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Burakowski M, Holewa P, Mrowiński P, Sakanas A, Musiał A, Sȩk G, Yvind K, Semenova E, Syperek M. Heterogeneous integration of single InAs/InP quantum dots with the SOI chip using direct bonding. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:10874-10886. [PMID: 38570950 DOI: 10.1364/oe.515223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Quantum information processing with photons in small-footprint and highly integrated silicon-based photonic chips requires incorporating non-classical light sources. In this respect, self-assembled III-V semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are an attractive solution, however, they must be combined with the silicon platform. Here, by utilizing the large-area direct bonding technique, we demonstrate the hybridization of InP and SOI chips, which allows for coupling single photons to the SOI chip interior, offering cost-effective scalability in setting up a multi-source environment for quantum photonic chips. We fabricate devices consisting of self-assembled InAs QDs embedded in the tapered InP waveguide (WG) positioned over the SOI-defined Si WG. Focusing on devices generating light in the telecom C-band compatible with the low-loss optical fiber networks, we demonstrate the light coupling between InP and SOI platforms by observing photons outcoupled at the InP-made circular Bragg grating outcoupler fabricated at the end of an 80 µm-long Si WG, and at the cleaved edge of the Si WG. Finally, for a device with suppressed multi-photon generation events exhibiting 80% single photon generation purity, we measure the photon number outcoupled at the cleaved facet of the Si WG. We estimate the directional on-chip photon coupling between the source and the Si WG to 5.1%.
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2
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Cao X, Yang J, Fandrich T, Zhang Y, Rugeramigabo EP, Brechtken B, Haug RJ, Zopf M, Ding F. A Solid-State Source of Single and Entangled Photons at Diamond SiV-Center Transitions Operating at 80K. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37378494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale quantum networks require the implementation of long-lived quantum memories as stationary nodes interacting with qubits of light. Epitaxially grown quantum dots hold great potential for the on-demand generation of single and entangled photons with high purity and indistinguishability. Coupling these emitters to memories with long coherence times enables the development of hybrid nanophotonic devices that incorporate the advantages of both systems. Here we report the first GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dots grown by the droplet etching and nanohole infilling method, emitting single photons with a narrow wavelength distribution (736.2 ± 1.7 nm) close to the zero-phonon line of silicon-vacancy centers. Polarization entangled photons are generated via the biexciton-exciton cascade with a fidelity of (0.73 ± 0.09). High single photon purity is maintained from 4 K (g(2)(0) = 0.07 ± 0.02) up to 80 K (g(2)(0) = 0.11 ± 0.01), therefore making this hybrid system technologically attractive for real-world quantum photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cao
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstraße 2, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jingzhong Yang
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstraße 2, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tom Fandrich
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstraße 2, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yiteng Zhang
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstraße 2, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Eddy P Rugeramigabo
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstraße 2, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Benedikt Brechtken
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstraße 2, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rolf J Haug
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstraße 2, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Laboratorium für Nano- und Quantenengineering, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 39, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Zopf
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstraße 2, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Fei Ding
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstraße 2, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Laboratorium für Nano- und Quantenengineering, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 39, 30167, Hannover, Germany
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Laferriére P, Haffouz S, Northeast DB, Poole PJ, Williams RL, Dalacu D. Position-Controlled Telecom Single Photon Emitters Operating at Elevated Temperatures. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:962-968. [PMID: 36706023 PMCID: PMC9912373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A key resource in quantum-secured communication protocols are single photon emitters. For long-haul optical networks, it is imperative to use photons at wavelengths compatible with telecom single mode fibers. We demonstrate high purity single photon emission at 1.31 μm using deterministically positioned InP photonic waveguide nanowires containing single InAsP quantum dot-in-a-rod structures. At excitation rates that saturate the emission, we obtain a single photon collection efficiency at first lens of 27.6% and a probability of multiphoton emission of g(2)(0) = 0.021. We have also evaluated the performance of the source as a function of temperature. Multiphoton emission probability increases with temperature with values of 0.11, 0.34, and 0.57 at 77, 220 and 300 K, respectively, which is attributed to an overlap of temperature-broadened excitonic emission lines. These results are a promising step toward scalably fabricating telecom single photon emitters that operate under relaxed cooling requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Laferriére
- National
Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
- University
of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Sofiane Haffouz
- National
Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
| | | | - Philip J. Poole
- National
Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Robin L. Williams
- National
Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Dan Dalacu
- National
Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
- University
of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
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Cosacchi M, Seidelmann T, Cygorek M, Vagov A, Reiter DE, Axt VM. Accuracy of the Quantum Regression Theorem for Photon Emission from a Quantum Dot. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:100402. [PMID: 34533331 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.100402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The quantum regression theorem (QRT) is the most widely used tool for calculating multitime correlation functions for the assessment of quantum emitters. It is an approximate method based on a Markov assumption for environmental coupling. In this Letter we quantify properties of photons emitted from a single quantum dot coupled to phonons. For the single-photon purity and the indistinguishability, we compare numerically exact path-integral results with those obtained from the QRT. It is demonstrated that the QRT systematically overestimates the influence of the environment for typical quantum dots used in quantum information technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cosacchi
- Theoretische Physik III, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - T Seidelmann
- Theoretische Physik III, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - M Cygorek
- Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - A Vagov
- Theoretische Physik III, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - D E Reiter
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie, Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - V M Axt
- Theoretische Physik III, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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