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Ai GY, Zhou Z, Huang Z, Zhong J, Liu S, Liu W, Pang X, Zhu W. The value of 3D printing model combined PCNL in kidney stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Minerva Urol Nephrol 2024; 76:389-398. [PMID: 39051888 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6051.24.05720-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the continuous advancement of medical imaging, 3D printing technology is emerging. This technology allows for the representation of complex objects in a model form. This research aims to delve into the irreplaceable value of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in conjunction with 3D printed models in urinary stone surgery. This forward-looking approach provides doctors with a new perspective, enabling them to plan and execute surgeries with greater precision, ultimately delivering a safer and more efficient treatment experience for patients. We evaluated the literature on PCNL for the kidney stones with the introduction of 3D printing models and conducted a meta-analysis. The assessed parameters included stone clearance rate, operation time, hospital stay, blood loss, puncture accuracy, and the rate of complications. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We systematically searched the EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, SCIE, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Search databases for articles related to PCNL (Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy) with 3D printing models from January 2000 to January 2023. Data were managed and screened using Excel . Meta-analysis was performed for operation time, stone clearance rate, blood loss, puncture accuracy, length of hospital stay, and complications in PCNL combined with 3D printing model for kidney stone treatment. The quality of included articles was assessed using the risk of bias tool by the Cochrane Collaboration. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the reliability of the results. Data were recorded using StataSE 17 software, and publication bias was examined using Egger's linear regression test. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS We followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines to conduct a systematic search and screening of literature relevant to the use of 3D printed models in the treatment of kidney stones. We conducted an extensive literature search across several major academic databases, including EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, SCIE, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Search databases, to ensure comprehensive coverage of relevant studies. Following the PRISMA process of screening and analysis, we ultimately included 10 randomized controlled trials with a combined sample of 608 for systematic review. CONCLUSIONS Across these studies, we identified the introduction of 3D printing models prior to surgery for kidney stones resulted in significant advantages for the experimental group compared to the control group in terms of operation time, stone clearance rates, puncture accuracy, hospital stay, blood loss, and the incidence of complications, providing valuable insights for further research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Y Ai
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhicong Huang
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhong
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shusheng Liu
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijie Liu
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuliang Pang
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China -
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Luo H, Yuan Y, Shi H, Hu C, Hu X, Luo L, Wang C, Luo P, Wang L. Development of a novel percutaneous digital flexible nephroscope: its use and application. BMC Urol 2024; 24:153. [PMID: 39068429 PMCID: PMC11282709 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-024-01547-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal calculi are one of the most frequent diseases in urology, and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) being the gold standard for treating renal calculi larger than 2 cm. However, traditional rigid nephroscope cannot bend, presents significant limitations during PCNL. This study aims to develop a novel digital flexible nephroscope for PCNL and verify its safety and efficacy using 3D printed models and ex vivo porcine kidney models, providing new equipment for PCNL. METHODS Based on the determined technical parameters, the novel digital flexible nephroscope was manufactured. First, 3D-printed model and ex vivo porcine kidney models were utilized to simulate the PCNL procedures. Then, the traditional rigid nephroscope and the novel digital flexible nephroscope were utilized to simulate the PCNL procedures on 10 ex vivo porcine kidneys for comparison. We observed and recorded the renal calyces visualized and accessed by both the traditional rigid nephroscope and the novel digital flexible nephroscope. RESULTS In both the 3D printing and ex vivo porcine kidney models, the novel percutaneous digital flexible nephroscope smoothly entered the renal collecting system through the percutaneous renal tract. It freely changed angles to reach most target calyces, demonstrating significant advantages over the traditional rigid nephroscope. CONCLUSION The successful development of the novel percutaneous digital flexible nephroscope allows it to be used either independently or as an adjunct in complex stone cases, providing more effective and safer surgical equipment for percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Luo
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Huangshi, Huangshi, 435000, China.
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Urology, Wuhan Third Hospital and Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Haibo Shi
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Huangshi, Huangshi, 435000, China
| | - Chuanqing Hu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Huangshi, Huangshi, 435000, China
| | - Xun Hu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Huangshi, Huangshi, 435000, China
| | - Linlin Luo
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Huangshi, Huangshi, 435000, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Huangshi, Huangshi, 435000, China
| | - Pengcheng Luo
- Department of Urology, Wuhan Third Hospital and Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Tatanis V, Cracco CM, Liatsikos E. Advances in percutaneous renal puncture: a comprehensive review of the literature. Curr Opin Urol 2023; 33:116-121. [PMID: 36305308 DOI: 10.1097/mou.0000000000001059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) constitutes the gold standard procedure for patients suffering from more than 2 cm renal stones. The puncture is a very critical step of PCNL, affecting manoeuvrability of the nephroscope, possibility to remove stone fragments, risk of bleeding and radiation exposure. The aim of the current review was to discuss the advances in percutaneous renal puncture. RECENT FINDINGS Following technological evolution in medicine, there was a consistent development in the puncture techniques, aiming at the improvement of its efficacy and safety. The use of specific agents can improve ultrasonic guidance, making the challenging step of gaining access to the kidney easier for the experienced surgeon and more accessible for the resident urologist. Future developments in the electromagnetic and three-dimensional (3D) technology may establish a high level of accuracy with decreased rates of related complications, even in the hands of beginners. SUMMARY The advances in percutaneous puncture can lead to improved safety and accuracy of this procedure decreasing the radiation exposure and the complication rate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Evangelos Liatsikos
- Department of Urology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Wang B, Yang L, Yuan J, Qin W, Wu P, Yang X, Hou G, Yu M, Gong X, Xu Z, Qin J, Gao X, Ma S, Wang F. Percutaneous nephroscopy combined with the laser used for right kidney bullet extraction: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32841. [PMID: 36820590 PMCID: PMC9907987 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Wounds caused by firearms are intractable problems in treating war traumas and clinical management. Conventional open surgery inflicts large injury and leads to slow recovery. At the same time, most patients suffer from compound injuries with the critical condition and poor operation tolerance. Thus, it is crucial to probe into the minimally invasive surgical removal of residual kidney bullets. PATIENT CONCERNS We report a case where a bullet remained in the right renal parenchyma on the patient, with penetrating injury in his liver. DIAGNOSIS Obviously the patient has suffered gunshot wound with a bullet stuck in his kidney, while his liver function was impacted. INTERVENTIONS Six months after the injury, we performed the minimally-invasive procedures on the patient with percutaneous nephroscope technology and laser technology under the guidance of ultrasound localization. The bullet and ammunition granulation and scar surrounding tissue were fully removed. Intraoperative bleeding was little, while the incision was small. The patient could leave the bed and walk on the 1st postoperative day. The drainage tube was removed on the 3rd postoperative day, after which the patient was discharged on the 4th postoperative day. OUTCOMES The patient recovered well after surgery and was followed up for 5 years. The latest examination of his liver and kidney function was as follows: alanine aminotransferase 61IU/L, aspartate aminotransferase 33 IU/L, albumin/globulin 46.6/26.0, total bilirubin 19.1μmol/L, direct bilirubin 4.9μmol/L, indirect bilirubin 14.2μmol/L, alkaline phosphatase 111 IU/L, creatinine 57μmol/L, urea 5.16mmol/L, cystatin 0.73mg/L. The plain computed tomography scan showed a few calcifications in the liver and a patchy low-density shadow in the right kidney. It was proved that the liver and kidney function of the patient recovered well, and his living qualify has come back to the track, with no postoperative complications. LESSONS Innovative integration of percutaneous nephroscopy technology and laser was used to remove kidney foreign bodies and developed the optimal surgical plan, small trauma, fast recovery, and the treatment of kidney foreign bodies was newly explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolong Wang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jianlin Yuan
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weijun Qin
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaojian Yang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Guangdong Hou
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Ultrasound, Xi’an Daxing Hospital, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Xue Gong
- Department of Ultrasound, Xi’an Daxing Hospital, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhicheng Xu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jun Qin
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xuelin Gao
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shuaijun Ma
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fuli Wang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- * Correspondence: Fuli Wang, Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China (e-mail: )
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Nedbal C, Cerrato C, Jahrreiss V, Castellani D, Pietropaolo A, Galosi AB, Somani BK. The role of 'artificial intelligence, machine learning, virtual reality, and radiomics' in PCNL: a review of publication trends over the last 30 years. Ther Adv Urol 2023; 15:17562872231196676. [PMID: 37693931 PMCID: PMC10492475 DOI: 10.1177/17562872231196676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction We wanted to analyze the trend of publications in a period of 30 years from 1994 to 2023, on the application of 'artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), virtual reality (VR), and radiomics in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL)'. We conducted this study by looking at published papers associated with AI and PCNL procedures, including simulation training, with preoperative and intraoperative applications. Materials and Methods Although MeSH terms research on the PubMed database, we performed a comprehensive review of the literature from 1994 to 2023 for all published papers on 'AI, ML, VR, and radiomics' in 'PCNL', with papers in all languages included. Papers were divided into three 10-year periods: Period 1 (1994-2003), Period 2 (2004-2013), and Period 3 (2014-2023). Results Over a 30-year timeframe, 143 papers have been published on the subject with 116 (81%) published in the last decade, with a relative increase from Period 2 to Period 3 of +427% (p = 0.0027). There was a gradual increase in areas such as automated diagnosis of larger stones, automated intraoperative needle targeting, and VR simulators in surgical planning and training. This increase was most marked in Period 3 with automated targeting with 52 papers (45%), followed by the application of AI, ML, and radiomics in predicting operative outcomes (22%, n = 26) and VR for simulation (18%, n = 21). Papers on technological innovations in PCNL (n = 9), intelligent construction of personalized protocols (n = 6), and automated diagnosis (n = 2) accounted for 15% of publications. A rise in automated targeting for PCNL and PCNL training between Period 2 and Period 3 was +247% (p = 0.0055) and +200% (p = 0.0161), respectively. Conclusion An interest in the application of AI in PCNL procedures has increased in the last 30 years, and a steep rise has been witnessed in the last 10 years. As new technologies are developed, their application in devices for training and automated systems for precise renal puncture and outcome prediction seems to play a leading role in modern-day AI-based publication trends on PCNL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Nedbal
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Southampton, NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Clara Cerrato
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Southampton, NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Victoria Jahrreiss
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Southampton, NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniele Castellani
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Amelia Pietropaolo
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Southampton, NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Andrea Benedetto Galosi
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Bhaskar Kumar Somani
- Professor and Consultant Urological Surgeon, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Radiological imaging techniques and applications are constantly advancing. This review will examine modern imaging techniques in the diagnosis of urolithiasis and applications for surgical planning. RECENT FINDINGS The diagnosis of urolithiasis may be done via plain film X-ray, ultrasound (US), or contrast tomography (CT) scan. US should be applied in the workup of flank pain in emergency rooms and may reduce unnecessary radiation exposure. Low dose and ultra-low-dose CT remain the diagnostic standard for most populations but remain underutilized. Single and dual-energy CT provide three-dimensional imaging that can predict stone-specific parameters that help clinicians predict stone passage likelihood, identify ideal management techniques, and possibly reduce complications. Machine learning has been increasingly applied to 3-D imaging to support clinicians in these prognostications and treatment selection. SUMMARY The diagnosis and management of urolithiasis are increasingly personalized. Patient and stone characteristics will support clinicians in treatment decision, surgical planning, and counseling.
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Paraboschi I, Gnech M, De Marco EA, Minoli DG, Bebi C, Zanetti SP, Manzoni G, Montanari E, Berrettini A. Pediatric Urolithiasis: Current Surgical Strategies and Future Perspectives. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:886425. [PMID: 35757114 PMCID: PMC9218273 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.886425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
New technological innovations and cutting-edge techniques have led to important changes in the surgical management of pediatric urolithiasis. Miniaturized technologies and minimally invasive approaches have been increasingly used in children with urinary stones to minimize surgical complications and improve patient outcomes. Moreover, the new computer technologies of the digital era have been opening new horizons for the preoperative planning and surgical treatment of children with urinary calculi. Three-dimensional modeling reconstructions, virtual, augmented, and mixed reality are rapidly approaching the surgical practice, equipping surgeons with powerful instruments to enhance the real-time intraoperative visualization of normal and pathological structures. The broad range of possibilities offered by these technological innovations in the adult population finds increasing applications in pediatrics, offering a more detailed visualization of small anatomical structures. This review illustrates the most promising techniques and devices to enhance the surgical treatment of pediatric urolithiasis in children, aiming to favor an early adoption and to stimulate more research on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Paraboschi
- Pediatric Urology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Gnech
- Pediatric Urology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Erika Adalgisa De Marco
- Pediatric Urology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Guido Minoli
- Pediatric Urology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina Bebi
- Department of Urology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Paolo Zanetti
- Department of Urology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianantonio Manzoni
- Pediatric Urology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Montanari
- Department of Urology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alfredo Berrettini
- Pediatric Urology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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