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Zhang Y, Hu Q, Zhai X, Tu Z, Wang J, Wang M, Li H. Genome-wide investigation of SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like genes in Liriodendron and functional characterization of LcSPL2. AOB PLANTS 2024; 16:plae008. [PMID: 38435968 PMCID: PMC10908533 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The plant-specific SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like (SPL) transcription factors play a pivotal role in various developmental processes, including leaf morphogenesis and vegetative to reproductive phase transition. Liriodendron chinense and Liriodendron tulipifera are widely used in landscaping due to their tulip-like flowers and peculiar leaves. However, the SPL gene family in Liriodendron has not been identified and systematically characterized. We systematically identified and characterized the SPL family members in Liriodendron, including phylogeny, gene structure and syntenic analyses. Subsequently, we quantified the expression patterns of LcSPLs across various tissue sites through transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays and identified the target gene, LcSPL2. Finally, we characterized the functions of LcSPL2 via ectopic transformation. Altogether, 17 LcSPL and 18 LtSPL genes were genome-widely identified in L. chinense and L. tulipifera, respectively. All the 35 SPLs were grouped into 9 clades. Both species had three SPL gene pairs arising from segmental duplication events, and the LcSPLs displayed high collinearity with the L. tulipifera genome. RT-qPCR assays showed that SPL genes were differentially expressed in different tissues, especially. Because LcSPL2 is highly expressed in pistils and leaves, it was selected to describe the SPL gene family of L. chinense by ectopic expression. We showed that overexpression of LcSPL2 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in earlier flowering and fewer rosette leaves. Moreover, we observed that overexpression of LcSPL2 in A. thaliana up-regulated the expression levels of four genes related to flower development. This study identified SPL genes in Liriodendron and characterized the function of LcSPL2 in advancing flower development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qinghua Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xinyu Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhonghua Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Minxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Huogen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Hou H, Tian M, Liu N, Huo J, Sui S, Li Z. Genome-wide analysis of MIKC C-type MADS-box genes and roles of CpFUL/SEP/AGL6 superclade in dormancy breaking and bud formation of Chimonanthus praecox. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:893-902. [PMID: 36878163 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Wintersweet (Chimonanthus praecox), a Magnoliidae tree, is popular for its unique fragrant aroma and winter-flowering characteristics, which is widely used in gardens and pots, or for cut flowers, essential oil, medicine, and edible products. MIKCC-type of MADS-box gene family play a crucial role in plant growth and development process, particularly in controlling flowering time and floral organ development. Although MIKCC-type genes have been well studied in many plant species, the study of MIKCC-type is poorly in C. praecox. In this study, we identified 30 MIKCC-type genes of C. praecox on gene structures, chromosomal location, conserved motifs, phylogenetic relationships based on bioinformatics tools. Phylogenetic relationships analysis with Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), rice (Oryza sativa Japonica), Amborella trichopoda and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) showed that CpMIKCCs were divided into 13 subclasses, each subclass containing 1 to 4 MIKCC-type genes. The Flowering locus C (FLC) subfamily was absent in C. praecox genome. CpMIKCCs were randomly distributed into eleven chromosomes of C. praecox. Besides, the quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR) was performed for the expression pattern of several MIKCC-type genes (CpFUL, CpSEPs and CpAGL6s) in seven bud differentiation stages and indicated that they were involved in dormancy breaking and bud formation. Additionally, overexpression of CpFUL in Arabidopsis Columbia-0 (Col-0) resulted in early flowering and showed difference in floral organs, leaves and fruits. These data could provide conducive information for understanding the roles of MIKCC-type genes in the floral development and lay a foundation for screening candidate genes to validate function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Hou
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Mingkang Tian
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Juntao Huo
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Shunzhao Sui
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhineng Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Hussain Q, Zheng M, Chang W, Ashraf MF, Khan R, Asim M, Riaz MW, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Zhang R, Wu J. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of SnRK2 Gene Family in Dormant Vegetative Buds of Liriodendron chinense in Response to Abscisic Acid, Chilling, and Photoperiod. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081305. [PMID: 35893042 PMCID: PMC9331246 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases play an essential role in plants’ responses to environmental stress signals. SnRK2 (sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 2) is a plant-specific protein kinase that plays a crucial role in abscisic acid and abiotic stress responses in some model plant species. In apple, corn, rice, pepper, grapevine, Arabidopsis thaliana, potato, and tomato, a genome-wide study of the SnRK2 protein family was performed earlier. The genome-wide comprehensive investigation was first revealed to categorize the SnRK2 genes in the Liriodendron chinense (L. chinense). The five SnRK2 genes found in the L. chinense genome were highlighted in this study. The structural gene variants, 3D structure, chromosomal distributions, motif analysis, phylogeny, subcellular localization, cis-regulatory elements, expression profiles in dormant buds, and photoperiod and chilling responses were all investigated in this research. The five SnRK2 genes from L. chinense were grouped into groups (I–IV) based on phylogeny analysis, with three being closely related to other species. Five hormones-, six stress-, two growths and biological process-, and two metabolic-related responsive elements were discovered by studying the cis-elements in the promoters. According to the expression analyses, all five genes were up- and down-regulated in response to abscisic acid (ABA), photoperiod, chilling, and chilling, as well as photoperiod treatments. Our findings gave insight into the SnRK2 family genes in L. chinense and opened up new study options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quaid Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Manjia Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Wenwen Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Muhammad Furqan Ashraf
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9009 Tromsø, Norway;
| | - Rayyan Khan
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (R.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Muhammad Asim
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (R.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Muhammad Waheed Riaz
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Correspondence:
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