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Hurtado-Gallego J, van der Poel S, Blaschke M, Gallego A, Hsu C, López-Nebreda R, Mayor M, Pauly F, Agraït N, van der Zant HSJ. Benchmarking break-junction techniques: electric and thermoelectric characterization of naphthalenophanes. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:10751-10759. [PMID: 38747099 PMCID: PMC11154865 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00704b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Break-junction techniques provide the possibility to study electric and thermoelectric properties of single-molecule junctions in great detail. These techniques rely on the same principle of controllably breaking metallic contacts in order to create single-molecule junctions, whilst keeping track of the junction's conductance. Here, we compare results from mechanically controllable break junction (MCBJ) and scanning tunneling microscope (STM) methods, while characterizing conductance properties of the same novel mechanosensitive para- and meta-connected naphtalenophane compounds. In addition, thermopower measurements are carried out for both compounds using the STM break junction (STM-BJ) technique. For the conductance experiments, the same data processing using a clustering analysis is performed. We obtain to a large extent similar results for both methods, although values of conductance and stretching lengths for the STM-BJ technique are slightly larger in comparison with the MCBJ. STM-BJ thermopower experiments show similar Seebeck coefficients for both compounds. An increase in the Seebeck coefficient is revealed, whilst the conductance decreases, after which it saturates at around 10 μV K-1. This phenomenon is studied theoretically using a tight binding model. It shows that changes of molecule-electrode electronic couplings combined with shifts of the resonance energies explain the correlated behavior of conductance and Seebeck coefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hurtado-Gallego
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sebastiaan van der Poel
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Matthias Blaschke
- Institute of Physics and Center for Advanced Analytics and Predictive Sciences, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Almudena Gallego
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Chunwei Hsu
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Rubén López-Nebreda
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marcel Mayor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
- Institute for Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P. O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510274, P. R. China
| | - Fabian Pauly
- Institute of Physics and Center for Advanced Analytics and Predictive Sciences, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Nicolás Agraït
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) and Instituto Universitario de Ciencia de Materiales 'Nicolás Cabrera' (INC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Herre S J van der Zant
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands.
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Korn S, Popp MA, Weber HB. A point-like thermal light source as a probe for sensing light-matter interaction. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4881. [PMID: 35318350 PMCID: PMC8941087 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07668-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, thermal radiation is related to 3D cavities. In practice, however, it is known that almost any hot surface radiates according to Planck’s law. This approximate universality roots in the smooth electromagnetic mode structure of free space, into which the radiation is emitted. Here, we study the effect for a strongly patterned mode structure and use quasi-transparent point-like thermal light emitters as a probe. As such, we choose current-driven graphene nanojunctions for which the emission into free space obeys Planck’s law. Placed in front of a mirror, however, this process is highly sensitive to a node/antinode pattern of light modes. By varying the distance, we can sample the latter with atomic precision, and observe a deep imprint on the observed spectrum. The experiment allows an unprecedented view on thermal radiation in a spatially/spectrally patterned electromagnetic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Korn
- Lehrstuhl Für Angewandte Physik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M A Popp
- Lehrstuhl Für Angewandte Physik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - H B Weber
- Lehrstuhl Für Angewandte Physik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
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