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Olmstead J. Celiac disease: Guideline update overview. Nurse Pract 2024; 49:20-28. [PMID: 39313830 DOI: 10.1097/01.npr.0000000000000232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The American College of Gastroenterology revised its recommendations for diagnosing and managing celiac disease in its updated 2023 clinical guideline. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder causing malabsorption following exposure to gluten. A wide range of both gastrointestinal and nongastrointestinal signs and symptoms can occur. This article provides an overview of the diagnosis and management of celiac disease, aiding the NP in developing a greater awareness of the condition both to diagnose it and to refer patients as needed to gastroenterology for evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Olmstead
- Jill Olmstead is an NP in the gastroenterology department at Providence Health in Fullerton, Calif
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Sadeghi P, Karimi H, Lavafian A, Rashedi R, Samieefar N, Shafiekhani S, Rezaei N. Machine learning and artificial intelligence within pediatric autoimmune diseases: applications, challenges, future perspective. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:1219-1236. [PMID: 38771915 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2359019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autoimmune disorders affect 4.5% to 9.4% of children, significantly reducing their quality of life. The diagnosis and prognosis of autoimmune diseases are uncertain because of the variety of onset and development. Machine learning can identify clinically relevant patterns from vast amounts of data. Hence, its introduction has been beneficial in the diagnosis and management of patients. AREAS COVERED This narrative review was conducted through searching various electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. This study thoroughly explores the current knowledge and identifies the remaining gaps in the applications of machine learning specifically in the context of pediatric autoimmune and related diseases. EXPERT OPINION Machine learning algorithms have the potential to completely change how pediatric autoimmune disorders are identified, treated, and managed. Machine learning can assist physicians in making more precise and fast judgments, identifying new biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and personalizing treatment strategies for each patient by utilizing massive datasets and powerful analytics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parniyan Sadeghi
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanie Karimi
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atiye Lavafian
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Science, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ronak Rashedi
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noosha Samieefar
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Shafiekhani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Buein Zahra Technical University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Shiha MG, Schiepatti A, Maimaris S, Nandi NI, Penny HA, Sanders DS. Clinical outcomes of potential coeliac disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gut 2024:gutjnl-2024-333110. [PMID: 39153845 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2024-333110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Potential coeliac disease (PCD) is characterised by positive serological and genetic markers of coeliac disease with architecturally preserved duodenal mucosa. The clinical outcomes and rates of progression to overt coeliac disease in patients with PCD remain uncertain. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with PCD. DESIGN We searched Medline, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Library from 1991 through May 2024 to identify studies evaluating the clinical outcomes of patients with PCD. The progression rates to villous atrophy, seroconversion and response to a gluten-free diet (GFD) were analysed. A random-effect meta-analysis was performed, and the results were reported as pooled proportions with 95% CIs. RESULTS Seventeen studies comprising 1010 patients with PCD were included in the final analyses. The pooled prevalence of PCD among patients with suspected coeliac disease was 16% (95% CI 10% to 22%). The duration of follow-up in most of the studies was at least 1 year, with follow-up periods within individual studies ranging from 5 months to 13 years. During follow-up, 33% (95% CI 18% to 48%; I2=96.4%) of patients with PCD on a gluten-containing diet developed villous atrophy, and 33% (95% CI 17% to 48%; I2=93.0%) had normalisation of serology. Among those who adhered to a GFD, 88% (95% CI 79% to 97%; I2=93.2%) reported symptomatic improvement. CONCLUSION Almost a third of patients with PCD develop villous atrophy over time, whereas a similar proportion experience normalisation of serology despite a gluten-containing diet. Most symptomatic patients benefit from a GFD. These findings highlight the importance of structured follow-up and individualised management for patients with PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed G Shiha
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Annalisa Schiepatti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit of Pavia Institute, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA SB IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stiliano Maimaris
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit of Pavia Institute, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA SB IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - NIcoletta Nandi
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Pathophysiology and Organ Transplantation, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Hugo A Penny
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David S Sanders
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Sharma L, Rahman F, Sharma RA. The emerging role of biotechnological advances and artificial intelligence in tackling gluten sensitivity. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-17. [PMID: 39145745 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2392158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Gluten comprises an intricate network of hundreds of related but distinct proteins, mainly "gliadins" and "glutenins," which play a vital role in determining the rheological properties of wheat dough. However, ingesting gluten can trigger severe conditions in susceptible individuals, including celiac disease, wheat allergy, or non-celiac gluten sensitivity, collectively known as gluten-related disorders. This review provides a panoramic view, delving into the various aspects of gluten-triggered disorders, including symptoms, diagnosis, mechanism, and management. Though a gluten-free diet remains the primary option to manage gluten-related disorders, the emerging microbial and plant biotechnology tools are playing a transformative role in reducing the immunotoxicity of gluten. The enzymatic hydrolysis of gluten and the development of gluten-reduced/free wheat lines using RNAi and CRISPR/Cas technology are laying the foundation for creating safer wheat products. In addition to biotechnological interventions, the emerging artificial intelligence technologies are also bringing about a paradigm shift in the diagnosis and management of gluten-related disorders. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest developments and the potential these technologies hold for tackling gluten sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshay Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani, India
| | - Farhanur Rahman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani, India
| | - Rita A Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani, India
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
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Hartmann Tolić I, Habijan M, Galić I, Nyarko EK. Advancements in Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Celiac Disease: A Systematic Review. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:493. [PMID: 39194472 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9080493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease, a chronic autoimmune condition, manifests in those genetically prone to it through damage to the small intestine upon gluten consumption. This condition is estimated to affect approximately one in every hundred individuals worldwide, though it often goes undiagnosed. The early and accurate diagnosis of celiac disease (CD) is critical to preventing severe health complications, with computer-aided diagnostic approaches showing significant promise. However, there is a shortage of review literature that encapsulates the field's current state and offers a perspective on future advancements. Therefore, this review critically assesses the literature on the role of imaging techniques, biomarker analysis, and computer models in improving CD diagnosis. We highlight the diagnostic strengths of advanced imaging and the non-invasive appeal of biomarker analyses, while also addressing ongoing challenges in standardization and integration into clinical practice. Our analysis stresses the importance of computer-aided diagnostics in fast-tracking the diagnosis of CD, highlighting the necessity for ongoing research to refine these approaches for effective implementation in clinical settings. Future research in the field will focus on standardizing CAD protocols for broader clinical use and exploring the integration of genetic and protein data to enhance early detection and personalize treatment strategies. These advancements promise significant improvements in patient outcomes and broader implications for managing autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Hartmann Tolić
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Information Technology, J. J. Strossmayer University, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Habijan
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Information Technology, J. J. Strossmayer University, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Irena Galić
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Information Technology, J. J. Strossmayer University, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Emmanuel Karlo Nyarko
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Information Technology, J. J. Strossmayer University, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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Teo PT, Rogacki K, Gopalakrishnan M, Das IJ, Abazeed ME, Mittal BB, Gentile M. Determining risk and predictors of head and neck cancer treatment-related lymphedema: A clinicopathologic and dosimetric data mining approach using interpretable machine learning and ensemble feature selection. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2024; 46:100747. [PMID: 38450218 PMCID: PMC10915511 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2024.100747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose The ability to determine the risk and predictors of lymphedema is vital in improving the quality of life for head and neck (HN) cancer patients. However, selecting robust features is challenging due to the multicollinearity and high dimensionality of radiotherapy (RT) data. This study aims to overcome these challenges using an ensemble feature selection technique with machine learning (ML). Materials and methods Thirty organs-at-risk, including bilateral cervical lymph node levels, were contoured, and dose-volume data were extracted from 76 HN treatment plans. Clinicopathologic data was collected. Ensemble feature selection was used to reduce the number of features. Using the reduced features as input to ML and competing risk models, internal and external lymphedema prediction capability was evaluated with the ML models, and time to lymphedema event and risk stratification were estimated using the risk models. Results Two ML models, XGBoost and random forest, exhibited robust prediction performance. They achieved average F1-scores and AUCs of 84 ± 3.3 % and 79 ± 11.9 % (external lymphedema), and 64 ± 12 % and 78 ± 7.9 % (internal lymphedema). Predictive ML and risk models identified common predictors, including bulky node involvement, high dose to various lymph node levels, and lymph nodes removed during surgery. At 180 days, removing 0-25, 26-50, and > 50 lymph nodes increased external lymphedema risk to 72.1 %, 95.6 %, and 57.7 % respectively (p = 0.01). Conclusion Our approach, involving the reduction of HN RT data dimensionality, resulted in effective ML models for HN lymphedema prediction. Predictive dosimetric features emerged from both predictive and competing risk models. Consistency with clinicopathologic features from other studies supports our methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Troy Teo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E. Huron St, Galter Pavilion LC-178, IL 60611. Chicago, United States
| | - Kevin Rogacki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E. Huron St, Galter Pavilion LC-178, IL 60611. Chicago, United States
| | - Mahesh Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E. Huron St, Galter Pavilion LC-178, IL 60611. Chicago, United States
| | - Indra J Das
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E. Huron St, Galter Pavilion LC-178, IL 60611. Chicago, United States
| | - Mohamed E Abazeed
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E. Huron St, Galter Pavilion LC-178, IL 60611. Chicago, United States
| | - Bharat B Mittal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E. Huron St, Galter Pavilion LC-178, IL 60611. Chicago, United States
| | - Michelle Gentile
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, 800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
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Danieli MG, Brunetto S, Gammeri L, Palmeri D, Claudi I, Shoenfeld Y, Gangemi S. Machine learning application in autoimmune diseases: State of art and future prospectives. Autoimmun Rev 2024; 23:103496. [PMID: 38081493 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders resulting from an alteration of immune tolerance, characterized by the formation of autoantibodies and the consequent development of heterogeneous clinical manifestations. Diagnosing autoimmune diseases is often complicated, and the available prognostic tools are limited. Machine learning allows us to analyze large amounts of data and carry out complex calculations quickly and with minimal effort. In this work, we examine the literature focusing on the use of machine learning in the field of the main systemic (systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis) and organ-specific autoimmune diseases (type 1 diabetes mellitus, autoimmune thyroid, gastrointestinal, and skin diseases). From our analysis, interesting applications of machine learning emerged for developing algorithms useful in the early diagnosis of disease or prognostic models (risk of complications, therapeutic response). Subsequent studies and the creation of increasingly rich databases to be supplied to the algorithms will eventually guide the clinician in the diagnosis, allowing intervention when the pathology is still in an early stage and immediately directing towards a correct therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Danieli
- SOS Immunologia delle Malattie Rare e dei Trapianti. AOU delle Marche & Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Torrette di Ancona, Italy; Postgraduate School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Silvia Brunetto
- Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Luca Gammeri
- Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Palmeri
- Postgraduate School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Claudi
- Postgraduate School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, and Reichman University Herzliya, Israel.
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
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Arora U, Sengupta D, Kumar M, Tirupathi K, Sai MK, Hareesh A, Sai Chaithanya ES, Nikhila V, Bhavana N, Vigneshwar P, Rani A, Yadav R. Perceiving placental ultrasound image texture evolution during pregnancy with normal and adverse outcome through machine learning prism. Placenta 2023; 140:109-116. [PMID: 37572594 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective was to perform placental ultrasound image texture (UPIA) in first (T1), second(T2) and third(T3) trimesters of pregnancy using machine learning( ML). METHODS In this prospective observational study the 2D placental ultrasound (US) images from 11-14 weeks, 20-24 weeks, and 28-32 weeks were taken. The image data was divided into training, validating, and testing subsets in the ratio of 80%, 10%, and 10%. Three different ML techniques, deep learning, transfer learning, and vision transformer were used for UPIA. RESULTS Out of 1008 cases included in the study, 59.5% (600/1008) had a normal outcome. The image texture classification was compared between T1&T2, T2 &T3 and T1&T3 pairs. Using Inception v3 model, to classify T1& T2 images, gave the accuracy, Cohen Kappa score of 83.3%, 0.662 respectively. The image classification between T1&T3 achieved best results using EfficientNetB0 model, having the accuracy, Cohen Kappa score, sensitivity and specificity of 87.5%, 0.749, 83.4%, and 88.9% respectively. Comparison of placental image texture among cases with materno-fetal adverse outcome and controls was done using Efficient Net B0. The F1 score, was found to be 0.824 , 0.820, and 0.892 in T1, T2 and T3 respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the model was 77.4% at 80.2% at T1 but increased to 81.0% and 93.9% at T2 &T3 respectively. DISCUSSION The study presents a novel technique to classify placental ultrasound image texture using ML models and could differentiate first and third-trimester normal placenta and normal and adverse pregnancy outcome images with good accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urvashi Arora
- Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Debarka Sengupta
- Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Manisha Kumar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, 110001, India.
| | | | | | - Amuru Hareesh
- Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Nellore Bhavana
- Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Palani Vigneshwar
- Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjali Rani
- Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Reena Yadav
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, 110001, India
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Tapkire MD, Arun V. Application of artificial intelligence to corelate food formulations to disease risk prediction: a comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:2350-2357. [PMID: 37424577 PMCID: PMC10326233 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05550-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Clinicians and administrators are applying Artificial Intelligence (AI) Techniques widely as the promising results of their applications in the healthcare have been established. The meaningful impact of the AI applications will be limited unless it is coherently applied with human diagnosis and inputs from specialist clinician. This will help to address limitations and take advantage of the promises of the AI techniques. Machine Learning is one of the AI technique that finds high relevance in the medicine and health care. This review provides an overall glimpse of current practices and research outcomes of the application of the AI techniques in the healthcare and medical practices. It further describes Machine Learning Techniques in disease prediction and scope for food formulations for combatting disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayura D. Tapkire
- Department of Information Science and Engineering, National Institute of Engineering, Mysuru, India
| | - Vanishri Arun
- Department of Information Science and Engineering, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, Constituent College of JSS Science and Technology University, Mysuru, India
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Ay Ş, Ekinci E, Garip Z. A comparative analysis of meta-heuristic optimization algorithms for feature selection on ML-based classification of heart-related diseases. THE JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING 2023; 79:11797-11826. [PMID: 37304052 PMCID: PMC9983547 DOI: 10.1007/s11227-023-05132-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to use a machine learning (ML)-based enhanced diagnosis and survival model to predict heart disease and survival in heart failure by combining the cuckoo search (CS), flower pollination algorithm (FPA), whale optimization algorithm (WOA), and Harris hawks optimization (HHO) algorithms, which are meta-heuristic feature selection algorithms. To achieve this, experiments are conducted on the Cleveland heart disease dataset and the heart failure dataset collected from the Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology published at UCI. CS, FPA, WOA, and HHO algorithms for feature selection are applied for different population sizes and are realized based on the best fitness values. For the original dataset of heart disease, the maximum prediction F-score of 88% is obtained using K-nearest neighbour (KNN) when compared to logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB), and random forest (RF). With the proposed approach, the heart disease prediction F-score of 99.72% is obtained using KNN for population sizes 60 with FPA by selecting eight features. For the original dataset of heart failure, the maximum prediction F-score of 70% is obtained using LR and RF compared to SVM, GNB, and KNN. With the proposed approach, the heart failure prediction F-score of 97.45% is obtained using KNN for population sizes 10 with HHO by selecting five features. Experimental findings show that the applied meta-heuristic algorithms with ML algorithms significantly improve prediction performances compared to performances obtained from the original datasets. The motivation of this paper is to select the most critical and informative feature subset through meta-heuristic algorithms to improve classification accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şevket Ay
- Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya, 54187 Turkey
| | - Ekin Ekinci
- Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya, 54187 Turkey
| | - Zeynep Garip
- Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya, 54187 Turkey
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Endoscopy, video capsule endoscopy, and biopsy for automated celiac disease detection: A review. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Oh SH, Lee SJ, Park J. Effective data-driven precision medicine by cluster-applied deep reinforcement learning. Knowl Based Syst 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2022.109877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Application of Extremely Randomised Trees for exploring influential factors on variant crash severity data. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11476. [PMID: 35798814 PMCID: PMC9263179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15693-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Crash severity models play a crucial role in evaluating the influencing factors in the severity of traffic crashes. In this study, Extremely Randomised Tree (ERT) is used as a machine learning technique to analyse the severity of crashes. The crash data in the province of Khorasan Razavi, Iran, for a period of 5 years from 2013 to 2017, is used for crash severity model development. The dataset includes traffic-related variables, vehicle specifications, vehicle movement, land use characteristics, temporal characteristics, and environmental variables. In this paper, Feature Importance Analysis (FIA), Partial Dependence Plots (PDP), and Individual Conditional Expectation (ICE) plots are utilised to analyse and interpret the results. According to the results, the involvement of vulnerable road users such as motorcyclists and pedestrians alongside traffic-related variables are among the most significant variables in crash severity. Results show that the presence of motorcycles can increase the probability of injury crashes by around 30% and almost double the probability of fatal crashes. Analysing the interaction of PDPs shows that driving speeds above 60 km/h in residential areas raises the probability of injury crashes by about 10%. In addition, at speeds higher than 70 km/h, the presence of pedestrians approximately increases the probability of fatal crashes by 6%.
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Magazzù G, Aquilina S, Barbara C, Bondin R, Brusca I, Bugeja J, Camilleri M, Cascio D, Costa S, Cuzzupè C, Duca A, Fregapane M, Gentile V, Giuliano A, Grifò A, Grima AM, Ieni A, Li Calzi G, Maisano F, Melita G, Pallio S, Panasiti I, Pellegrino S, Romano C, Sorce S, Tabacchi ME, Taormina V, Tegolo D, Tortora A, Valenti C, Vella C, Raso G. Recognizing the Emergent and Submerged Iceberg of the Celiac Disease: ITAMA Project-Global Strategy Protocol. Pediatr Rep 2022; 14:293-311. [PMID: 35736659 PMCID: PMC9227897 DOI: 10.3390/pediatric14020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coeliac disease (CD) is frequently underdiagnosed with a consequent heavy burden in terms of morbidity and health care costs. Diagnosis of CD is based on the evaluation of symptoms and anti-transglutaminase antibodies IgA (TGA-IgA) levels, with values above a tenfold increase being the basis of the biopsy-free diagnostic approach suggested by present guidelines. This study showcased the largest screening project for CD carried out to date in school children (n=20,000) aimed at assessing the diagnostic accuracy of minimally invasive finger prick point-of-care tests (POCT) which, combined with conventional celiac serology and the aid of an artificial intelligence-based system, may eliminate the need for intestinal biopsy. Moreover, this study delves deeper into the "coeliac iceberg" in an attempt to identify people with disorders who may benefit from a gluten-free diet, even in the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms, abnormal serology and histology. This was achieved by looking for TGA-IgA mucosal deposits in duodenal biopsy. This large European multidisciplinary health project paves the way to an improved quality of life for patients by reducing the costs for diagnosis due to delayed findings of CD and to offer business opportunities in terms of diagnostic tools and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Magazzù
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell’Adulto e dell’Età Evolutiva “Gaetano Barresi”, Università di Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (C.C.); (A.G.); (A.I.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (I.P.); (C.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Samuel Aquilina
- Department of Paediatrics, Mater Dei Hospital, 2090 Msida, Malta; (S.A.); (R.B.); (A.-M.G.); (C.V.)
| | - Christopher Barbara
- Department of Pathology, Mater Dei Hospital, 2090 Msida, Malta; (C.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Ramon Bondin
- Department of Paediatrics, Mater Dei Hospital, 2090 Msida, Malta; (S.A.); (R.B.); (A.-M.G.); (C.V.)
| | - Ignazio Brusca
- Ospedale Fatebenefratelli, Buccheri La Ferla, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.B.); (M.F.)
| | | | - Mark Camilleri
- Department of Pathology, Mater Dei Hospital, 2090 Msida, Malta; (C.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Donato Cascio
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica-“E. Segrè”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (V.G.); (G.L.C.); (S.S.); (V.T.); (G.R.)
| | - Stefano Costa
- DAI Materno-Infantile, AOU Policlinico G. Martino, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Chiara Cuzzupè
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell’Adulto e dell’Età Evolutiva “Gaetano Barresi”, Università di Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (C.C.); (A.G.); (A.I.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (I.P.); (C.R.)
| | - Annalise Duca
- AcrossLimits Ltd., 4013 Birkirkara, Malta; (J.B.); (A.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Maria Fregapane
- Ospedale Fatebenefratelli, Buccheri La Ferla, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.B.); (M.F.)
| | - Vito Gentile
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica-“E. Segrè”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (V.G.); (G.L.C.); (S.S.); (V.T.); (G.R.)
| | - Angele Giuliano
- AcrossLimits Ltd., 4013 Birkirkara, Malta; (J.B.); (A.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Alessia Grifò
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell’Adulto e dell’Età Evolutiva “Gaetano Barresi”, Università di Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (C.C.); (A.G.); (A.I.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (I.P.); (C.R.)
| | - Anne-Marie Grima
- Department of Paediatrics, Mater Dei Hospital, 2090 Msida, Malta; (S.A.); (R.B.); (A.-M.G.); (C.V.)
| | - Antonio Ieni
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell’Adulto e dell’Età Evolutiva “Gaetano Barresi”, Università di Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (C.C.); (A.G.); (A.I.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (I.P.); (C.R.)
| | - Giada Li Calzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica-“E. Segrè”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (V.G.); (G.L.C.); (S.S.); (V.T.); (G.R.)
| | - Fabiana Maisano
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell’Adulto e dell’Età Evolutiva “Gaetano Barresi”, Università di Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (C.C.); (A.G.); (A.I.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (I.P.); (C.R.)
| | - Giuseppinella Melita
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell’Adulto e dell’Età Evolutiva “Gaetano Barresi”, Università di Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (C.C.); (A.G.); (A.I.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (I.P.); (C.R.)
| | - Socrate Pallio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Ilenia Panasiti
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell’Adulto e dell’Età Evolutiva “Gaetano Barresi”, Università di Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (C.C.); (A.G.); (A.I.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (I.P.); (C.R.)
| | - Salvatore Pellegrino
- DAI Materno-Infantile, AOU Policlinico G. Martino, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Claudio Romano
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell’Adulto e dell’Età Evolutiva “Gaetano Barresi”, Università di Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (C.C.); (A.G.); (A.I.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (I.P.); (C.R.)
| | - Salvatore Sorce
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica-“E. Segrè”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (V.G.); (G.L.C.); (S.S.); (V.T.); (G.R.)
- Facoltà di Ingegneria e Architettura, Università degli Studi di Enna “Kore”, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Marco Elio Tabacchi
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.E.T.); (D.T.); (C.V.)
| | - Vincenzo Taormina
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica-“E. Segrè”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (V.G.); (G.L.C.); (S.S.); (V.T.); (G.R.)
| | - Domenico Tegolo
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.E.T.); (D.T.); (C.V.)
| | - Andrea Tortora
- DAI Scienze Mediche, AOU Policlinico G. Martino, 98124 Messina, Italy;
| | - Cesare Valenti
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.E.T.); (D.T.); (C.V.)
| | - Cecil Vella
- Department of Paediatrics, Mater Dei Hospital, 2090 Msida, Malta; (S.A.); (R.B.); (A.-M.G.); (C.V.)
| | - Giuseppe Raso
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica-“E. Segrè”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (V.G.); (G.L.C.); (S.S.); (V.T.); (G.R.)
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Combining mathematical modelling and deep learning to make rapid and explainable predictions of the patient-specific response to anticoagulant therapy under venous flow. Math Biosci 2022; 349:108830. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2022.108830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Stoleru CA, Dulf EH, Ciobanu L. Automated detection of celiac disease using Machine Learning Algorithms. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4071. [PMID: 35260574 PMCID: PMC8904634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07199-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease is a disorder of the immune system that mainly affects the small intestine but can also affect the skeletal system. The diagnosis relies on histological assessment of duodenal biopsies acquired by upper digestive endoscopy. Immunological tests involve collecting a blood sample to detect if the antibodies have been produced in the body. Endoscopy is invasive and histology is time-consuming. In recent years there have been various algorithms that use artificial intelligence (AI) and neural convolutions (CNN, Convolutional Neural Network) to process images from capsule endoscopy, a non-invasive endoscopy approach, that provides magnified, high qualitative images of the small bowel mucosa, to quickly establish a diagnosis. The proposed innovative approach do not use complex learning algorithms, instead it find some artefacts in the endoscopies using kernels and use classified machine learning algorithms. Each used artefacts have a psychical meaning: atrophies of the mucosa with a visible submucosal vascular pattern; the presence of cracks (depressions) that have an appearance similar to that of dry land; reduction or complete loss of folds in the duodenum; the presence of a submerged appearance at the Kerckring folds and a low number of villi. The results obtained for video capsule endoscopy images processing reveal an accuracy of 94.1% and F1 score of 94%, which is competitive with other complex algorithms. The main goal of the present research was to demonstrate that computer-aided diagnosis of celiac disease is possible even without the use of very complex algorithms, which require expensive hardware and a lot of processing time. The use of the proposed automated images processing acquired noninvasively by capsule endoscopy would be assistive in detecting the subtle presence of villous atrophy not evident by visual inspection. It may also be useful to assess the degree of improvement of celiac. Patients on a gluten-free diet, the main treatment method for stopping the autoimmune process and improving the state of the small intestinal villi. The novelty of the work is that the algorithm uses two modified filters to properly analyse the intestine wall texture. It is proved that using the right filters, the proper diagnostic can be obtained by image processing, without the use of a complicated machine learning algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian-Andrei Stoleru
- Automation Department, Faculty of Automation and Computer Science, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului 28, 400014, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eva H Dulf
- Automation Department, Faculty of Automation and Computer Science, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului 28, 400014, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Lidia Ciobanu
- Faculty of Medicine, Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Croitorilor Street 19-21, 400162, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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17
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Trovato CM, Oliva S, Pietropaoli N, Pignataro MG, Berni S, Tancredi A, Cucchiara S, Giordano C, Montuori M. A new double immunohistochemistry method to detect mucosal anti-transglutaminase IgA deposits in coeliac children. Dig Liver Dis 2022; 54:200-206. [PMID: 34844876 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal transglutaminase (TG2) IgA deposits represent early marker of coeliac disease (CeD) and can predict the evolution towards intestinal atrophy. AIMS To validate a double immunohistochemistry method for the determination of intestinal TG2 IgA deposits on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsies. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was tested on: 1) children with overt CeD [persistently positive serum IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase type 2 (TGA-IgA) with moderate or low titer, and histological findings of CeD]; 2) potential CeD (persistently positive serum TGA-IgA and normal intestinal mucosa) and 3) controls (negative serum TGA-IgA and normal intestinal mucosa). RESULTS Samples from 61 children were analyzed (32 overt CeD, 14 potential CeD, and 15 controls). Deposits appeared as focal, multifocal, or confluent extracellular foci of red and brown staining colocalization in the sub-epithelium and around mucosal vessels. Deposits were present in all 32 children with overt CeD and in 9/14 potential CeD. Deposits were never observed in the 15 controls. Patients with higher serum level of TGA-IgA and with mucosal atrophy showed mostly a multifocal/diffuse pattern of deposits distribution. The bulb appeared most severely involved. In potential CeD deposits showed mainly a focal distribution. CONCLUSION Our results indicate double immunohistochemistry as promising diagnostic tool to improve diagnosis of CeD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Maria Trovato
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Hepatology Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, "Bambino Gesù" Children Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Oliva
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Gemma Pignataro
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Pathology, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Berni
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Pathology, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Tancredi
- Department of Methods and Models for Economy, Territory and Finance, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cucchiara
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Giordano
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Pathology, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Monica Montuori
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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18
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Gnodi E, Meneveri R, Barisani D. Celiac disease: From genetics to epigenetics. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:449-463. [PMID: 35125829 PMCID: PMC8790554 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i4.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is a multifactorial autoimmune disorder spread worldwide. The exposure to gluten, a protein found in cereals like wheat, barley and rye, is the main environmental factor involved in its pathogenesis. Even if the genetic predisposition represented by HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 haplotypes is widely recognised as mandatory for CeD development, it is not enough to explain the total predisposition for the disease. Furthermore, the onset of CeD comprehend a wide spectrum of symptoms, that often leads to a delay in CeD diagnosis. To overcome this deficiency and help detecting people with increased risk for CeD, also clarifying CeD traits linked to disease familiarity, different studies have tried to make light on other predisposing elements. These were in many cases genetic variants shared with other autoimmune diseases. Since inherited traits can be regulated by epigenetic modifications, also induced by environmental factors, the most recent studies focused on the potential involvement of epigenetics in CeD. Epigenetic factors can in fact modulate gene expression with many mechanisms, generating more or less stable changes in gene expression without affecting the DNA sequence. Here we analyze the different epigenetic modifications in CeD, in particular DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs and RNA methylation. Special attention is dedicated to the additional predispositions to CeD, the involvement of epigenetics in developing CeD complications, the pathogenic pathways modulated by epigenetic factors such as microRNAs and the potential use of epigenetic profiling as biomarker to discriminate different classes of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Gnodi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Raffaella Meneveri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Donatella Barisani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
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19
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Jin ZC, Zhong BY. Application of radiomics in hepatocellular carcinoma: A review. Artif Intell Med Imaging 2021; 2:64-72. [DOI: 10.35711/aimi.v2.i3.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of primary liver cancer with low 5-year survival rate. The high molecular heterogeneity in HCC poses huge challenges for clinical practice or trial design and has become a major barrier to improving the management of HCC. However, current clinical practice based on single bioptic or archived tumor tissue has been deficient in identifying useful biomarkers. The concept of radiomics was first proposed in 2012 and is different from the traditional imaging analysis based on the qualitative or semi-quantitative analysis by radiologists. Radiomics refers to high-throughput extraction of large amounts number of high-dimensional quantitative features from medical images through machine learning or deep learning algorithms. Using the radiomics method could quantify tumoral phenotypes and heterogeneity, which may provide benefits in clinical decision-making at a lower cost. Here, we review the workflow and application of radiomics in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Cheng Jin
- Center of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin-Yan Zhong
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
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