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Xiao J, Chen H, Ge J, Liu T. Clinical efficacy analysis of partial cystectomy and radical cystectomy in the treatment of muscle-invasive sarcomatoid carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1324487. [PMID: 38371629 PMCID: PMC10869453 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1324487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study compares the clinical efficacy of partial cystectomy (PC) versus radical cystectomy (RC) in the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma (SCUB) through a retrospective analysis. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 20 patients diagnosed with muscle-invasive SCUB from July 2015 to August 2023 at Ganzhou People's Hospital. All patients underwent surgical treatment followed by chemotherapy, with 9 receiving PC and 11 undergoing RC. We compared the average survival time of deceased patients for both treatments and conducted survival and multivariate analyses using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model, respectively. Results All 20 patients were postoperatively diagnosed with muscle-invasive SCUB and were followed up for 4 to 60 months. The average survival time for patients undergoing PC was 11.5 months, with survival rates at 1 year, 2 years, and 5 years of 55.56%, 22.22%, and 11.11%, respectively. In contrast, patients receiving RC had an extended average survival time of 22.5 months, and their 1-year, 2-year, and 5-year survival rates increased to 63.64%, 36.36%, and 18.18%, respectively. Survival analysis revealed statistically significant differences in prognosis between PC and RC for the treatment of muscle-invasive SCUB (P<0.05). Conclusion SCUB is a rare malignant tumor with unique biological characteristics often associated with poor prognosis. Upon diagnosis, RC should be considered as an early treatment approach when the patient's overall condition permits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tairong Liu
- Department of Urology Surgery, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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Garioni M, Tschan VJ, Blukacz L, Nuciforo S, Parmentier R, Roma L, Coto-Llerena M, Pueschel H, Piscuoglio S, Vlajnic T, Stenner F, Seifert HH, Rentsch CA, Bubendorf L, Le Magnen C. Patient-derived organoids identify tailored therapeutic options and determinants of plasticity in sarcomatoid urothelial bladder cancer. NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:112. [PMID: 37919480 PMCID: PMC10622543 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00466-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomatoid Urothelial Bladder Cancer (SARC) is a rare and aggressive histological subtype of bladder cancer for which therapeutic options are limited and experimental models are lacking. Here, we report the establishment of a long-term 3D organoid-like model derived from a SARC patient (SarBC-01). SarBC-01 emulates aggressive morphological, phenotypical, and transcriptional features of SARC and harbors somatic mutations in genes frequently altered in sarcomatoid tumors such as TP53 (p53) and RB1 (pRB). High-throughput drug screening, using a library comprising 1567 compounds in SarBC-01 and conventional urothelial carcinoma (UroCa) organoids, identified drug candidates active against SARC cells exclusively, or UroCa cells exclusively, or both. Among those, standard-of-care chemotherapeutic drugs inhibited both SARC and UroCa cells, while a subset of targeted drugs was specifically effective in SARC cells, including agents targeting the Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) pathway. In two independent patient cohorts and in organoid models, GR and its encoding gene NR3C1 were found to be significantly more expressed in SARC as compared to UroCa, suggesting that high GR expression is a hallmark of SARC tumors. Further, glucocorticoid treatment impaired the mesenchymal morphology, abrogated the invasive ability of SARC cells, and led to transcriptomic changes associated with reversion of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, at single-cell level. Altogether, our study highlights the power of organoids for precision oncology and for providing key insights into factors driving rare tumor entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Garioni
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Viviane J Tschan
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lauriane Blukacz
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sandro Nuciforo
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Romuald Parmentier
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luca Roma
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mairene Coto-Llerena
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heike Pueschel
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Piscuoglio
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tatjana Vlajnic
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frank Stenner
- Division of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Cyrill A Rentsch
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Bubendorf
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Clémentine Le Magnen
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Yu EM, Belay S, Li W, Aragon-Ching JB. Non-urothelial and urothelial variants of bladder cancer. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2022; 33:100661. [PMID: 36442362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-urothelial bladder cancers make up a rare minority of all genitourinary (GU) tract histologic cancers since urothelial cancer (UC) makes up the most common histologic subtype. Bladder cancer variant histology (BCVH) or urothelial variants also occur rarely though distinction is important given aggressive presentation and natural history. While methods for diagnosis and treatment of typical urothelial cancers (UC) are well-established, there are no clear guidelines with regard to the diagnosis of non-urothelial bladder cancers, which often results in misdiagnosis and treatment delay. This review will focus on the clinicopathologic characteristics of the most common non-urothelial bladder cancers, to be distinguished from bladder cancer variant histology containing a UC component. The role of genomics in non-urothelial bladder cancers is evolving and the use of biomarkers to guide the diagnosis and treatment of these tumors remains a key area of unmet need. Treatment of these cancers will be discussed in a companion review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Mi Yu
- GU Medical Oncology, Inova Schar Cancer Institute, USA
| | - Sarah Belay
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, USA
| | - Wenping Li
- Department of Pathology, Inova Fairfax Hospital, USA
| | - Jeanny B Aragon-Ching
- GU Medical Oncology, Inova Schar Cancer Institute, USA; Associate Professor of Medical Education, University of Virginia, USA.
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Numerical aspects of thermo migrated radiative nanofluid flow towards a moving wedge with combined magnetic force and porous medium. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10120. [PMID: 35710928 PMCID: PMC9203506 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14259-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The researchers are continuously working on nanomaterials and exploring many multidisciplinary applications in thermal engineering, biomedical and industrial systems. In current problem, the analytical simulations for performed for thermos-migration flow of nanofluid subject to the thermal radiation and porous media. The moving wedge endorsed the flow pattern. The heat source effects are also utilized to improves the heat transfer rate. The applications of thermophoresis phenomenon are addressed. The formulated set of expressions are analytically treated with implementation of variational iteration method (VIM). The simulations are verified by making the comparison the numerical date with existing literature. The VIM analytical can effectively tackle the nonlinear coupled flow system effectively. The physical impact for flow regime due to different parameters is highlighted. Moreover, the numerical outcomes are listed for Nusselt number.
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