1
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Pepe G, Appierdo R, Ausiello G, Helmer-Citterich M, Gherardini PF. A Meta-Analysis Approach to Gene Regulatory Network Inference Identifies Key Regulators of Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4224. [PMID: 38673810 PMCID: PMC11049946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a major concern for global health, whose mechanistic understanding is complicated by a complex interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Specifically, heart failure (HF), encompassing dilated cardiomyopathy (DC), ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), is a topic of substantial interest in basic and clinical research. Here, we used a Partial Correlation Coefficient-based algorithm (PCC) within the context of a meta-analysis framework to construct a Gene Regulatory Network (GRN) that identifies key regulators whose activity is perturbed in Heart Failure. By integrating data from multiple independent studies, our approach unveiled crucial regulatory associations between transcription factors (TFs) and structural genes, emphasizing their pivotal roles in regulating metabolic pathways, such as fatty acid metabolism, oxidative stress response, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and coagulation. In addition to known associations, our analysis also identified novel regulators, including the identification of TFs FPM315 and OVOL2, which are implicated in dilated cardiomyopathies, and TEAD1 and TEAD2 in both dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathies. Moreover, we uncovered alterations in adipogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation pathways in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and discovered a role for IL2 STAT5 signaling in heart failure. Our findings underscore the importance of TF activity in the initiation and progression of cardiac disease, highlighting their potential as pharmacological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Pepe
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (R.A.)
| | - Romina Appierdo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (R.A.)
- PhD Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Ausiello
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (R.A.)
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2
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Vasu MM, Koshy L, Ganapathi S, Jeemon P, Urulangodi M, Gopala S, Greeva P, Anitha A, Reethu S, Divya P, Shamla S, Sumitha K, Madhavan M, Vineeth CP, Kochumoni R, Harikrishnan S. Identification of novel endogenous control miRNAs in heart failure for normalization of qPCR data. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129714. [PMID: 38286377 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of non-coding RNAs, are utilized as biomarkers for a wide range of disorders. Circulating miRNAs are proposed as potential markers in the clinical identification of heart failure (HF). However, identifying miRNA biomarkers in HF requires identification of robust endogenous control miRNAs for normalization in differential expression analysis. Hence, this study aimed to identify circulating miRNAs that can be utilized as endogenous controls in HF. We evaluated the expression of eight miRNAs, which were previously reported as endogenous controls in different pathological conditions. Total RNA, including miRNA, was extracted from the serum samples of 30 HF patients (15 HFrEF and 15 HFpEF) and their matched controls (n = 15). We used quantitative PCR to determine the miRNA expression. The stability of the selected endogenous miRNAs was assessed and compared using a standard set of criteria with the RefFinder software. Six of the eight miRNAs analyzed showed consistent expression among all sample groups. Stability analysis ranked hsa-let-7i-5p, hsa-miR-148b-3p, and hsa-miR-484 as the most stable miRNAs, indicating their potential as reliable endogenous controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Mundalil Vasu
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Linda Koshy
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Sanjay Ganapathi
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India; Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Panniyammakal Jeemon
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India; Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Madhusoodanan Urulangodi
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Srinivas Gopala
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Philip Greeva
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Ayyappan Anitha
- Department of Neurogenetics, Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Kavalappara, Shoranur, Palakkad 679 523, Kerala, India
| | - Salim Reethu
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Prasad Divya
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Shajahan Shamla
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Kumar Sumitha
- Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Madhuma Madhavan
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - C Purushothaman Vineeth
- Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Rajamoni Kochumoni
- Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Sivadasanpillai Harikrishnan
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India; Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India.
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3
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Lozano-Velasco E, Inácio JM, Sousa I, Guimarães AR, Franco D, Moura G, Belo JA. miRNAs in Heart Development and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1673. [PMID: 38338950 PMCID: PMC10855082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a group of disorders that affect the heart and blood vessels. They include conditions such as myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmia, and congenital heart defects. CVDs are the leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, new medical interventions that aim to prevent, treat, or manage CVDs are of prime importance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level and play important roles in various biological processes, including cardiac development, function, and disease. Moreover, miRNAs can also act as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In order to identify and characterize miRNAs and their target genes, scientists take advantage of computational tools such as bioinformatic algorithms, which can also assist in analyzing miRNA expression profiles, functions, and interactions in different cardiac conditions. Indeed, the combination of miRNA research and bioinformatic algorithms has opened new avenues for understanding and treating CVDs. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the roles of miRNAs in cardiac development and CVDs, discuss the challenges and opportunities, and provide some examples of recent bioinformatics for miRNA research in cardiovascular biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (D.F.)
| | - José Manuel Inácio
- Stem Cells and Development Laboratory, iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-082 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Inês Sousa
- Genome Medicine Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute for Biomedicine–iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (I.S.); (A.R.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Ana Rita Guimarães
- Genome Medicine Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute for Biomedicine–iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (I.S.); (A.R.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (D.F.)
| | - Gabriela Moura
- Genome Medicine Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute for Biomedicine–iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (I.S.); (A.R.G.); (G.M.)
| | - José António Belo
- Stem Cells and Development Laboratory, iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-082 Lisbon, Portugal;
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4
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Aranega AE, Franco D. Posttranscriptional Regulation by Proteins and Noncoding RNAs. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1441:313-339. [PMID: 38884719 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-44087-8_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Posttranscriptional regulation comprises those mechanisms occurring after the initial copy of the DNA sequence is transcribed into an intermediate RNA molecule (i.e., messenger RNA) until such a molecule is used as a template to generate a protein. A subset of these posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms essentially are destined to process the immature mRNA toward its mature form, conferring the adequate mRNA stability, providing the means for pertinent introns excision, and controlling mRNA turnover rate and quality control check. An additional layer of complexity is added in certain cases, since discrete nucleotide modifications in the mature RNA molecule are added by RNA editing, a process that provides large mature mRNA diversity. Moreover, a number of posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms occur in a cell- and tissue-specific manner, such as alternative splicing and noncoding RNA-mediated regulation. In this chapter, we will briefly summarize current state-of-the-art knowledge of general posttranscriptional mechanisms, while major emphases will be devoted to those tissue-specific posttranscriptional modifications that impact on cardiac development and congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia E Aranega
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
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Crisci G, Bobbio E, Gentile P, Bromage DI, Bollano E, Ferone E, Israr MZ, Heaney LM, Polte CL, Cannatà A, Salzano A. Biomarkers in Acute Myocarditis and Chronic Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy: An Updated Review of the Literature. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7214. [PMID: 38068265 PMCID: PMC10706911 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12237214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocarditis is a disease caused by cardiac inflammation that can progress to dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and eventually death. Several etiologies, including autoimmune, drug-induced, and infectious, lead to inflammation, which causes damage to the myocardium, followed by remodeling and fibrosis. Although there has been an increasing understanding of pathophysiology, early and accurate diagnosis, and effective treatment remain challenging due to the high heterogeneity. As a result, many patients have poor prognosis, with those surviving at risk of long-term sequelae. Current diagnostic methods, including imaging and endomyocardial biopsy, are, at times, expensive, invasive, and not always performed early enough to affect disease progression. Therefore, the identification of accurate, cost-effective, and prognostically informative biomarkers is critical for screening and treatment. The review then focuses on the biomarkers currently associated with these conditions, which have been extensively studied via blood tests and imaging techniques. The information within this review was retrieved through extensive literature research conducted on major publicly accessible databases and has been collated and revised by an international panel of experts. The biomarkers discussed in the article have shown great promise in clinical research studies and provide clinicians with essential tools for early diagnosis and improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Crisci
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Italian Clinical Outcome Research and Reporting Program (I-CORRP), 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bobbio
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (E.B.); (E.B.)
- Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Piero Gentile
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, 20162 Milan, Italy;
| | - Daniel I. Bromage
- Department of Cardiology, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK; (D.I.B.); (E.F.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Entela Bollano
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (E.B.); (E.B.)
- Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Emma Ferone
- Department of Cardiology, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK; (D.I.B.); (E.F.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Muhammad Zubair Israr
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Groby Road, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK;
| | - Liam M. Heaney
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK;
| | - Christian L. Polte
- Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden;
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antonio Cannatà
- Department of Cardiology, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK; (D.I.B.); (E.F.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Andrea Salzano
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Groby Road, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK;
- Cardiology Unit, AORN A Cardarelli, 80131 Naples, Italy
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6
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Xue P, Liu Y, Wang H, Huang J, Luo M. miRNA-103-3p-Hlf regulates apoptosis and autophagy by targeting hepatic leukaemia factor in heart failure. ESC Heart Fail 2023; 10:3038-3045. [PMID: 37562973 PMCID: PMC10567626 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is an important factor leading to the occurrence and development of heart failure (HF), which is associated with high mortality of patients with cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms of HF in terms of expression and regulation patterns using bioinformatics and experimental validation. METHODS AND RESULTS Two HF datasets were collected: a dataset GSE112056 downloaded from the GEO database (including mRNA and miRNA sequencing data) and another is the laboratory-owned mRNA dataset. Differential mRNAs and miRNAs in the two datasets were screened using the raw Bayesian approach method. Gene Ontology was used to perform functional enrichment analysis of the differential mRNAs and co-expression network analysis of the differential mRNAs, combined with nuclear transcription factors in the differential miRNAs and mRNAs for target gene prediction. A HF cell model was constructed using mouse cardiomyocytes (HL-1), and the role and mechanism of miRNA-103-3p-Hlf (hepatic leukaemia factor) in the process of HF was verified by cell transfection, luciferase reporter gene, WB, and qPCR. We found that Hlf gene expression was decreased in the HF model group and strongly correlated with FYCO1 (FYVE and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 1) gene, a phenomenon enriched in apoptotic autophagy-related pathways. MiR-103-3p expression was up-regulated in the HF model group, and its targeting correlation with Hlf was confirmed by luciferase activity assay. In the HL-1 cell model, miR-103-3p significantly promoted apoptosis and inhibited autophagy in HL-1 cells (all P < 0.05), and overexpression of the Hlf gene reversed this phenomenon, inhibiting apoptosis and promoting autophagy in HL-1 cells (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS MiR-103-3p affects myocardial cells apoptosis and autophagy by targeting Hlf, playing as a potential therapeutic biomarker for HF progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Xue
- Department of GeriatricsTongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of CardiologyThe Third the People's Hospital of BengbuBengbuChina
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of GeriatricsTongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of GeriatricsTongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Junling Huang
- Department of GeriatricsTongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ming Luo
- Department of GeriatricsTongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
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7
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Shirvaliloo M. LncRNA H19 promotes tumor angiogenesis in smokers by targeting anti-angiogenic miRNAs. Epigenomics 2023; 15:61-73. [PMID: 36802727 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2022-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A key concept in drug discovery is the identification of candidate therapeutic targets such as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) because of their extensive involvement in neoplasms, and impressionability by smoking. Induced by exposure to cigarette smoke, lncRNA H19 targets and inactivates miR-29, miR-30a, miR-107, miR-140, miR-148b, miR-199a and miR-200, which control the rate of angiogenesis by inhibiting BiP, DLL4, FGF7, HIF1A, HIF1B, HIF2A, PDGFB, PDGFRA, VEGFA, VEGFB, VEGFC, VEGFR1, VEGFR2 and VEGFR3. Nevertheless, these miRNAs are often dysregulated in bladder cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, glioma, gastric adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, meningioma, non-small-cell lung carcinoma, oral squamous cell carcinoma, ovarian cancer, prostate adenocarcinoma and renal cell carcinoma. As such, the present perspective article seeks to establish an evidence-based hypothetical model of how a smoking-related lncRNA known as H19 might aggravate angiogenesis by interfering with miRNAs that would otherwise regulate angiogenesis in a nonsmoking individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Shirvaliloo
- Infectious & Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 15731, Iran.,Future Science Group, Unitec House, 2 Albert Place, London, N3 1QB, UK
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8
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Lu Y, Wang D, Zhu Y, Du Y, Zhang J, Yang H. A risk model developed based on necroptosis to assess progression for ischemic cardiomyopathy and identify possible therapeutic drugs. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1039857. [PMID: 36518671 PMCID: PMC9744324 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1039857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Object: Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), with high morbidity and mortality, is the most common cause of heart failure. Cardiovascular remodeling secondary to chronic myocardial ischemia is the main cause of its progression. A recently identified type of programmed cell death called necroptosis is crucial in the development of various cardiovascular diseases. However, the function role of necroptosis in cardiac remodeling of ICM has not been elucidated. Our study aimed to screen for genes associated with necroptosis and construct a risk score to assess the progression and evaluate the prognosis of ICM patients, and further to search for potentially therapeutic drugs. Methods: The gene expression profiling was obtained from the GEO database. LASSO regression analysis was used to construct necroptosis-related gene signatures associated with ICM progression and prognosis. TF-gene and miRNA-gene networks were constructed to identify the regulatory targets of potential necroptosis-related signature genes. Pathway alterations in patients with high necroptosis-related score (NRS) were analyzed by GO, KEGG, GSEA analysis, and immune cell infiltration was estimated by ImmuCellAI analysis. CMap analysis was performed to screen potential small molecule compounds targeting patients with high NRS. Independent risk analyses were performed using nomograms. Results: Six necroptosis-related signature genes (STAT4, TNFSF10, CHMP5, CHMP18, JAK1, and CFLAR) were used to define the NRS, with areas under the ROC curves of 0.833, 0.765, and 0.75 for training test, test set, and validation set, respectively. Transcription factors FOXC1 and hsa-miR-124-3p miRNA may be regulators of signature genes. Patients with higher NRS have pathway enriched in fibrosis and metabolism and elevated nTreg cells. AZD-7762 may be an effective drug to improve the prognosis of patients with high NRS. A feature-based nomogram was constructed from which patients could derive clinical benefit. Conclusion: Our results reveal 6 necroptosis gene signatures that can evaluate the progression and prognosis of ICM with high clinical value, and identify potential targets that could help improve cardiovascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dashuai Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaoxi Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yimei Du
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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9
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Gargiulo P, Marzano F, Salvatore M, Basile C, Buonocore D, Parlati ALM, Nardi E, Asile G, Abbate V, Colella A, Chirico A, Marciano C, Paolillo S, Perrone‐Filardi P. MicroRNAs: diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic role in heart failure—a review. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 10:753-761. [PMID: 36349485 PMCID: PMC10053166 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, with relevant social and economic burden on global healthcare system. Although the development of novel diagnostic tools and the advance in therapies have deeply influenced the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, improving both prognosis and life expectancy of patients, hospitalization is still high, and mortality remains considerable. MicroRNAs are small endogenous RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression in both physiological and pathological processes. In recent years, microRNA have arisen as attractive therapeutic targets in the treatment of a wide spectrum of pathologies, including heart failure. In cardiac pathology, deregulation of microRNAs expression and function is associated to adverse outcome and heart failure progression. Circulating levels of specific microRNAs have emerged as useful biomarkers for the diagnosis of heart failure or as prognostic indicators. In the present review, we summarize the state of current research on the role of miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in patients with heart failure and their use as potential therapeutic targets for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Gargiulo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | | | | | - Christian Basile
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Davide Buonocore
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | | | - Ermanno Nardi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Gaetano Asile
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Vincenza Abbate
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Angela Colella
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Alfonsina Chirico
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Caterina Marciano
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Stefania Paolillo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Pasquale Perrone‐Filardi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro Naples Italy
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10
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Alonso-Villa E, Bonet F, Hernandez-Torres F, Campuzano Ó, Sarquella-Brugada G, Quezada-Feijoo M, Ramos M, Mangas A, Toro R. The Role of MicroRNAs in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: New Insights for an Old Entity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113573. [PMID: 36362356 PMCID: PMC9659086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a clinical diagnosis characterized by left ventricular or biventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction. In most cases, DCM is progressive, leading to heart failure (HF) and death. This cardiomyopathy has been considered a common and final phenotype of several entities. DCM occurs when cellular pathways fail to maintain the pumping function. The etiology of this disease encompasses several factors, such as ischemia, infection, autoimmunity, drugs or genetic susceptibility. Although the prognosis has improved in the last few years due to red flag clinical follow-up, early familial diagnosis and ongoing optimization of treatment, due to its heterogeneity, there are no targeted therapies available for DCM based on each etiology. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of DCM will provide novel therapeutic strategies against this cardiac disease and their different triggers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small noncoding RNAs that play key roles in post-transcriptional gene silencing by targeting mRNAs for translational repression or, to a lesser extent, degradation. A growing number of studies have demonstrated critical functions of miRNAs in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including DCM, by regulating mechanisms that contribute to the progression of the disease. Herein, we summarize the role of miRNAs in inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis, exclusively in the context of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Alonso-Villa
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cádiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.A.-V.); (R.T.)
| | - Fernando Bonet
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Francisco Hernandez-Torres
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Óscar Campuzano
- Cardiology Service, Hospital Josep Trueta, University of Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), 17190 Salt, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Georgia Sarquella-Brugada
- Medical Science Department, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Arrhythmias Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Quezada-Feijoo
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja, 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine School, Alfonso X el Sabio University, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Ramos
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja, 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine School, Alfonso X el Sabio University, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alipio Mangas
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cádiz, Spain
- Internal Medicine Department, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Rocío Toro
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cádiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.A.-V.); (R.T.)
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11
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Lewandowski P, Goławski M, Baron M, Reichman-Warmusz E, Wojnicz R. A Systematic Review of miRNA and cfDNA as Potential Biomarkers for Liquid Biopsy in Myocarditis and Inflammatory Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101476. [PMID: 36291684 PMCID: PMC9599237 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocarditis and inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy are cardiac diseases leading to heart failure. Liquid biopsy is a concept of replacing traditional biopsy with specialized blood tests. The study aim was to summarize and assess the usefulness of microRNAs and circulating free DNA as biomarkers of myocardial inflammation. For this systematic review, we searched Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed. All studies measuring microRNAs in serum/plasma/cardiac tissue or circulating free DNA during myocarditis and non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy in humans in which healthy subjects or another cardiac disease served as a comparator were included. Data were extracted and miRNAs were screened and assessed using a scale created in-house. Then, highly graded miRNAs were assessed for usability as liquid biopsy biomarkers. Of 1185 records identified, 56 were eligible and 187 miRNAs were found. We did not identify any studies measuring circulating free DNA. In total, 24 of the screened miRNAs were included in the final assessment, 3 of which were selected as the best and 3 as potential candidates. We were not able to assess the risk of bias and the final inclusion decision was made by consensus. Serum levels of three miRNAs—miR-Chr8:96, miR-155, and miR-206—are the best candidates for myocardial inflammation liquid biopsy panel. Further studies are necessary to prove their role, specificity, and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Lewandowski
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-32-275-50-09
| | - Marcin Goławski
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Maciej Baron
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Edyta Reichman-Warmusz
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Romuald Wojnicz
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Silesian Nanomicroscopy Center, Silesia LabMed—Research and Implementation Center, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
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12
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Ma X, Mo C, Huang L, Cao P, Shen L, Gui C. An Robust Rank Aggregation and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator Analysis of Novel Gene Signatures in Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:747803. [PMID: 34970603 PMCID: PMC8713643 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.747803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a heart disease with high mortality characterized by progressive cardiac dilation and myocardial contractility reduction. The molecular signature of dilated cardiomyopathy remains to be defined. Hence, seeking potential biomarkers and therapeutic of DCM is urgent and necessary. Methods: In this study, we utilized the Robust Rank Aggregation (RRA) method to integrate four eligible DCM microarray datasets from the GEO and identified a set of significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between dilated cardiomyopathy and non-heart failure. Moreover, LASSO analysis was carried out to clarify the diagnostic and DCM clinical features of these genes and identify dilated cardiomyopathy derived diagnostic signatures (DCMDDS). Results: A total of 117 DEGs were identified across the four microarrays. Furthermore, GO analysis demonstrated that these DEGs were mainly enriched in the regulation of inflammatory response, the humoral immune response, the regulation of blood pressure and collagen–containing extracellular matrix. In addition, KEGG analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly enriched in diverse infected signaling pathways. Moreover, Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that immune and inflammatory biological processes such as adaptive immune response, cellular response to interferon and cardiac muscle contraction, dilated cardiomyopathy are significantly enriched in DCM. Moreover, Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analyses of the 18 DCM-related genes developed a 7-gene signature predictive of DCM. This signature included ANKRD1, COL1A1, MYH6, PERELP, PRKACA, CDKN1A, and OMD. Interestingly, five of these seven genes have a correlation with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in DCM patients. Conclusion: Our present study demonstrated that the signatures could be robust tools for predicting DCM in clinical practice. And may also be potential treatment targets for clinical implication in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Changhua Mo
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Liangzhao Huang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Peidong Cao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Louyi Shen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chun Gui
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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13
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Chiti E, Di Paolo M, Turillazzi E, Rocchi A. MicroRNAs in Hypertrophic, Arrhythmogenic and Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11091720. [PMID: 34574061 PMCID: PMC8469137 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs of about 20 nucleotides in length, involved in the regulation of many biochemical pathways in the human body. The level of miRNAs in tissues and circulation can be deregulated because of altered pathophysiological mechanisms; thus, they can be employed as biomarkers for different pathological conditions, such as cardiac diseases. This review summarizes published findings of these molecular biomarkers in the three most common structural cardiomyopathies: human dilated, arrhythmogenic and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Chiti
- Institute of Life Science, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Marco Di Paolo
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.D.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Emanuela Turillazzi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.D.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Anna Rocchi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.D.P.); (E.T.)
- Correspondence:
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