1
|
Liaqat R, Fatima S, Komal W, Minahal Q, Hussain AS. Dietary supplementation of methionine, lysine, and tryptophan as possible modulators of growth, immune response, and disease resistance in striped catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus). PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301205. [PMID: 38625974 PMCID: PMC11020371 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the potential role of different essential amino acids (AA) in striped catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus). Fish (initial weight = 17.91±0.27 g, n = 260) were fed with eight isonitrogenous (30%), and isolipidic diets (6%) formulated to include different combinations of tryptophan (Trp), methionine (Met), and lysine (Lys) (T0: Zero AA, T1: Trp, T2: Lys, T3: Met, T4: Trp+Met, T5: Lys+Trp, T6: Met+Lys, T7: Lys+Trp+Met) for eight weeks. The dose of amino acid supplementation, whether individually or in combination, was 5g of each amino acid per kg of diet. The trial comprised eight treatments, with each treatment consisted of three replicates (n = 10/replicate). At the end of the growth experiment, the highest total body weight, crude protein, digestive enzymatic activity, immune response, and amino acids level were observed in treatments supplemented with amino acids compared to T0. After the growth experiment, fish in all treatments were exposed to Staphylococcus aureus (5×105 CFU/ml). For bacterial challenge trial, the T0 treatment was designated as positive (+ve T0) and negative control (-ve T0). Following the S. aureus challenge, fish fed with amino acids showed a better response to reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation, as indicated by the increased levels of catalase and superoxide dismutase. Conversely, the concentration of malondialdehyde gradually decreased in all treatments compared to the +ve T0 treatment. It is concluded that supplementation of amino acids improved the growth, protein content, and immunocompetency against S. aureus in striped catfish. The most favorable outcomes in striped catfish were shown by fish supplemented with T7 diet. These essential amino acids hold potential as efficient supplements for use in the intensive aquaculture for striped catfish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Razia Liaqat
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shafaq Fatima
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Wajeeha Komal
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Qandeel Minahal
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Aya S. Hussain
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang S, Wang C, Liu S, Wang Y, Lu S, Han S, Jiang H, Liu H, Yang Y. Effect of dietary phenylalanine on growth performance and intestinal health of triploid rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) in low fishmeal diets. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1008822. [PMID: 36960199 PMCID: PMC10028192 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1008822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of phenylalanine on the growth, digestive capacity, antioxidant capability, and intestinal health of triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed a low fish meal diet (15%). Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets with different dietary phenylalanine levels (1.82, 2.03, 2.29, 2.64, and 3.01%) were fed to triplicate groups of 20 fish (initial mean body weight of 36.76 ± 3.13 g). The weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the 3.01% group. The trypsin activity in the 2.03% group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05). Amylase activity peaked in the 2.64% treatment group. Serum superoxide dismutase, catalase, and lysozyme had the highest values in the 2.03% treatment group. Liver superoxide dismutase and catalase reached their maximum values in the 2.03% treatment group, and lysozyme had the highest value in the 2.29% treatment group. Malondialdehyde levels in both the liver and serum were at their lowest in the 2.29% treatment group. Interleukin factors IL-1β and IL-6 both reached a minimum in the 2.03% group and were significantly lower than in the control group, while IL-10 reached a maximum in the 2.03% group (p < 0.05). The tight junction protein-related genes occludin, claudin-1, and ZO-1 all attained their highest levels in the 2.03% treatment group and were significantly higher compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The intestinal villi length and muscle layer thickness were also improved in the 2.03% group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary phenylalanine effectively improved the growth, digestion, absorption capacity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health of O. mykiss. Using a quadratic curve model analysis based on WGR, the dietary phenylalanine requirement of triploid O. mykiss fed a low fish meal diet (15%) was 2.13%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuze Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
- College of Animal Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chang’an Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
- College of Animal Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Chang’an Wang,
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Yaling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoxia Lu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Shicheng Han
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Haibo Jiang
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hongbai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
- Hongbai Liu,
| | - Yuhong Yang
- College of Animal Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Yuhong Yang,
| |
Collapse
|