Hermann J, Schurgers L, Jankowski V. Identification and characterization of post-translational modifications: Clinical implications.
Mol Aspects Med 2022;
86:101066. [PMID:
35033366 DOI:
10.1016/j.mam.2022.101066]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) generate marginally modified isoforms of native peptides, proteins and lipoproteins thereby regulating protein functions, molecular interactions, and localization. With a key role in functional proteomics, post-translational modifications are recently also associated with the onsets and progressions of various diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic diseases. With the impact of post-translational modifications becoming increasingly clear, its reliable detection and quantification remain a major obstacle in the translation of these novel pathological markers into clinical diagnosis. While current antibody-based clinical diagnostics struggle to detect and quantify these marginal protein and lipoprotein alterations, state-of-the-art mass spectrometric, proteomic approaches provide the mass accuracy and resolving power necessary to isolate, identify and quantify novel and pathological post-translational modifications; however clinical translation of mass spectrometric applications are still facing major challenges. Here we review the status quo of the clinical translation of mass-spectrometric applications as novel diagnostic tools for the identification and quantification of post-translational modifications and focus on the emerging role of mass spectrometric methods in the clinical assessment of PTMs in disease states.
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