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Tiligada E, Stefanaki C, Ennis M, Neumann D. Opportunities and challenges in the therapeutic exploitation of histamine and histamine receptor pharmacology in inflammation-driven disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 263:108722. [PMID: 39306197 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation-driven diseases encompass a wide array of pathological conditions characterised by immune system dysregulation leading to tissue damage and dysfunction. Among the myriad of mediators involved in the regulation of inflammation, histamine has emerged as a key modulatory player. Histamine elicits its actions through four rhodopsin-like G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), named chronologically in order of discovery as histamine H1, H2, H3 and H4 receptors (H1-4R). The relatively low affinity H1R and H2R play pivotal roles in mediating allergic inflammation and gastric acid secretion, respectively, whereas the high affinity H3R and H4R are primarily linked to neurotransmission and immunomodulation, respectively. Importantly, however, besides the H4R, both H1R and H2R are also crucial in driving immune responses, the H2R tending to promote yet ill-defined and unexploited suppressive, protective and/or resolving processes. The modulatory action of histamine via its receptors on inflammatory cells is described in detail. The potential therapeutic value of the most recently discovered H4R in inflammatory disorders is illustrated via a selection of preclinical models. The clinical trials with antagonists of this receptor are discussed and possible reasons for their lack of success described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterini Tiligada
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Charikleia Stefanaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Madeleine Ennis
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Detlef Neumann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Oberholtzer S, Zhu X, Dedeaux A, Martin O, Gould EN. Retrospective evaluation of the effect of acid suppressant drugs on leukocyte ratios in dogs with mast cell tumors. J Vet Intern Med 2024; 38:2305-2315. [PMID: 38888250 PMCID: PMC11256160 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acid suppressant drugs (ASDs) are commonly used to decrease gastric acid production, but some evidence exists that ASDs exert immunomodulatory effects. Such an effect has not been investigated in dogs for which ASDs are routinely prescribed. HYPOTHESIS Compared to naïve subjects, dogs treated with ASDs will exhibit differences in leukocyte ratios after treatment. ANIMALS Fifty-one dogs with mast cell tumors (MCTs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Dogs with MCT that were either AS naïve or treated with ASDs (i.e., histamine-2-receptor antagonists [H2RA] or proton pump inhibitors [PPI]) were included in this retrospective study. Subjects were categorized into 3 treatment groups (AS naïve, H2RA treated, and PPI treated), and leukocyte ratios (neutrophil:eosinophil, lymphocyte:monocyte, and neutrophil:lymphocyte [NLR]) were calculated before and after treatment. A mixed effects analysis of variance on ranks was used to assess differences in ratios between treatments, between pre- and post-treatment time points, and between pre- and post-time points for each treatment. Concurrent administration of antihistamines, corticosteroids, and chemotherapeutic drugs was assessed as a confounding factor. RESULTS Famotidine (n = 14/14) and omeprazole (n = 12/12) were the only H2RA and PPI used, respectively. Dogs receiving famotidine had a significant increase in median NLR from pre- to post-treatment (3.429; range, 1.417-15 to 5.631; range, 2.654-92; P < 0.01) compared to PPI treated or AS naïve dogs. No differences existed in chemotherapeutic drug or corticosteroid use between groups. CONCLUSIONS A significant difference in NLR was identified in famotidine treated dogs compared with omeprazole treated or AS naïve dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Oberholtzer
- Department of Small Animal Clinical SciencesSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine, University of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Xiaojuan Zhu
- Office of Innovative TechnologiesThe University of Tennessee, KnoxvilleKnoxvileTennesseeUSA
| | - Andrea Dedeaux
- Department of Small Animal Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine, University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Olya Martin
- Department of Small Animal Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine, University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Emily N. Gould
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical SciencesTexas A&M University, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesCollege StationTexasUSA
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Manthiram K. What is PFAPA syndrome? Genetic clues about the pathogenesis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2023; 35:423-428. [PMID: 37467064 PMCID: PMC10538419 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome is the most common periodic fever syndrome in childhood. Recent studies report genetic susceptibility variants for PFAPA syndrome and the efficacy of tonsillectomy in a broader cohort of patients with recurrent stereotypical fever. In this review, we highlight the findings of these studies and what they may reveal about the pathogenesis of PFAPA. RECENT FINDINGS Newly identified genetic susceptibility loci for PFAPA suggest that it is a complex genetic disorder linked to Behçet's disease and recurrent aphthous ulcers. Patients who have PFAPA with some features of Behçet's disease have been reported. Moreover, the efficacy of tonsillectomy has now been described in patients who do not meet the full diagnostic criteria for PFAPA, although the immunologic profile in the tonsils is different from those with PFAPA. Factors that predict response to tonsillectomy are also reported. SUMMARY These findings highlight the heterogeneous phenotypes that may be related to PFAPA due to common genetic susceptibility or response to therapy. These relationships raise questions about how to define PFAPA and highlight the importance of understanding of the genetic architecture of PFAPA and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Manthiram
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Gould EN, Szule JA, Wilson-Robles H, Steiner JM, Lennon EM, Tolbert MK. Esomeprazole induces structural changes and apoptosis and alters function of in vitro canine neoplastic mast cells. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2023; 256:110539. [PMID: 36592548 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Histamine-2 receptor antagonists such as famotidine and proton pump inhibitors such as esomeprazole are commonly used in canine MCT disease, but direct effects on dog MCs have not been evaluated. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor which has been demonstrated to cause structural and functional changes to in vitro murine mast cells (MCs). It has not yet been determined if esomeprazole, the commercially available and commonly prescribed S-isomer of omeprazole, has similar effects. Our primary study objective was to evaluate and compare the effects of acid suppressants (esomeprazole and famotidine) on MC ultrastructure, viability, and function in vitro using both healthy and neoplastic MCs. Murine bone marrow derived mast cells (BMMC), human LAD2, and canine C2 and BR cells, were used for these studies, representing a single healthy (i.e., BMMCs) MC model and multiple neoplastic MC models (i.e., LAD2, C2, BR), respectively. The rat basophilic leukemic (RBL-2H3) and canine B cell lymphoma 17-71 cell lines served as granulocytic and agranulocytic control lines for experiments, respectively. The treatment effect of acid suppressants on MC ultrastructure was assessed via both light and transmission electron microscopy. Differences in MC viability was assessed between groups via MTS-based, colorimetric assays and flow cytometry. Degranulation was assessed by quantification of β-hexosaminidase (i.e., LAD2 and RBL-2H3). Esomeprazole-treated MCs of all lines exhibited dramatic time and concentration-dependent alterations in ultrastructure (i.e., increased vacuolization, compromise of cell membrane), increased apoptosis, and altered degranulation responses in comparison to famotidine and vehicle-treated cells. The canine B cell lymphoma cells consistently exhibited either no significant (i.e., cytotoxicity assays) or greatly diminished treatment responses (i.e., apoptosis) compared to MCs. Esomeprazole, but not famotidine, induces significant cytotoxicity, as well as alterations to cell structure and function to multiple lines of in vitro neoplastic MCs. Continued in vitro work investigating the specific mechanisms by which proton pump inhibitors induce these effects, as well as prospective, in vivo work comparing the treatment effects of acid suppressants on canine MCTs, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily N Gould
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4474 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Joseph A Szule
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Image Analysis Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4461 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Heather Wilson-Robles
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, 408 Raymond Stotzer Parkway, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
| | - Jörg M Steiner
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4474 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Elizabeth M Lennon
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - M Katherine Tolbert
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4474 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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Pal S, Gashev A, Roy D. Nuclear localization of histamine receptor 2 in primary human lymphatic endothelial cells. Biol Open 2022; 11:bio059191. [PMID: 35776777 PMCID: PMC9257380 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Histamine exerts its physiological functions through its four receptor subtypes. In this work, we report the subcellular localization of histamine receptor 2 (H2R), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), which is expressed in a wide variety of cell and tissue types. A growing number of GPCRs have been shown to be localized in the nucleus and contribute toward transcriptional regulation. In this study, for the first time, we demonstrate the nuclear localization of H2R in lymphatic endothelial cells. In the presence of its ligand, we show significant upregulation of H2R nuclear translocation kinetics. Using fluorescently tagged histamine, we explored H2R-histamine binding interaction, which exhibits a critical role in this translocation event. Altogether, our results highlight the previously unrecognized nuclear localization pattern of H2R. At the same time, H2R as a GPCR imparts many unresolved questions, such as the functional relevance of this localization, and whether H2R can contribute directly to transcriptional regulation and can affect lymphatic specific gene expression. H2R blockers are commonly used medications that recently have shown significant side effects. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the precise molecular mechanism of H2R biology. In this aspect, our present data shed new light on the unexplored H2R signaling mechanisms. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Pal
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX 77843, USA
| | - Anatoliy Gashev
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX 77843, USA
| | - Debarshi Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Alcorn State University, Lorman, MS 39096, USA
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Barrier effect and wound healing activity of the medical device REF-FTP78 in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6136. [PMID: 35414705 PMCID: PMC9005723 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10171-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
REF-FTP78 is a class IIb medical device present on the market with different trade names and developed for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This medical device is based on polysaccharides from Aloe Barbadensis and fucoidans from brown seaweeds, such as Undaria pinnatifida and Fucus vesiculosus, and aims to exert a protective effect on the esophageal mucosa against the noxious components of refluxate. The present study reports on the efficacy of REF-FTP78 devoting a particular attention to the barrier effect and wound healing properties, combined with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Film-forming properties and barrier effect were investigated on in vitro reconstructed human esophageal epithelium, through TEER measurement and evaluation of caffeine and Lucifer yellow permeability, and in an ex vivo swine model of esophageal mucosa damage. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated in terms of scavenging activity towards DPPH, ABTS and NO radicals and a wound healing assay was carried out to study the influence of the product on cell migration. The obtained results highlighted a significant barrier effect, with a reduction in caffeine penetration equal to 65.3%, the ability to both repair and prevent the damage caused by an acid insult, confirmed by a good transepithelial resistance for the tissue treated with the tested item, and the capacity to promote wound healing. Furthermore, the tested product showed good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in the performed radical scavenging assays. These findings support the use of REF-FTP78 in the treatment of GERD.
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Palma AM, Hanes MR, Marshall JS. Mast Cell Modulation of B Cell Responses: An Under-Appreciated Partnership in Host Defence. Front Immunol 2021; 12:718499. [PMID: 34566974 PMCID: PMC8460918 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.718499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are well known to be activated via cross-linking of immunoglobulins bound to surface receptors. They are also recognized as key initiators and regulators of both innate and adaptive immune responses against pathogens, especially in the skin and mucosal surfaces. Substantial attention has been given to the role of mast cells in regulating T cell function either directly or indirectly through actions on dendritic cells. In contrast, the ability of mast cells to modify B cell responses has been less explored. Several lines of evidence suggest that mast cells can greatly modify B cell generation and activities. Mast cells co-localise with B cells in many tissue settings and produce substantial amounts of cytokines, such as IL-6, with profound impacts on B cell development, class-switch recombination events, and subsequent antibody production. Mast cells have also been suggested to modulate the development and functions of regulatory B cells. In this review, we discuss the critical impacts of mast cells on B cells using information from both clinical and laboratory studies and consider the implications of these findings on the host response to infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro M Palma
- IWK Health Centre and Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Mark R Hanes
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jean S Marshall
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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