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Abdou TS, Khamas SK. A Multiband Millimeter-Wave Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna with Omnidirectional Radiation Using a Planar Feed. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1774. [PMID: 37763937 PMCID: PMC10537064 DOI: 10.3390/mi14091774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a millimeter-wave (mmWave) dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with an omnidirectional pattern is presented for the first time. A key feature of the proposed design is the utilization of a planar feed network to achieve omnidirectional radiation from a rectangular DRA, which has not been reported previously in the open literature. In addition, the proposed antenna offers multiband operation with different types of radiation patterns. The degenerate TE121/TE211 modes were excited at 28.5 GHz with an overall internal electromagnetic field distribution that was similar to that of the HEM21δ mode of a cylindrical DRA. The achieved omnidirectional bandwidth and gain were 1.9% and 4.3 dBi, respectively. Moreover, broadside radiation was achieved by exciting the TE111 fundamental mode at 17.5 GHz together with the resonance of the feeding ring-slot at 23 GHz. The triple-band operation offers a highly versatile antenna that can be utilized in on-body and off-body communications. Furthermore, the proposed design was validated through measurements, demonstrating good agreement with simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salam K. Khamas
- Communications Research Group, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK;
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Analysis and design of ultra-wideband PRGW hybrid coupler using PEC/PMC waveguide model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14214. [PMID: 35987822 PMCID: PMC9392731 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18343-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a new method to facilitate the design of Printed Ridge Gap Waveguide (PRGW) structures is introduced. One of the main difficulties in designing such structures is related to their simulation process which is really time and energy-consuming. Therefore, a suitable boundary condition is considered to bring about the primary structure without involving the bed of nails or mushroom unit cells. Using this technique, a wideband PRGW 3 dB hybrid double-box coupler is designed to serve in mm-wave frequencies at a center frequency of 30 GHz, which can be deployed for the next generation of mobile communication. The designed coupler provides a wide matching and isolation bandwidth with low output amplitude imbalance, which is unique in comparison with current couplers. The prototype of the proposed coupler is fabricated and measured where the simulation and measurement results show a good agreement indicating the strength of the proposed method in PRGW structure design as well. The measured results show the couplers achieve better than 10-dB return loss and isolation over the frequency range from 25 to 40 GHz (46% BW) with the power-split unbalance and phase error within ± 1 dB and ± 5°, respectively. In addition, square mushrooms are chosen here to satisfy the high impedance surface. Not only do they bring about larger stop bandwidth, but also their configuration facilitates the arrangement of them around the coupler. The proposed design has superb characteristics such as low profile, low loss, and easy integration with microwave circuits and systems that can be suitable for designing mm-wave beamforming networks.
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Hannan S, Islam MT, Soliman MS, Faruque MRI, Misran N, Islam MS. A co-polarization-insensitive metamaterial absorber for 5G n78 mobile devices at 3.5 GHz to reduce the specific absorption rate. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11193. [PMID: 35778453 PMCID: PMC9249790 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15221-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific absorption rate (SAR) by next-generation 5G mobile devices has become a burning question among engineers worldwide. 5G communication devices will be famous worldwide due to high-speed data transceiving, IoT-based mass applications, etc. Many antenna systems are being proposed for such mobile devices, but SAR is found at a higher rate that requires reduced for human health. This paper presents a metamaterial absorber (MMA) for SAR reduction from 5G n78 mobile devices at 3.5 GHz. The MMA is co-polarization insensitive at all possible incident angles to ensure absorption of unnecessary EM energies obeying the Poynting theorem for energy conservation and thus ensuring smooth communication by the devices. The unit cell size of the absorber is 0.114 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\lambda$$\end{document}λ making it design efficient for array implementation into mobile devices. This absorber has achieved a minimum of 33% reduction of SAR by applying to the 5G n78 mobile phone model, equivalent to SAR by GSM/LTE/UMTS band mobile phones and making it suitable for SAR reduction from next-generation 5G mobile devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Hannan
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Department of Electronic and Telecommunication Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh.
| | - Mohammad Tariqul Islam
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohamed S Soliman
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | | | - Norbahiah Misran
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Md Shabiul Islam
- Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University (MMU), 63100, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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