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Zhou L, Gan Y, Wu Y, Xue D, Hu J, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Ma S, Zhou J, Luo G, Peng D, Qian W. Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging in the Surgical Management of Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:3309-3320. [PMID: 38021421 PMCID: PMC10657744 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s413266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging has been used in the resection surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy of many tumors. The aim of the present study is to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of ICG fluorescence imaging used for guiding the biopsy and resection of skin squamous cell carcinoma (SSCC). Methods Sixty patients were enrolled, including 18 patients of suspected SSCC and 42 patients of diagnosed SSCC on admission. The ICG fluorescence imaging-guided skin biopsy was performed preoperatively in the 18 cases of suspected SSCC. Fifty-three patients underwent ICG fluorescence imaging-guided radical excision. Results The results showed that 138 skin tissue samples in 60 patients with preoperative or intraoperative ICG fluorescence imaging-guide biopsy were collected. For a total number of 138 biopsies, 122 specimens were squamous cell carcinoma, and the accuracy rate was 88.4%, which was significantly higher than that of the group without preoperative ICG fluorescence imaging (41/62, 66.1%, P < 0.05). Fifty-three patients underwent surgery guided with ICG fluorescence imaging. Residual fluorescent signals in 24 patients were intraoperatively found and the excision was then expanded until the signals disappeared. Follow-up to November 2022, 12 patients died, of which 5 cases died from the tumor recurrence, and the others died due to advanced ages or other reasons. The recurrence rate was 9.4%, which was not significantly different from that of the group received routine radical resection (4/35, 11.4%, P > 0.05). Moreover, sentinel lymph nodes were successfully detected under ICG fluorescence imaging in the 4 patients with suspected lymph node metastases, and the location of lymph nodes can be precisely identified. Conclusion ICG fluorescence imaging technique can guide the pathology biopsy to improve the accuracy of pathological examination, and help to identify the boundaries of tumor tissues and sentinel lymph nodes to resect tumor radically during operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhou
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Gan
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Wu
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Xue
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Hu
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yilan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head and Neck Surgery, Army Medical Center of PLA/Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Urology, Urology Institute of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Ma
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junyi Zhou
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daizhi Peng
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Qian
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China
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Farhana A. Enhancing Skin Cancer Immunotheranostics and Precision Medicine through Functionalized Nanomodulators and Nanosensors: Recent Development and Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3493. [PMID: 36834917 PMCID: PMC9959821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cancers, especially melanomas, present a formidable diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the scientific community. Currently, the incidence of melanomas shows a high increase worldwide. Traditional therapeutics are limited to stalling or reversing malignant proliferation, increased metastasis, or rapid recurrence. Nonetheless, the advent of immunotherapy has led to a paradigm shift in treating skin cancers. Many state-of-art immunotherapeutic techniques, namely, active vaccination, chimeric antigen receptors, adoptive T-cell transfer, and immune checkpoint blockers, have achieved a considerable increase in survival rates. Despite its promising outcomes, current immunotherapy is still limited in its efficacy. Newer modalities are now being explored, and significant progress is made by integrating cancer immunotherapy with modular nanotechnology platforms to enhance its therapeutic efficacy and diagnostics. Research on targeting skin cancers with nanomaterial-based techniques has been much more recent than other cancers. Current investigations using nanomaterial-mediated targeting of nonmelanoma and melanoma cancers are directed at augmenting drug delivery and immunomodulation of skin cancers to induce a robust anticancer response and minimize toxic effects. Many novel nanomaterial formulations are being discovered, and clinical trials are underway to explore their efficacy in targeting skin cancers through functionalization or drug encapsulation. The focus of this review rivets on theranostic nanomaterials that can modulate immune mechanisms toward protective, therapeutic, or diagnostic approaches for skin cancers. The recent breakthroughs in nanomaterial-based immunotherapeutic modulation of skin cancer types and diagnostic potentials in personalized immunotherapies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Farhana
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Aljouf 72388, Saudi Arabia
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Continuous intraoperative perfusion monitoring of free microvascular anastomosed fasciocutaneous flaps using remote photoplethysmography. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1532. [PMID: 36707664 PMCID: PMC9883527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28277-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Flap loss through limited perfusion remains a major complication in reconstructive surgery. Continuous monitoring of perfusion will facilitate early detection of insufficient perfusion. Remote or imaging photoplethysmography (rPPG/iPPG) as a non-contact, non-ionizing, and non-invasive monitoring technique provides objective and reproducible information on physiological parameters. The aim of this study is to establish rPPG for intra- and postoperative monitoring of flap perfusion in patients undergoing reconstruction with free fasciocutaneous flaps (FFCF). We developed a monitoring algorithm for flap perfusion, which was evaluated in 15 patients. For 14 patients, ischemia of the FFCF in the forearm and successful reperfusion of the implanted FFCF was quantified based on the local signal. One FFCF showed no perfusion after reperfusion and devitalized in the course. Intraoperative monitoring of perfusion with rPPG provides objective and reproducible results. Therefore, rPPG is a promising technology for standard flap perfusion monitoring on low costs without the need for additional monitoring devices.
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Rasmussen SM, Nielsen T, Hager H, Schousboe LP. Spatial analysis of photoplethysmography in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7318. [PMID: 35513459 PMCID: PMC9072381 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10924-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary treatment of the common malignancy squamous cell carcinoma is surgical removal. In this process, sufficient tissue removal is balanced against unnecessary mutilation. We recently presented a remote photoplethysmography algorithm, which revealed significant differences between processed video recordings of cancer biopsy areas and surrounding tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate whether spatial analyses of photoplethysmography data correlate with post-excision pathological analyses and thus have potential to assist in tumour delineation. Based on high speed video recordings of 11 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, we examined different parameters derived from temporal remote photoplethysmography variations. Signal characteristics values in sites matching histological sections were compared with pathological measures. Values were ranked and statistically tested with a Kendall correlation analysis. A moderate, negative correlation was found between signal oscillations and the width and transversal area of squamous cell carcinoma in the frequencies below 1 Hz and specifically from 0.02 to 0.15 Hz. We have presented a correlation between frequency content and prevalence of cancer based on regular video recordings of squamous cell carcinoma. We believe this is supported by published findings on malignant melanoma. Our findings indicate that photoplethysmography can be used to distinguish SCC from healthy skin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Nielsen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Henrik Hager
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Vejle Hospital, 7100, Vejle, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lars Peter Schousboe
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southdanish University Hospital, 7100, Vejle, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark
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Zhang C, Zhu X, Hou S, Pan W, Liao W. Functionalization of Nanomaterials for Skin Cancer Theranostics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:887548. [PMID: 35557870 PMCID: PMC9086318 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.887548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer has drawn attention for the increasing incident rates and high morbidity worldwide. Timely diagnosis and efficient treatment are of paramount importance for prompt and effective therapy. Thus, the development of novel skin cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies is of great significance for both fundamental research and clinical practice. Recently, the emerging field of nanotechnology has profoundly impact on early diagnosis and better treatment planning of skin cancer. In this review, we will discuss the current encouraging advances in functional nanomaterials for skin cancer theranostics. Challenges in the field and safety concerns of nanomaterials will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinlin Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuming Hou
- Orthopaedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wanqing Liao, ; Weihua Pan,
| | - Wanqing Liao
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wanqing Liao, ; Weihua Pan,
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