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Meng XJ, Wang LQ, Ma BG, Wei XH, Zhou Y, Sun ZX, Li YY. Screening, identification and evaluation of an acidophilic strain of Bacillus velezensis B4-7 for the biocontrol of tobacco bacterial wilt. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1360173. [PMID: 38751839 PMCID: PMC11094357 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1360173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is indeed a highly destructive plant disease, leading to substantial damage in tobacco production. While biological control is considered an effective measure for managing bacterial wilt, related research in this area has been relatively limited compared to other control methods. In order to discover new potential antagonistic bacteria with high biocontrol efficacy against tobacco bacterial wilt, we conducted an analysis of the microbial composition differences between disease-suppressive and disease-conducive soils using Illumina sequencing. As a result, we successfully isolated six strains from the disease-suppressive soil that exhibited antibacterial activity against Ralstonia solanacearum. Among these strains, B4-7 showed the strongest antibacterial activity, even at acidic conditions with a pH of 4.0. Based on genome analysis using Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI), B4-7 was identified as Bacillus velezensis. In greenhouse and field trials, strain B4-7 significantly reduced the disease index of tobacco bacterial wilt, with control efficiencies reaching 74.03% and 46.88% respectively. Additionally, B4-7 exhibited plant-promoting abilities that led to a 35.27% increase in tobacco production in field conditions. Quantitative real-time (qPCR) analysis demonstrated that strain B4-7 effectively reduced the abundance of R. solanacearum in the rhizosphere. Genome sequencing and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis revealed that strain B4-7 potentially produces various lipopeptide metabolites, such as microlactin, bacillaene, difficidin, bacilysin, and surfactin. Furthermore, B4-7 influenced the structure of the rhizosphere soil microbial community, increasing bacterial abundance and fungal diversity, while also promoting the growth of different beneficial microorganisms. In addition, B4-7 enhanced tobacco's resistance to R. solanacearum by increasing the activities of defense enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO). Collectively, these findings suggest that B. velezensis B4-7 holds significant biocontrol potential and can be considered a promising candidate strain for eco-friendly management of tobacco bacterial wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-jia Meng
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Lan-qin Wang
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Bai-ge Ma
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Xi-hong Wei
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Early Detection and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng-xiang Sun
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Early Detection and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yan-yan Li
- Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Jiao W, Wen J, Li N, Ou T, Qiu C, Ji Y, Lin K, Liu X, Xie J. The biocontrol potentials of rhizospheric bacterium Bacillus velezensis K0T24 against mulberry bacterial wilt disease. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:213. [PMID: 38616201 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03935-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Mulberry bacterial wilt disease, caused by Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum, is a devastating soil-borne disease in the silk-mulberry-related industry. In this study, through high-throughput sequencing, we compared the rhizosphere bacterial composition of the mulberry-resistant cultivar (K10) and susceptible cultivar (G12), confirming Bacillus as a genus-level biomarker for K10. Next, twelve Bacillus spp. isolates, derived from the rhizosphere of K10, were screened for their antagonistic activity against R. pseudosolanacearum. The isolate showing strong antagonism was identified as B. velezensis K0T24 and selected for further analysis. The fermentation supernatant of B. velezensis K0T24 significantly inhibited the growth of R. pseudosolanacearum (82.47%) and the expression of its pathogenic genes. Using B. velezensis K0T24 in mulberry seedlings also increased defense enzyme activities and achieved a control efficacy of up to 55.17% against mulberry bacterial wilt disease. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the potential of B. velezensis K0T24 in suppressing mulberry bacterial wilt disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlian Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ju Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ting Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Changyu Qiu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sericultural Genetic Improvement and Efficient Breeding, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Sericultural Technology Promotion Station, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530007, China
| | - Yutong Ji
- Westa College, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Kai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiaojiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Jie Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Westa College, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Ji S, Tian Y, Xu G, Chen Y, Li J, Long T, He W, Fan J, Tang X. Complete genome sequence analysis of Bacillus velezensis A5, a promising biocontrol agent from the Pacific Ocean. Mar Genomics 2024; 73:101087. [PMID: 38365347 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2024.101087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Tobacco bacterial wilt (TBW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a serious soil-borne disease, which seriously damages the growth of tobacco crops. Bacillus velezensis A5 was isolated from 3000 m deep-sea sediments of the Pacific Ocean, and was found to be antagonistic to TBW. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of strain A5, which has a 4,000,699-bp single circular chromosome with 3827 genes and a G + C content of 46.44%, 87 tRNAs, and 27 rRNAs. A total of 12 gene clusters were identified in the genome of strain A5, which were responsible for the biosynthesis of antibacterial compounds, including surfactin, bacillaene, fengycin, difficidin, bacillibactin, and bacilysin. Additionally, strain A5 was found to contain a series of genes related to the biosynthesis of carbohydrate-active enzymes and secreted proteins. Our results indicate that strain A5 can be considered a promising biocontrol agent against TBW in agricultural fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhua Ji
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Yin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Guangxin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Yiqiang Chen
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Teng Long
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Wei He
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Jianqiang Fan
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Xixiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
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Pino-Hurtado MS, Fernández-Fernández R, Torres C, Robredo B. Searching for Antimicrobial-Producing Bacteria from Soils through an Educational Project and Their Evaluation as Potential Biocontrol Agents. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 13:29. [PMID: 38247588 PMCID: PMC10812812 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious threat to public health due to the lack of effective drugs to combat infectious diseases, which generates the need to search for new antimicrobial substances. In this study, the potential of soil as a source of antimicrobial-producing bacteria (APB) was investigated and the importance of the connection between education and science was emphasized, using service-learning methodologies. Sixty-one soil samples were collected, and 1220 bacterial isolates were recovered. Eighteen of these isolates showed antimicrobial activity against at least 1 of the 12 indicator bacteria tested (including multidrug-resistant and relevant pathogens). The 18 APB were identified by MALDI-TOF and 6 different genera (Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Lysinobacillus, Peribacillus, Streptomyces, and Advenella) and 10 species were identified. The 18 APB were tested for antifungal activity against four phytopathogenic fungi (Botritis cynerea, Lecanicillium fungicola, Trichoderma harzianum, and Cladobotryum mycophilum). Moreover, the antibiotic susceptibility of APB was tested using the disk-diffusion method as well as their β-hemolytic activity (important safety criteria for potential future applications). A total of 10 of the 18 APB were able to inhibit at least 50% of indicator bacteria tested, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), among others. A total of 4 of the 18 APB (3 Bacillus pumilus and 1 Bacillus altitudinis) showed inhibitory activity against two of the four fungal pathogens tested (B. cinerea and L. fungicola), as well as against 5-7 of the 12 bacterial pathogen indicators; these 4 isolates showed susceptibility to the antibiotics tested and lacked β-hemolytic activity and were considered promising APB for use as potential biocontrol agents. In addition, one Brevibacillus laterosporus strain had activity against 83% of indicator bacteria tested including Escherichia coli, MRSA and other methicillin-resistant staphylococci, as well as vancomycin-resistant enterococci (but not against fungi). These results show that soil is a source of APB with relevant antibacterial and antifungal activities, and also emphasize the importance of education and science to raise public awareness of the AMR problem and the strategies to control it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Sergio Pino-Hurtado
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, OneHealth-UR Research Group, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (M.S.P.-H.); (R.F.-F.); (C.T.)
| | - Rosa Fernández-Fernández
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, OneHealth-UR Research Group, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (M.S.P.-H.); (R.F.-F.); (C.T.)
| | - Carmen Torres
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, OneHealth-UR Research Group, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (M.S.P.-H.); (R.F.-F.); (C.T.)
| | - Beatriz Robredo
- Area of Didactic of Experimental Sciences, OneHealth-UR Research Group, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
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Liao J, Liang X, Li H, Mo L, Mo R, Chen W, Wei Y, Wang T, Jiang W. Biocontrol ability of Bacillus velezensis T9 against Apiospora arundinis causing Apiospora mold on sugarcane. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1314887. [PMID: 38188586 PMCID: PMC10766759 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1314887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) may be infected with Apiospora, which can produce the toxin 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) during improper transportation and storage. The consumption of sugarcane that contains 3-NPA can lead to food poisoning. Therefore, this study sought to explore a novel biocontrol agent to prevent and control Apiospora mold. Bacteria were isolated from the soil of healthy sugarcane and identified as Bacillus velezensis T9 through colony morphological, physiological and biochemical characterization and molecular identification. The inhibitory effect of B. velezensis T9 on Apiospora mold on sugarcane was analyzed. Assays of the cell suspension of strain T9 and its cell-free supernatant showed that T9 had significant in vitro antifungal activities against Apiospora arundinis and thus, would be a likely antagonist. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that treatment with T9 significantly distorted the A. arundinis mycelia, perforated the membrane, contracted the vesicles, and decomposed most organelles into irregular fragments. A re-isolation experiment demonstrates the ability of T9 to colonize the sugarcane stems and survive in them. This strain can produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are remarkably strong inhibitors, and it can also form biofilms. Additionally, the cell-free supernatant significantly reduced the ability of A. arundinis to produce 3-NPA and completely inhibited its production at 10%. Therefore, strain T9 is effective at controlling A. arundinis and has the potential for further development as a fungal prevention agent for agricultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tianshun Wang
- Agro-Products Quality Safety and Testing Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Wenyan Jiang
- Agro-Products Quality Safety and Testing Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
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Ding J, Wang N, Liu P, Liu B, Zhu Y, Mao J, Wang Y, Ding X, Yang H, Wei Y, Li J, Ding GC. Bacterial wilt suppressive composts: Significance of rhizosphere microbiome. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 169:179-185. [PMID: 37453305 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Composts are often suppressive to several plant diseases, including the devastating bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Herein, we carried out an experiment with 38 composts collected from different factories in China to study the interlinking among bacterial wilt suppression, the physicochemical properties and bacterial community of the compost, and bacterial community in the rhizosphere of tomato fertilized by compost. Totally 26 composts were suppressive to bacterial wilt, while six composts stimulated the disease. The control efficiency was neither correlated with physicochemical properties (TC, TN, P and K, pH or GI) nor bacterial community of compost, but with rhizosphere bacterial community (r = 0.17, p = 0.016). The control efficiency was also positive correlated with taxa (Rhizobium, Aeromicrobium) known suppressive to R. solanacearum. The mushroom spent or cow manure, from which the two composts were 100% and 77% in control efficiencies against bacterial wilt respectively were subject to a pilot-scale composting reaction. The reproduced composts from mushroom spent or cow manure were only 57% and 23% effective on the control of bacterial wilt, respectively. The analysis of bacterial communities revealed that the relative abundances of R. solanacearum were 28.4% for the control, but only 7.8%-7.9% for compost fertilized tomatoes. The compost from mushroom spent also exerted a strong effect on rhizosphere bacterial community. Taken together, most composts were suppressive to bacterial wilt possibly also by modifying rhizosphere bacterial community towards inhibiting the colonization of R. solanacearum and selecting for beneficial genera of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ding
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, 215128 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, 215128 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pingping Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, 215128 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Baoju Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, 215128 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuelin Zhu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Jing Mao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, 215128 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ding
- Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, 215128 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hefa Yang
- Quzhou Experimental Station, China Agricultural University, 057250 Hebei Province, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, 215128 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ji Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, 215128 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guo-Chun Ding
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, 215128 Jiangsu Province, China.
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Shen Y, Zhao J, Zou X, Shi Z, Liao Y, He Y, Wang H, Chen Q, Yang P, Li M. Differential Responses of Bacterial and Fungal Communities to Siderophore Supplementation in Soil Affected by Tobacco Bacterial Wilt ( Ralstonia solanacearum). Microorganisms 2023; 11:1535. [PMID: 37375037 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Siderophores secreted by microorganisms can promote ecological efficiency and could be used to regulate the unbalanced microbial community structure. The influence of the siderophore activity of Trichoderma yunnanense strain 2-14F2 and Beauveria pseudobassiana strain (2-8F2) on the physiological/biochemical functions and community structure of soil microbes affected by tobacco bacterial wilt (TBW) was studied. DNS Colorimetry and Biolog-eco plates were used to quantify the impacts of strain siderophores on soil enzyme activities and microbial metabolism. Based on Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing, the soil 16S rDNA and ITS sequences were amplified to dissect the response characteristics of alpha/beta diversity and the structure/composition of a soil microbial community toward siderophores. The KEGG database was used to perform the PICRUSt functional prediction of the microbial community. We found that siderophores of 2-14F2 and 2-8F2, at certain concentrations, significantly increased the activities of sucrase (S-SC) and urease (S-UE) in the TBW soil and enhanced the average well color development (AWCD, carbon source utilization capacity) of the microbial community. The metabolic capacity of the diseased soil to amino acids, carbohydrates, polymers, aromatics, and carboxylic acids also increased significantly. The response of the bacterial community to siderophore active metabolites was more significant in alpha diversity, while the beta diversity of the fungal community responded more positively to siderophores. The relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria increased and was accompanied by reductions in Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. LEfSe analysis showed that Pseudonocardiaceae, Gemmatimonas, Castellaniella, Chloridiumand and Acrophialophora altered the most under different concentrations of siderophore active metabolites. The PICRUSt functional prediction results showed that siderophore increased the abundance of the redox-related enzymes of the microbial community in TBW soil. The BugBase phenotypic prediction results showed that the siderophore activity could decrease the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. The study concludes that siderophore activity could decrease the abundance of pathogenic bacteria and regulate the composition of the microbial community in TBW soil. The activities of sucrase (S-SC) and urease (S-UE) in TBW soil were significantly increased. Overall, the siderophore regulation of community structures is a sustainable management strategy for soil ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxin Shen
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 655508, China
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
| | - Jiangyuan Zhao
- Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Xuefeng Zou
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 655508, China
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
| | - Zhufeng Shi
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
| | - Yongqin Liao
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 655508, China
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
| | - Yonghong He
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 655508, China
| | - Hang Wang
- National Plateau Wetlands Research Center, Wetlands College, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650233, China
| | - Qibin Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 655508, China
| | - Peiweng Yang
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
| | - Minggang Li
- Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650106, China
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Tu J, Zhao X, Yang Y, Yi Y, Wang H, Wei B, Zeng L. Two Bacillus spp. Strains Improve the Structure and Diversity of the Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Community of Lilium brownii var. viridulum. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1229. [PMID: 37317201 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Lily Fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium spp. spreads rapidly and is highly destructive, leading to a severe reduction in yield. In this study, lily (Lilium brownii var. viridulum) bulbs were irrigated after planting with suspensions of two Bacillus strains that effectively control lily Fusarium wilt disease to assess their effects on the rhizosphere soil properties and microbial community. A high-throughput sequencing of microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil was performed and the soil physicochemical properties were measured. The FunGuild and Tax4Fun tools were used for a functional profile prediction. The results showed that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BF1 and B. subtilis Y37 controlled lily Fusarium wilt disease with control efficacies of 58.74% and 68.93%, respectively, and effectively colonized the rhizosphere soil. BF1 and Y37 increased the bacterial diversity and richness of the rhizosphere soil and improved the physicochemical properties of the soil, thereby favoring the proliferation of beneficial microbes. The relative abundance of beneficial bacteria was increased and that of pathogenic bacteria was decreased. Bacillus abundance in the rhizosphere was positively correlated with most soil physicochemical properties, whereas Fusarium abundance was negatively correlated with most physicochemical properties. Functional prediction revealed that irrigation with BF1 and Y37 significantly upregulated glycolysis/gluconeogenesis among metabolism and absorption pathways. This study provides insights into the mechanism by which two Bacillus strains with antifungal activity, BF1 and Y37, antagonize plant pathogenic fungi and lays the foundation for their effective application as biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Yuanru Yang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Yongjian Yi
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Hongying Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Baoyang Wei
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Liangbin Zeng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
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Rhizosphere Microbial Community and Metabolites of Susceptible and Resistant Tobacco Cultivars to Bacterial Wilt. J Microbiol 2023; 61:389-402. [PMID: 36881350 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-023-00012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Soil-borne diseases are closely related to rhizosphere microecosystem. While, plant species and genotypes are important factors affected rhizosphere microecosystem. In this study, the rhizosphere soil microbial community and metabolites of susceptible and resistant tobacco cultivars were investigated. The results showed that there were significant differences in the rhizosphere microbial community and metabolites between susceptible cultivar Yunyan87 and resistant cultivar Fandi3. Furthermore, the rhizosphere soil of Fandi3 showed a higher microbial diversity than that of Yunyan87. The abundance of R. solanacearum was much higher in the rhizosphere soil of Yunyan87 than in the rhizosphere soil of Fandi3, resulting in a higher disease incidence and index. While the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of Fandi3 were higher than that of Yunyan87. Additionally, there were significant differences in metabolites between Yunyan87 and Fandi3 cultivars, and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid, vamillic aldehyde, benzoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and phthalic acid were notably high in Yunyan87. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that the rhizosphere microbial community of Fandi3 and Yunyan87 were highly correlated with various environmental factors and metabolites. Overall, susceptible and resistant tobacco cultivars had different impact on rhizosphere microbial community and metabolites. The results expand our understanding of the roles of tobacco cultivars in plant-micro-ecosystem interactions, and provide a basis for the control of tobacco bacterial wilt.
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Wang Z, Luo W, Cheng S, Zhang H, Zong J, Zhang Z. Ralstonia solanacearum - A soil borne hidden enemy of plants: Research development in management strategies, their action mechanism and challenges. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1141902. [PMID: 36909396 PMCID: PMC9998985 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1141902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant pathogens present in soil cause severe losses to plants every year. Among them, Ralstonia solanacearum, because of its destructive nature, is the world's second most damaging bacterial phytopathogen. Over 310 species of plants belonging to 42 plant families are infected by this deadly pathogen. Around the world, the bacterial wilt (BW) disease causes yield losses that range from 20 to 100%. Control measures for managing this pathogen comprises several diverse approaches. Regardless of whether several control methods are developed to manage the BW disease, efficient management strategies with eco-friendly effects and the desired level of effective control is still awaited and there is need to developed effective management methods to eliminate this fetal disease in several crops under field conditions. An analysis of development in the management strategies will provide an effective way to search and develop control methods with desirable level of effectiveness. In this review, we discussed and analyzed the information reported on the development of various management strategies for the management of R. solanacearum along with the comprehensive presentation on action mechanism of these management strategies. We have also made an effort to summarize the challenges that make hurdle in the effective management of this deadly pathogen. The analysis of the information in this review article will assist in future implications of management strategies and help in developing effective control measures with more efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Changchun, China
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenbo Luo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Changchun, China
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Shujia Cheng
- Economy College of Changchun University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Changchun, China
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Zong
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Changchun, China
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Changchun, China
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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11
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Wen D, Guo Q, Zhao W, Yang Y, Yang C, Yu J, Hu Y. Effect and mechanism of NaHS on tobacco bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2462. [PMID: 36774417 PMCID: PMC9922318 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26697-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery as a third unique gaseous signal molecule, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been extensively employed to resist stress and control pathogens. Nevertheless, whether H2S can prevent tobacco bacterial wilt is unknown yet. We evaluated the impacts of the H2S donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) on the antibacterial activity, morphology, biofilm, and transcriptome of R. solanacearum to understand the effect and mechanism of NaHS on tobacco bacterial wilt. In vitro, NaHS significantly inhibited the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum and obviously altered its cell morphology. Additionally, NaHS significantly inhibited the biofilm formation and swarming motility of R. solanacearum, and reduced the population of R. solanacearum invading tobacco roots. In field experiments, the application of NaHS dramatically decreased the disease incidence and index of tobacco bacterial wilt, with a control efficiency of up to 89.49%. The application of NaHS also influenced the diversity and structure of the soil microbial community. Furthermore, NaHS markedly increased the relative abundances of beneficial microorganisms, which helps prevent tobacco bacterial wilt. These findings highlight NaHS's potential and efficacy as a powerful antibacterial agent for preventing tobacco bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingxin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Qingqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Wan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Chunlei Yang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Jun Yu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Yun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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12
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Xie X, Chen L, Shi Y, Chai A, Fan T, Li L, Li B. The calcium cyanamide and polyethylene blocks the secondary transmission and infection of vegetable leaf diseases. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1027584. [PMID: 36605967 PMCID: PMC9807914 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1027584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Continuous cropping obstacles, especially soil-borne diseases can cause serious harm to agricultural production and limit the sustainable development of modern agriculture. However, Corynespora blight is an important air-borne disease on cucumber leaves caused by Corynespora cassiicola. The pathogen also could survive in air-dried soil or plant residue for at least one month. However, it is not clear whether soil Corynespora blight residues can infect plants. We detected the dynamic change of C. cassiicola content in soil and air after returning the diseased and residual straw to the field in real time by PMA-qPCR detection method. In this study, we reveal for the first time a new mode of transmission in which leaf blade disease residues in soil can spread again into the air and infect plants. In polyethylene (PE) treatment, cucumber plants grew healthily without disease. However, the content of C. cassiicola in the soil still existed in the PE treatment at 103 spore·g-1. The disease index (DI) of cucumber was less than 3 in calcium cyanamide (CaCN2). After fumigation and film removal and the whole growth period was controlled at a safe level. In addition, the PMA-qPCR detection method of Corynespora blight of cucumber was established for the first time in this study. In summary, CaCN2 and PE treatments are effective ways to block the infection of cucumber leaves by Corynespora blight residues in soil. These treatments are considered to comprise a feasible and sustainable technique for vegetable leaf residues in greenhouses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Xie
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lida Chen
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanxia Shi
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ali Chai
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tengfei Fan
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baoju Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Chang X, Wang Y, Sun J, Xiang H, Yang Y, Chen S, Yu J, Yang C. Mitigation of tobacco bacteria wilt with microbial degradation of phenolic allelochemicals. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20716. [PMID: 36456681 PMCID: PMC9715567 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25142-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term continuous monoculture cropping of tobacco leads to high incidence of tobacco bacterial wilt (TBW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, which threatening world tobacco production and causing great economy loss. In this study, a safe and effective way to control TBW by microbial degradation of phenolic allelochemicals (PAs) was explored. Eleven kinds of PAs were identified from continuous tobacco cropping soil. These PAs exhibited various effects on the growth, chemotaxis and biofilm formation of R. solanacearum. Then we isolated eight strains of Bacillus, one strain of Brucella, one strain of Enterobacter and one strain of Stenotrophomonas capable of degrading these PAs. The results of degradation assay showed that these isolated strains could degrade PAs both in culture solutions and soil. Besides, the incidence of TBW caused by R. solanacearum and deteriorated by PAs were significantly decreased by treating with these degrading strains. Furthermore, six out of eleven isolated strains were combined to degrade all the identified PAs and ultimately sharply reduced the incidence of TBW by 61.44% in pot experiment. In addition, the combined degrading bacteria could promote the plant growth and defense response. This study will provide a promising strategy for TBW control in tobacco production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Chang
- grid.34418.3a0000 0001 0727 9022State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Yi Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Jingguo Sun
- Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Haibo Xiang
- grid.34418.3a0000 0001 0727 9022State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Yong Yang
- grid.34418.3a0000 0001 0727 9022State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Shouwen Chen
- grid.34418.3a0000 0001 0727 9022State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Jun Yu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Chunlei Yang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030 China
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Control of the bacterial soft rot pathogen, Pectobacterium carotovorum by Bacillus velezensis CE 100 in cucumber. Microb Pathog 2022; 173:105807. [PMID: 36183955 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pectobacterium carotovorum is a problematic bacterial pathogen causing soft rot in different vegetable crops, resulting in yield losses during pre- and post-harvest periods. In this study, Bacillus velezensis CE 100 showed antibacterial activity against P. carotovorum. Co-inoculation experiment indicated that B. velezensis CE 100 reduced the proliferation rate of P. carotovorum at the early incubation period and that a long incubation time induced a loss of viability of the bacterial pathogen. Agar well diffusion assay revealed that the culture filtrate of strain CE 100 affected the growth of P. carotovorum in a dose-dependent pattern. In time-kill assay, inoculation of P. carotovorum with 50% culture filtrate of strain CE 100 resulted in a complete loss of survival at 4 h incubation period. An antibacterial compound isolated from chloroform extract of B. velezensis CE 100 was identified as macrolactin A based on results of 1H and 13C NMR and mass spectrometry. However, time-kill assay showed that purified macrolactin A at a concentration of 200 μg/mL was not highly effective to control the growth of P. carotovorum although reduction in cell number of P. carotovorum was observed. Moreover, in vivo assay revealed that B. velezensis CE 100 effectively controlled bacterial soft rot. As a consequence, it significantly improved cucumber growth. Therefore, B. velezensis CE 100 could be used as an eco-friendly bioagent for effective control of bacterial soft rot to minimize global economic losses in crop production.
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Chu D, Ilyas N, Peng L, Wang X, Wang D, Xu Z, Gao Q, Tan X, Zhang C, Li Y, Yuan Y. Genomic insights on fighting bacterial wilt by a novel Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain Cas02. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 15:1152-1167. [PMID: 34570959 PMCID: PMC8966013 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial wilt, caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum, can infect several economically important crops. However, the management strategies available to control this disease are limited. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been considered promising biocontrol agents. In this study, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain Cas02 was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of healthy tobacco plants and evaluated for its effect on plant growth promotion and bacterial wilt suppression. Strain Cas02 exhibited several growth-promoting-related features including siderophore production, cellulase activity, protease activity, ammonia production and catalase activity. Moreover, strain Cas02 showed a significant inhibitory growth effect on R. solanacearum, and its active substances were separated and identified to be macrolactin A and macrolactin W by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS. Both greenhouse and field experiments demonstrated a good performance of Cas02 in plant growth promotion and bacterial wilt suppression. To explore the underlying genetic mechanisms, complete genome sequencing was performed and the gene clusters responsible for antibacterial metabolites expression were identified. Overall, these findings suggest that the strain Cas02 could be a potential biocontrol agent in bacterial wilt management and a source of antimicrobial compounds for further exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Depeng Chu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Naila Ilyas
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Lijuan Peng
- Yunnan Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Station, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Dongkun Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Zongchang Xu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Yishui Agricultural Technology Demonstration Park, Linyi, 276400, China
| | - Xiaolei Tan
- Yishui Agricultural Technology Demonstration Park, Linyi, 276400, China
| | - Chengsheng Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
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16
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Hu Y, Zhao W, Li X, Feng J, Li C, Yang X, Guo Q, Wang L, Chen S, Li Y, Yang Y. Integrated biocontrol of tobacco bacterial wilt by antagonistic bacteria and marigold. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16360. [PMID: 34381095 PMCID: PMC8357815 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95741-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco bacterial wilt (TBW) is seriously damages the growth of tobacco. There is an urgent need to find a safer and more effective measure to control TBW. In this study, B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 and marigold powder were applied to the tobacco roots alone or in combination, and the potential inhibition of TBW was assessed. On the other hand, the effects of these treatments on soil physicochemical properties, rhizosphere microbial community and soil metabolites were also evaluated. The results showed that the application of B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 or marigold powder alone significantly reduced the abundance of R. solanacearum in rhizosphere soil, while the integrated treatment showed the strongest inhibitory effect. Moreover, the integrated treatment can inhibit the secretion of chemoattractants, and affect the change of rhizosphere soil microbial composition. In conclusion, the combination of antagonistic bacteria agent B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 with marigold powder can enhance the suppression of TBW. Furthermore, B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 and marigold have synergistic effects on suppressing TBW by regulation soil physicochemical properties, soil metabolites and microbial structure. This study provide a promising strategy for TBW control by integrated applying of B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 and marigold powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Wan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Xihong Li
- Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ji Feng
- Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chunli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Qingqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Hubei Tobacco Industry Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430040, China
| | - Shouwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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