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Sun Y, Chong WG. Structural engineering of electrodes for flexible energy storage devices. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023. [PMID: 37144354 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00045a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of multifunctional wearable electronics over the past decades has triggered the exploration of flexible energy storage devices. As an important component of flexible batteries, novel electrodes with good flexibility, mechanical stability and high energy density are required to adapt to mechanical deformation while powering devices. Electrodes with sophisticated designed structures are key to achieving novel batteries and supercapacitors with extended lifetimes under long-term deformation exposures. Many different novel structures including serpentine, auxetic and biomimetic are explored to construct electrodes thanks to their excellent mechanical deformability in three dimensions. This paper considers the various design strategies established for fabricating flexible electrodes using novel structural modifications. The current state-of-the-art developments of novel structures made of two-dimensional (2D) planar and three-dimensional (3D) cellular, interconnected architectures for flexible energy storage with different functionalities, are discussed. The key tunable geometrical parameters of structures for achieving high performance are critically assessed, and the challenges and limitations of electrodes facing their practical application are revealed, to offer new insights into future prospects of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchu Sun
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
- Institute of New Energy & Low Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, Sichuan, P. R. China
- Energy Resources Centre of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Woon Gie Chong
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
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Rafique A, Ferreira I, Abbas G, Baptista AC. Recent Advances and Challenges Toward Application of Fibers and Textiles in Integrated Photovoltaic Energy Storage Devices. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:40. [PMID: 36662335 PMCID: PMC9860006 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-01008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Flexible microelectronic devices have seen an increasing trend toward development of miniaturized, portable, and integrated devices as wearable electronics which have the requirement for being light weight, small in dimension, and suppleness. Traditional three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) electronics gadgets fail to effectively comply with these necessities owing to their stiffness and large weights. Investigations have come up with a new family of one-dimensional (1D) flexible and fiber-based electronic devices (FBEDs) comprising power storage, energy-scavenging, implantable sensing, and flexible displays gadgets. However, development and manufacturing are still a challenge owing to their small radius, flexibility, low weight, weave ability and integration in textile electronics. This paper will provide a detailed review on the importance of substrates in electronic devices, intrinsic property requirements, fabrication classification and applications in energy harvesting, energy storage and other flexible electronic devices. Fiber- and textile-based electronic devices for bulk/scalable fabrications, encapsulation, and testing are reviewed and presented future research ideas to enhance the commercialization of these fiber-based electronics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjid Rafique
- CENIMAT|I3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Isabel Ferreira
- CENIMAT|I3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- CENIMAT|I3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Catarina Baptista
- CENIMAT|I3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
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Ma J, Oh K, Tagliabue G. Understanding Wavelength-Dependent Synergies between Morphology and Photonic Design in TiO 2-Based Solar Powered Redox Cells. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:11-21. [PMID: 36660095 PMCID: PMC9841569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c05893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Solar powered redox cells (SPRCs) are promising for large-scale and long-term storage of solar-energy, particularly when coupled with redox flow batteries (RFBs). While efforts have primarily focused on heterostructure engineering, the potential of synergistic morphology and photonic design has not been carefully studied. Here, we investigate the wavelength-dependent effects of light-absorption and charge transfer characteristics on the performance of gold decorated TiO2-based SPRC photoanodes operating with RFB-compatible redox couples. Through an in-depth optical and photoelectrochemical characterization of three complementary TiO2 microstructures, namely nanotubes, honeycombs, and nanoparticles, we elucidate the combined effects of nanometer-scale semiconductor morphology and plasmonic design across the visible spectrum. In particular, thin-walled TiO2 nanotubes exhibit a ∼ 50% increase in solar-to-chemical efficiency (STC) compared to thick-walled TiO2 honeycombs thanks to improved charge transfer. Au nanoparticles both increase generation and interfacial charge transfer (above bandgap) and promote hot carrier injection (below bandgap) leading to a further 25% increase in STC. Overall, Au/TiO2 nanotubes achieve a high photocurrent at 0.098 mA/cm2 and an excellent STC of 0.06%, among the highest with respect to the theoretical limit. The incident photon to current efficiency and internal quantum efficiency are also superior to those of bare TiO2 showing maximum values of 54.7% and 67%, respectively. Overall, nanophotonic engineering that synergistically combines morphology optimization and plasmonic sensitization schemes offer new avenues for improving rechargeable solar-energy technologies such as solar redox flow batteries.
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Athithya S, Manikandan VS, Harish SK, Silambarasan K, Gopalakrishnan S, Ikeda H, Navaneethan M, Archana J. Plasmon Effect of Ag Nanoparticles on TiO 2/rGO Nanostructures for Enhanced Energy Harvesting and Environmental Remediation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:65. [PMID: 36615977 PMCID: PMC9824111 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We report Ag nanoparticles infused with mesosphere TiO2/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheet (TiO2/rGO/Ag) hybrid nanostructures have been successfully fabricated using a series of solution process synthesis routes and an in-situ growth method. The prepared hybrid nanostructure is utilized for the fabrication of photovoltaic cells and the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants. The photovoltaic characteristics of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) device with plasmonic hybrid nanostructure (TiO2/rGO/Ag) photoanode achieved a highest short-circuit current density (JSC) of 16.05 mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.74 V and a fill factor (FF) of 62.5%. The fabricated plasmonic DSSC device exhibited a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.27%, which is almost 1.7 times higher than the TiO2-based DSSC (4.10%). For the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, the prepared TiO2/rGO/Ag photocatalyst exhibited superior photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) dye molecules at around 93% and the mineralization of total organic compounds (TOC) by 80% in aqueous solution after 160 min under continuous irradiation with natural sunlight. Moreover, the enhanced performance of the DSSC device and the MB dye degradation exhibited by the hybrid nanostructures are more associated with their high surface area. Therefore, the proposed plasmonic hybrid nanostructure system is a further development for photovoltaics and environmental remediation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seenidurai Athithya
- Functional Materials and Energy Devices Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, India
| | - Valparai Surangani Manikandan
- Functional Materials and Energy Devices Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, India
| | - Santhana Krishnan Harish
- Functional Materials and Energy Devices Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, India
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-Ku, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Japan
| | - Kuppusamy Silambarasan
- Functional Materials and Energy Devices Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, India
| | - Shanmugam Gopalakrishnan
- Functional Materials and Energy Devices Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, India
- Nanotechnology Research Center (NRC), SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, India
| | - Hiroya Ikeda
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-Ku, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Japan
| | - Mani Navaneethan
- Functional Materials and Energy Devices Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, India
- Nanotechnology Research Center (NRC), SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, India
| | - Jayaram Archana
- Functional Materials and Energy Devices Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, India
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Singh P, Kachhap S, Singh P, Singh S. Lanthanide-based hybrid nanostructures: Classification, synthesis, optical properties, and multifunctional applications. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Huang HJ, Chang HW, Lee CY, Shiao MH, Chiu YL, Lee PY, Lin YS. Effect of synthesis time on plasmonic properties of Ag dendritic nanoforests. IUCRJ 2022; 9:355-363. [PMID: 35546804 PMCID: PMC9067114 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252522002901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The effects of synthesis time on the plasmonic properties of Ag dendritic nanoforests on Si substrate (Ag-DNF/Si) samples synthesized through the fluoride-assisted galvanic replacement reaction were investigated. The Ag-DNF/Si samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, reflection spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The prolonged reaction time led to the growth of an Ag-DNF layer and etched Si hole array. SEM images and variations in the fractal dimension index indicated that complex-structure, feather-like leaves became coral-like branches between 30 and 60 min of synthesis. The morphological variation during the growth of the Ag DNFs resulted in different optical responses to light illumination, especially those of light harvest and energy transformation. The sample achieved the most desirable light-to-heat conversion efficiency and SERS response with a 30 min growth time. A longer synthesis time or thicker Ag-DNF layer on the Si substrate did not have superior plasmonic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Ji Huang
- Department of Electra-Optical Engineering, National Formosa University, Yunlin 632301, Taiwan
| | - Han-Wei Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360302, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360302, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hua Shiao
- Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu 300092, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ling Chiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360302, Taiwan
| | - Pee-Yew Lee
- Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Sheng Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360302, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360302, Taiwan
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
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Photovoltaic Performance of Spherical TiO2 Nanoparticles Derived from Titanium Hydroxide Ti(OH)4: Role of Annealing Varying Temperature. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15051648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
High-quality titanium dioxide (TiO2 or titania) nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) with tailored morphologies are desirable for efficient photovoltaic applications. In this view, some thin films containing spherical TiO2NPs were prepared on indium tin oxide (ITO) and silicon (Si) substrates from titanium hydroxide Ti(OH)4 using the unified sol-gel, spray and spin coating method followed by thermal annealing at different temperatures (in the range of 200–650 °C). Samples were characterized using various analytical tools to determine the influence of annealing temperatures on their structures, morphologies, and optical and photovoltaic characteristics. A field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) images of the annealed films displayed the existence of spherical TiO2NPs of average size in the range of 3.2 to 33.94 nm. XRD analysis of the films showed their amorphous nature with anatase and rutile phase. Optical UV-Vis spectral analysis of the annealed films exhibited a decrease in the bandgap energy from 3.84 to 3.24 eV with the corresponding increase of annealing temperature from 200 to 650 °C. The optimum films obtained at 500 and 600 °C were utilized as electron transport layers to fabricate the metal-insulator-semiconductor solar cells. The cells’ power conversion efficiency assembled with the spherical TiO2NPs-enclosed thin films annealed at 500 and 600 °C were 1.02 and 0.28%, respectively. Furthermore, it was shown that the overall properties and photovoltaic performance of the TiO2NPs-based thin films could be improved via thermal annealing.
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Alizadeh A, Shariatinia Z. Unveiling the influence of SmFeO3-TiO2 nanocomposites as high performance photoanodes of dye-sensitized solar cells. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Xiao X. Facile fabrication of flexible sustainable light energy harvester for self-powered sensor system in food monitoring. SENSORS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2021.100133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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10
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A computational approach on engineering short spacer for carbazole-based dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Krishnapriya R, Nizamudeen C, Saini B, Mozumder MS, Sharma RK, Mourad AHI. MOF-derived Co 2+-doped TiO 2 nanoparticles as photoanodes for dye-sensitized solar cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16265. [PMID: 34381114 PMCID: PMC8358052 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95844-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Facile synthesis and application of nano-sized semiconductor metal oxides for optoelectronic devices have always affected fabrication challenges since it involves multi-step synthesis processes. In this regard, semiconductor oxides derived directly from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) routes have gained a great deal of scientific interest owing to their high specific surface area, regular and tunable pore structures. Exploring the application potential of these MOF-derived semiconductor oxides systems for clean energy conversion and storage devices is currently a hot topic of research. In this study, titanium-based MIL-125(Ti) MOFs were used as a precursor to synthesize cobalt-doped TiO2-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) for the first time. The thermal decomposition of the MOF precursor under an air atmosphere at 400 °C resulted in mesoporous anatase-type TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) of uniform morphology, large surface area with narrow pore distribution. The Co2+ doping in TiO2 leads to enhanced light absorption in the visible region. When used as photoanode in DSSCs, a good power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.86% with good photocurrent density (Jsc) of 13.96 mA cm-2 was obtained with the lowest recombination resistance and the longest electron lifetime, which is better than the performance of the pristine TiO2-based photoanode.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Krishnapriya
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirate University, Al Ain 15551, UAE
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - C Nizamudeen
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirate University, Al Ain 15551, UAE
| | - B Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - M Sayem Mozumder
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirate University, Al Ain, 15551, UAE
| | - Rakesh K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - A-H I Mourad
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirate University, Al Ain 15551, UAE.
- National Water and Energy Centre, United Arab Emirate University, Al Ain, 15551, UAE.
- On Leave From Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Huang HJ, Shiao MH, Lin YW, Lin BJ, Su J, Lin YS, Chang HW. Au@Ag Dendritic Nanoforests for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensing. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11071736. [PMID: 34209414 PMCID: PMC8307875 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effects of Au cores in Ag shells in enhancing surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) were evaluated with samples of various Au/Ag ratios. High-density Ag shell/Au core dendritic nanoforests (Au@Ag-DNFs) on silicon (Au@Ag-DNFs/Si) were synthesized using the fluoride-assisted Galvanic replacement reaction method. The synthesized Au@Ag-DNFs/Si samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, reflection spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. The ultraviolet-visible extinction spectrum exhibited increased extinction induced by the addition of Ag when creating the metal DNFs layer. The pure Ag DNFs exhibited high optical extinction of visible light, but low SERS response compared with Au@Ag DNFs. The Au core (with high refractive index real part) in Au@Ag DNFs maintained a long-leaf structure that focused the illumination light, resulting in the apparent SERS enhancement of the Ag coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Ji Huang
- Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu 300092, Taiwan; (H.J.H.); (M.-H.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Ming-Hua Shiao
- Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu 300092, Taiwan; (H.J.H.); (M.-H.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Yang-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500207, Taiwan;
| | - Bei-Ju Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360001, Taiwan;
| | - James Su
- Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu 300092, Taiwan; (H.J.H.); (M.-H.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Yung-Sheng Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360001, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360001, Taiwan
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-S.L.); (H.-W.C.); Tel.: +886-37-382199 (Y.-S.L.); +886-37-382216 (H.-W.C.)
| | - Han-Wei Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360001, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (Y.-S.L.); (H.-W.C.); Tel.: +886-37-382199 (Y.-S.L.); +886-37-382216 (H.-W.C.)
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Solution Processed Zn 1-x-ySm xCu yO Nanorod Arrays for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11071710. [PMID: 34209592 PMCID: PMC8308160 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cu- and Sm-doped ZnO nanorod arrays were grown with 1 wt% of Sm and different weight percents (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 wt%) of Cu by two-step hydrothermal method. The influence of Cu concentration and precursor of Sm on the structural, optical and photovoltaic properties of ZnO nanorod arrays was investigated. An X-ray diffraction study showed that the nanorod arrays grown along the (002) plane, i.e., c-axis, had hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure. The lattice strain is present in all samples and shows an increasing trend with Cu/Sm concentration. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the morphology and the nanorod arrays grown vertically on the FTO substrates. The diameter of nanorod arrays ranged from 68 nm to 137 nm and was found highly dependent on Cu concentration and Sm precursor while the density of nanorod arrays almost remains the same. The grown nanorod arrays served as photoelectrodes for fabricating dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The overall light to electricity conversion efficiency ranged from 1.74% (sample S1, doped with 1 wt% of Sm and 0.0 wt% of Cu) to more than 4.14% (sample S4, doped with 1 wt% of Sm and 1.5 wt% of Cu), which is 60% higher than former sample S1. The increment in DSSCs efficiency is attributed either because of the doping of Sm3+ ions which increase the absorption region of light spectrum by up/down conversion or the doping of Cu ions which decrease the recombination and backward transfer of photo-generated electrons and increase the electron transport mobility. This work indicates that the coupled use of Cu and Sm in ZnO nanorod array films have the potential to enhance the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells.
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Chung NTK, Nguyen PT, Tung HT, Phuc DH. Quantum Dot Sensitized Solar Cell: Photoanodes, Counter Electrodes, and Electrolytes. Molecules 2021; 26:2638. [PMID: 33946485 PMCID: PMC8125700 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we provide the reader with an overview of quantum dot application in solar cells to replace dye molecules, where the quantum dots play a key role in photon absorption and excited charge generation in the device. The brief shows the types of quantum dot sensitized solar cells and presents the obtained results of them for each type of cell, and provides the advantages and disadvantages. Lastly, methods are proposed to improve the efficiency performance in the next researching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Kim Chung
- Thu Dau Mot University, Number 6, Tran Van on Street, Phu Hoa Ward, Thu Dau Mot 55000, Vietnam;
| | - Phat Tan Nguyen
- Department of Physics, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City 70250, Vietnam;
| | - Ha Thanh Tung
- Faculty of Physics, Dong Thap University, Cao Lanh City 870000, Vietnam
| | - Dang Huu Phuc
- Laboratory of Applied Physics, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 70880, Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 70880, Vietnam
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