%, increased by 20.83% over that loss in natural composting (group A). Analysis of 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing showed that the phyla in the group A and the group C mainly included Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria. At the genus level, Pediococcus was the dominant genus in the group A, of which the microbial community performed better to maintain microbial system stable in the later stage of composting, while Weissella accounted for a larger proportion of the group C that acted well in reducing final mass of composting. The Ochrobactrum was closely related to the removal of odours in the early stage of the group C. The relative abundance of compound bacteria agent was always at a rather low level, suggested that it affected the composting process by changing the proportion of dominant bacteria in the compost. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Jin
- School of biological and chemical engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Tong Lu
- College of chemical and biological engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310013, China
| | - Wenjun Feng
- School of biological and chemical engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Qingchao Jin
- School of biological and chemical engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Zhige Wu
- School of biological and chemical engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Yu Yang
- School of biological and chemical engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100, China
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Handajani YS, Turana Y, Yogiara Y, Sugiyono SP, Lamadong V, Widjaja NT, Christianto GAM, Suwanto A. Effects of Tempeh Probiotics on Elderly With Cognitive Impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:891773. [PMID: 35813939 PMCID: PMC9263263 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.891773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral consumption of probiotics can alter Gut Microbiota by causing changes in the production of probiotic derivatives. Therefore, by utilizing Gut-Brain-Axis (GBA), probiotics could provide an opportunity for central nervous system (CNS) modulation, including cognitive function. Tempeh is a traditional Indonesian food rich in probiotics and beneficial for cognitive function. However, the type of probiotics that play a role in cognitive improvement and the number of probiotics needed for the benefits of increasing cognitive function was unknown. Method This experimental study involved a total of 93 subjects, divided into 3 groups: A, B and C/control (n: 33, 32, and 28), who were provided with probiotic supplementation isolated from tempeh for 12 weeks intervention. Inclusion criteria were age > 60 years, and memory impairment with the third repetition value of Word List Memory Immediate Recall (WLMIR) < 7. Subjects with diabetes were excluded. Cognitive function examinations were carried out before and after treatment. The tempeh-derived probiotics were prepared trough several processes. Genomic isolation, detection of GABA-encoding genes, and species identification using the 16S-rRNA gene encoding were performed. Results The probiotics isolate used in the intervention was identified as Limosilactobacillus fermentum. We assigned this isolate as L. fermentum A2.8. The presence of the gene encoding GABA was found on this isolate. There was an increase in the cognitive domains of memory, learning process, and verbal fluency (p < 0.05) in group A (probiotics at concentration of 108 CFU/mL). Memory function, visuospatial, and verbal fluency improved (p < 0.05) in group B (probiotics at concentration of 107 CFU/mL). Only an increase in the memory domain was observed in the control group. Improvement of the learning process occurred only in group A (p = 0.006). Conclusion Administration of probiotics derived from L. fermentum A2.8 increased the cognitive domains of memory, language and visuospatial function. However, probiotic supplementation at a concentration of 108 CFU/mL was better in improving the learning process. This study succeeded in detecting Lactic Acid Bacterial isolates L. fermentum A2.8 that enclosed gene encoding glutamate decarboxylase (gad) which is involved in the synthesis of -aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter vital for cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Suzy Handajani
- Center of Health Research, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yuda Turana
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- *Correspondence: Yuda Turana
| | - Yogiara Yogiara
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sagita Pratiwi Sugiyono
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Vincent Lamadong
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nelly Tina Widjaja
- Center of Health Research, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Antonius Suwanto
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
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Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4 and Bifidobacterium longum BORI promotes neuronal rejuvenation in aged mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 603:41-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Paulino do Nascimento LC, Lacerda DC, Ferreira DJS, de Souza EL, de Brito Alves JL. Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Current Evidence on the Antioxidant Properties and Opportunities to be Exploited as a Probiotic Microorganism. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2022; 14:960-979. [PMID: 35467236 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09943-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The unbalance in the production and removal of oxygen-reactive species in the human organism leads to oxidative stress, a physiological condition commonly linked to the occurrence of cancer, neurodegenerative, inflammatory, and metabolic disorders. The implications of oxidative stress in the gut have been associated with gut microbiota impairments and gut dysbiosis. Some lactobacilli strains have shown an efficient antioxidant system capable of protecting against oxidative stress and related-chronic diseases. Recently, in vitro and experimental studies and some clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of the administration of various Limosilactobacillus fermentum strains to modulate beneficially the host antioxidant system resulting in the amelioration of a variety of systemic diseases phenotypes. This review presents and discusses the currently available studies on identifying L. fermentum strains with anti-oxidant properties, their sources, range of the administered doses, and duration of the intervention in experiments with animals and clinical trials. This review strives to serve as a relevant and well-cataloged reference of L. fermentum strains with capabilities of inducing anti-oxidant effects and health-promoting benefits to the host, envisaging their broad applicability to disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diego Cabral Lacerda
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I - João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Evandro Leite de Souza
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I - João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - José Luiz de Brito Alves
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I - João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
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20
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Kim E, Kim D, Yang SM, Kim HY. Validation of probiotic species or subspecies identity in commercial probiotic products using high-resolution PCR method based on large-scale genomic analysis. Food Res Int 2022; 154:111011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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21
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Kumar A, Joishy T, Das S, Kalita MC, Mukherjee AK, Khan MR. A Potential Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum JBC5 Improves Longevity and Healthy Aging by Modulating Antioxidative, Innate Immunity and Serotonin-Signaling Pathways in Caenorhabditis elegans. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:268. [PMID: 35204151 PMCID: PMC8868178 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the hypothesis of Dr. Elie Metchnikoff on lactobacilli-mediated healthy aging, several microbes have been reported to extend the lifespan with different features of healthy aging. However, a microbe affecting diverse features of healthy aging is of choice for broader acceptance and marketability as a next-generation probiotic. We employed Caenorhabditis elegans as a model to understand the potential of Lactobacillus plantarum JBC5 (LPJBC5), isolated from fermented food sample on longevity and healthy aging as well as their underlying mechanisms. Firstly, LPJBC5 enhanced the mean lifespan of C. elegans by 27.81% compared with control (untreated). LPBC5-induced longevity was accompanied with better aging-associated biomarkers, such as physical functions, fat, and lipofuscin accumulation. Lifespan assay on mutant worms and gene expression studies indicated that LPJBC5-mediated longevity was due to upregulation of the skinhead-1 (skn-1) gene activated through p38 MAPK signaling cascade. Secondly, the activated transcription factor SKN-1 upregulated the expression of antioxidative, thermo-tolerant, and anti-pathogenic genes. In support, LPJBC5 conferred resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses such as oxidative, heat, and pathogen. LPJBC5 upregulated the expression of intestinal tight junction protein ZOO-1 and improved gut integrity. Thirdly, LPJBC5 improved the learning and memory of worms trained on LPJBC5 compared with naive worms. The results showed upregulation of genes involved in serotonin signaling (ser-1, mod-1, and tph-1) in LPJBC5-fed worms compared with control, suggesting that serotonin-signaling was essential for LPJBC5-mediated improved cognitive function. Fourthly, LPJBC5 decreased the fat accumulation in worms by reducing the expression of genes encoding key substrates and enzymes of fat metabolism (i.e., fat-5 and fat-7). Lastly, LPJBC5 reduced the production of reactive oxygen species and improved mitochondrial function, thereby reducing apoptosis in worms. The capability of a single bacterium on pro-longevity and the features of healthy aging, including enhancement of gut integrity and cognitive functions, makes it an ideal candidate for promotion as a next-generation probiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar
- Molecular Biology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Division of Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati 781035, Assam, India; (A.K.); (T.J.); (S.D.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Tulsi Joishy
- Molecular Biology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Division of Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati 781035, Assam, India; (A.K.); (T.J.); (S.D.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Santanu Das
- Molecular Biology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Division of Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati 781035, Assam, India; (A.K.); (T.J.); (S.D.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Mohan C. Kalita
- Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India;
| | - Ashis K. Mukherjee
- Molecular Biology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Division of Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati 781035, Assam, India; (A.K.); (T.J.); (S.D.); (A.K.M.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Mojibur R. Khan
- Molecular Biology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Division of Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati 781035, Assam, India; (A.K.); (T.J.); (S.D.); (A.K.M.)
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22
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Sun Y, Ho CT, Zhang Y, Hong M, Zhang X. Plant polysaccharides utilized by gut microbiota: New players in ameliorating cognitive impairment. J Tradit Complement Med 2022; 13:128-134. [PMID: 36970456 PMCID: PMC10037067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable evidence indicates the important role of gut microbiota in human health. Through the interaction with the host and diet, it secretes a myriad of metabolites to modulate biological processes essential for health. Cognitive impairment is a common feature of psychiatric and neurological disorders, which may seriously damage the quality of patients' life. Studies have found that cognitive impairment has a close relationship with gut microbiota, and plant polysaccharides intervention to maintain intestinal micro-ecological balance has a great impact on ameliorating cognitive impairment. This review introduced the interaction between gut microbiota and plant polysaccharides, and focused on signaling pathogenesis of gut microbiota in cognitive impairment. The effect of plant polysaccharides intervention on regulation of gut microbiota was also discussed, so as to provide a promising strategy for ameliorating cognitive impairment.
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23
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OUP accepted manuscript. Nutr Rev 2022; 80:2002-2016. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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24
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Kim J, Kim DW, Lee A, Mason M, Jouroukhin Y, Woo H, Yolken RH, Pletnikov MV. Homeostatic regulation of neuronal excitability by probiotics in male germ-free mice. J Neurosci Res 2021; 100:444-460. [PMID: 34935171 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that probiotics can influence the gut-brain axis to ameliorate somatic and behavioral symptoms associated with brain disorders. However, whether probiotics have effects on the electrophysiological activities of individual neurons in the brain has not been evaluated at a single-neuron resolution, and whether the neuronal effects of probiotics depend on the gut microbiome status have yet to be tested. Thus, we conducted whole-cell patch-clamp recording-assisted electrophysiological characterizations of the neuronal effects of probiotics in male germ-free (GF) mice with and without gut microbiome colonization. Two weeks of treatment with probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium animalis) significantly and selectively increased the intrinsic excitability of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, whereas reconstituting gut microbiota in GF mice reversed the effects of the probiotics leading to a decreased intrinsic excitability in hippocampal neurons. This bidirectional modulation of neuronal excitability by probiotics was observed in hippocampal neurons with corresponding basal membrane property and action potential waveform changes. However, unlike the hippocampus, the amygdala excitatory neurons did not show any electrophysiological changes to the probiotic treatment in either GF or conventionalized GF mice. Our findings demonstrate for the first time how probiotic treatment can have a significant influence on the electrophysiological properties of neurons, bidirectionally modulating their intrinsic excitability in a gut microbiota and brain area-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dong Won Kim
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Adrian Lee
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Madisen Mason
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Yan Jouroukhin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hyewon Woo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert H Yolken
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mikhail V Pletnikov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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25
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Webberley TS, Masetti G, Baker LM, Dally J, Hughes TR, Marchesi JR, Jack AA, Plummer SF, Ramanathan G, Facey PD, Michael DR. The Impact of Lab4 Probiotic Supplementation in a 90-Day Study in Wistar Rats. Front Nutr 2021; 8:778289. [PMID: 34901123 PMCID: PMC8656110 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.778289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory and cholesterol lowering capabilities of probiotic bacteria highlight them as potential prophylactics against chronic inflammatory diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease. Previous studies in silico, in vitro, and in vivo suggest that the Lab4 probiotic consortium may harbour such capabilities and in the current study, we assessed plasma levels of cytokines/chemokines, short chain fatty acids and lipids and faecal levels of bile acids in a subpopulation of healthy Wistar rats included in 90-day repeat dose oral toxicity study. In the rats receiving Lab4, circulating levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-α and keratinocyte chemoattractant/growth regulated oncogene were significantly lower compared to the control group demonstrating a systemic anti-inflammatory effect. These changes occurred alongside significant reductions in plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol and increases in faecal bile acid excretion implying the ability to lower circulating cholesterol via the deconjugation of intestinal bile acids. Correlative analysis identified significant associations between plasma tumour necrosis factor-α and the plasma total cholesterol:high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and faecal levels of bifidobacteria in the Lab4 rats. Together, these data highlight Lab4 supplementation as a holistic approach to CVD prevention and encourages further studies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura M Baker
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | | | - Timothy R Hughes
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Julian R Marchesi
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Guru Ramanathan
- Pharmacology based Clinical Trials, Pennington Biomedical Research Centre, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Paul D Facey
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
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26
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Yoo J, Lee J, Zhang M, Mun D, Kang M, Yun B, Kim YA, Kim S, Oh S. Enhanced γ-aminobutyric acid and sialic acid in fermented deer antler
velvet and immune promoting effects. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 64:166-182. [PMID: 35174351 PMCID: PMC8819328 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2021.e132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Deer antler velvet is widely used in traditional medicine for its anti-aging,
antioxidant, and immunity-enhancing effects. However, few studies have reported
on the discovery of probiotic strains for deer antler fermentation to increase
functional ingredient absorption. This study evaluated the ability of probiotic
lactic acid bacteria to enhance the concentrations of bioactive molecules (e.g.,
sialic acid and gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA]) in extracts of deer antler
velvet. Seventeen strains of Lactobacillus spp. that were
isolated from kimchi and infant feces, including L. sakei,
L. rhamnosus, L. brevis, and L.
plantarum, and those that improved the life span of
Caenorhabditis elegans were selected for evaluation. Of the
17 strains, 2 (L. rhamnosus LFR20-004 and L.
sakei LFR20-007) were selected based on data showing that these
strains increased both the sialic acid and GABA contents of deer antler extract
after fermentation for 2 d and significantly improved the life span of
C. elegans. Co-fermentation with both strains further
increased the concentrations of sialic acid, GABA, and metabolites such as
short-chain fatty acids and amino acids. We evaluated the biological effects of
the fermented antler velvet (FAV) on the antibacterial immune response in
C. elegans by assessing worm survival after pathogen
infection. The survival of the C. elegans conditioned with FAV
for 24 h was significantly higher compared with that of the control worm group
fed only normal feed (non-pathogenic E. coli OP50) exposed to
E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhi, and
Listeria monocytogenes. To evaluate the protective effects
of FAV on immune response, cyclophosphamide (Cy), an immune-suppressing agent
was treated to in vitro and in vivo. We found
that FAV significantly restored viability of mice splenocytes and immune
promoting-related cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-10, inducible nitric oxide
synthase [iNOS], interferon [IFN]-γ, and tumor necrosis factor
[TNF]-α) were activated compared to non-fermented deer antlers. This
finding indicated the protective effect of FAV against Cy-induced cell death and
immunosuppressed mice. Taken together, our study suggests that immune-promoting
antler velvet can be produced through fermentation using L.
rhamnosus LFR20-004 and L. sakei LFR20-007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiseon Yoo
- Department of Functional Food and
Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069 Korea
| | - Juyeon Lee
- Department of Functional Food and
Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069 Korea
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Environment Science &
Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea
| | - Daye Mun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology
and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National
University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Minkyoung Kang
- Department of Functional Food and
Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069 Korea
| | - Bohyun Yun
- Department of Functional Food and
Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069 Korea
| | - Yong-An Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chonbuk
National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Sooah Kim
- Department of Environment Science &
Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea
| | - Sangnam Oh
- Department of Functional Food and
Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069 Korea
- Corresponding author: Sangnam Oh, Department of
Functional Food and Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069 Korea. Tel:
+82-63-220-3109, E-mail:
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27
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Sharma R. Bioactive food components for managing cellular senescence in aging and disease: A critical appraisal and perspectives. PHARMANUTRITION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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28
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Shin M, Mun D, Choi HJ, Kim S, Payne SM, Kim Y. Identification of a New Antimicrobial Agent against Bovine Mastitis-Causing Staphylococcus aureus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9968-9978. [PMID: 34406764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus RF122 is a major pathogen that causes bovine mastitis, which is the most prevalent and costly disease in the milk and dairy industry. S. aureus expresses various virulence factors that are especially highly associated with iron metabolism, and the bacterial ferrous iron transport system Feo is important for bacterial growth or virulence in mammalian hosts. In this study, we evaluated a new antimicrobial agent, PHT-427, targeting the S. aureus RF122 Feo system for the prevention of bovine mastitis. Various analyses on in vitro enzymatic assays, growth inhibition, virulence expressions, and toxicity of animal model systems were conducted to characterize the inhibition properties of PHT-427. This small molecule efficiently inhibited enzyme activity of FeoB and bacterial growth. PHT-427 attenuated various virulence factors related to milk quality, including staphyloxanthin production, biofilm formation, and coagulation. Considering the high frequency of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus in bovine mastitis isolates, PHT-427 synergistically enhanced bacterial antibiotic susceptibility and further inhibited global Gram-positive bacterial growth. Unlike its effects on bacteria, the inhibitor did not show any toxicity on animal model systems. These results indicate that the S. aureus Feo system represents a good target for antimicrobial strategies, and this new antimicrobial agent may represent a promising biotechnological application for preventing S. aureus-induced bovine mastitis in the milk and dairy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhye Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Daye Mun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooah Kim
- Department of Environment Science & Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Shelley M Payne
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, College of Natural Science, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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29
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The Effect of Probiotics on Health Outcomes in the Elderly: A Systematic Review of Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Studies. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061344. [PMID: 34205818 PMCID: PMC8234958 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that probiotic supplementation may be efficacious in counteracting age-related shifts in gut microbiota composition and diversity, thereby impacting health outcomes and promoting healthy aging. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with probiotics in healthy older adults have utilized a wide variety of strains and focused on several different outcomes with conflicting results. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to determine which outcomes have been investigated in randomized controlled trials with probiotic supplementation in healthy older adults and what has been the effect of these interventions. For inclusion, studies reporting on randomized controlled trials with probiotic and synbiotic supplements in healthy older adults (defined as minimum age of 60 years) were considered. Studies reporting clinical trials in specific patient groups or unhealthy participants were excluded. In addition to assessment of eligibility and data extraction, each study was examined for risk of bias and quality assessment was performed by two independent reviewers. Due to the heterogeneity of outcomes, strains, study design, duration, and methodology, we did not perform any meta-analyses and instead provided a narrative overview of the outcomes examined. Of 1997 potentially eligible publications, 17 studies were included in this review. The risk of bias was low, although several studies failed to adequately describe random sequence generation, allocation concealment, and blinding. The overall study quality was high; however, many studies did not include sample calculations, and the majority of studies had a small sample size. The main outcomes examined in the trials included microbiota composition, immune-related measurements, digestive health, general well-being, cognitive function, and lipid and other biomarkers. The most commonly assessed outcome with the most consistent effect was microbiota composition; all but one study with this outcome showed significant effects on gut microbiota composition in healthy older adults. Overall, probiotic supplementation had modest effects on markers of humoral immunity, immune cell population levels and activity, as well as the incidence and duration of the common cold and other infections with some conflicting results. Digestive health, general-well-being, cognitive function, and lipid and other biomarkers were investigated in a very small number of studies; therefore, the impact on these outcomes remains inconclusive. Probiotics appear to be efficacious in modifying gut microbiota composition in healthy older adults and have moderate effects on immune function. However, the effect of probiotic supplementation on other health outcomes remains inconclusive, highlighting the need for more well-designed, sufficiently-powered studies to investigate if and the mechanisms by which probiotics impact healthy aging.
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30
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In-vitro study of Limosilactobacillus fermentum PCC adhesion to and integrity of the Caco-2 cell monolayers as affected by pectins. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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31
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Chen M, Qin Y, Deng F, Zhou H, Wang R, Li P, Liu Y, Jiang L. Illumina MiSeq sequencing reveals microbial community succession in salted peppers with different salinity during preservation. Food Res Int 2021; 143:110234. [PMID: 33992347 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chopped pepper is one of the traditional fermented pepper products in China. At present, the industrial production method is mainly to preserve the peppers with high salt about 1 year, and then make the product after desalination and seasoning when it is processed. However, the composition and succession of the bacterial community involved in the long-term preservation of salted pepper was complex. In this study, Illumina Miseq sequencing technology was used to reveal the succession in the bacterial community structure of different salted pepper within 10 months of preservation. The results showed that Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were dominant bacteria in all samples at the Phylum level. At the Genus level, among fresh unsalted capsicum, Fructobacillus (44.66%), Enterobacteriaceae unclassified (26.78%), Leuconostoc (12.04%) and Lactococcus (8.45%) had relatively high abundance. Enterobacteriaceae unclassified, Lactobacillus, Marinospirillum and Halomonas were identified as the main dominant bacteria in the samples with 6%-12% (w/w) salinity, and Enterobacteriaceae unclassified mainly appeared in the early stage of preservation. In 15% and 18%(w/w) salinity samples, with the increase of preservation time, the dominant genus was changed from Enterobacteriaceae unclassified to Chromohalobacterter, Tetragenococcus, Halomonas, Halovibrio, etc., while the relative abundance of Lactobacillus remained at an extremely low level. The bacterial structure of 6% (w/w) salinity samples changed significantly during preservation, while the distribution in PCoA analysis of salinity samples of 9% was similar to that of 12%. In the high-salinity samples (15%-18%), the composition of the community was highly similar in 0-6 months, but the composition changed significantly with the increase of the preservation time and the growth of halophilic bacteria (p < 0.01). Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate that Lactobacillus exhibited a negative correlation with salinity (p < 0.01). And the salinity had a positive correlation with both the species richness and evenness in the samples, which might be the key factor for the change of the microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjuan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeyou Qin
- Hunan tantanxiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangming Deng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Pao Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China.
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