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Li X, Song Y, Mu W, Hou X, Ba T, Ji S. Dysregulation of arginine methylation in tumorigenesis. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1420365. [PMID: 38911125 PMCID: PMC11190088 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1420365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein methylation, similar to DNA methylation, primarily involves post-translational modification (PTM) targeting residues of nitrogen-containing side-chains and other residues. Protein arginine methylation, occurred on arginine residue, is mainly mediated by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), which are ubiquitously present in a multitude of organisms and are intricately involved in the regulation of numerous biological processes. Specifically, PRMTs are pivotal in the process of gene transcription regulation, and protein function modulation. Abnormal arginine methylation, particularly in histones, can induce dysregulation of gene expression, thereby leading to the development of cancer. The recent advancements in modification mediated by PRMTs and cancer research have had a profound impact on our understanding of the abnormal modification involved in carcinogenesis and progression. This review will provide a defined overview of these recent progression, with the aim of augmenting our knowledge on the role of PRMTs in progression and their potential application in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yaqiong Song
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weiwei Mu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoli Hou
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Te Ba
- Department of Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Shaoping Ji
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
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Chang K, Gao D, Yan J, Lin L, Cui T, Lu S. Critical Roles of Protein Arginine Methylation in the Central Nervous System. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:6060-6091. [PMID: 37415067 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
A remarkable post-transitional modification of both histones and non-histone proteins is arginine methylation. Methylation of arginine residues is crucial for a wide range of cellular process, including signal transduction, DNA repair, gene expression, mRNA splicing, and protein interaction. Arginine methylation is modulated by arginine methyltransferases and demethylases, like protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMTs) and Jumonji C (JmjC) domain containing (JMJD) proteins. Symmetric dimethylarginine and asymmetric dimethylarginine, metabolic products of the PRMTs and JMJD proteins, can be changed by abnormal expression of these proteins. Many pathologies including cancer, inflammation and immune responses have been closely linked to aberrant arginine methylation. Currently, the majority of the literature discusses the substrate specificity and function of arginine methylation in the pathogenesis and prognosis of cancers. Numerous investigations on the roles of arginine methylation in the central nervous system (CNS) have so far been conducted. In this review, we display the biochemistry of arginine methylation and provide an overview of the regulatory mechanism of arginine methyltransferases and demethylases. We also highlight physiological functions of arginine methylation in the CNS and the significance of arginine methylation in a variety of neurological diseases such as brain cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders. Furthermore, we summarize PRMT inhibitors and molecular functions of arginine methylation. Finally, we pose important questions that require further research to comprehend the roles of arginine methylation in the CNS and discover more effective targets for the treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Chang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Gao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jidong Yan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liyan Lin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tingting Cui
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shemin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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Gao L, Zhang Z, Zheng X, Wang F, Deng Y, Zhang Q, Wang G, Zhang Y, Liu X. The Novel Role of Zfp296 in Mammalian Embryonic Genome Activation as an H3K9me3 Modulator. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11377. [PMID: 37511136 PMCID: PMC10379624 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The changes in epigenetic modifications during early embryonic development significantly impact mammalian embryonic genome activation (EGA) and are species-conserved to some degree. Here, we reanalyzed the published RNA-Seq of human, mouse, and goat early embryos and found that Zfp296 (zinc finger protein 296) expression was higher at the EGA stage than at the oocyte stage in all three species (adjusted p-value < 0.05 |log2(foldchange)| ≥ 1). Subsequently, we found that Zfp296 was conserved across human, mouse, goat, sheep, pig, and bovine embryos. In addition, we identified that ZFP296 interacts with the epigenetic regulators KDM5B, SMARCA4, DNMT1, DNMT3B, HP1β, and UHRF1. The Cys2-His2(C2H2) zinc finger domain TYPE2 TYPE3 domains of ZFP296 co-regulated the modification level of the trimethylation of lysine 9 on the histone H3 protein subunit (H3K9me3). According to ChIP-seq analysis, ZFP296 was also enriched in Trim28, Suv39h1, Setdb1, Kdm4a, and Ehmt2 in the mESC genome. Then, knockdown of the expression of Zfp296 at the late zygote of the mouse led to the early developmental arrest of the mouse embryos and failure resulting from a decrease in H3K9me3. Together, our results reveal that Zfp296 is an H3K9me3 modulator which is essential to the embryonic genome activation of mouse embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Livestock, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Zihan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Livestock, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xiaoman Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Livestock, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Fan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Livestock, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yi Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Livestock, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Livestock, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Guoyan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Livestock, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Livestock, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Livestock, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
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Inoue T, Taguchi S, Uemura M, Tsujimoto Y, Kokunai K, Ikawa K, Yamashita Y. The migration speed of nucleolar precursor bodies in pronuclei affects in vitro fertilization-derived human embryo ploidy status and live birth. Reprod Med Biol 2023; 22:e12497. [PMID: 36699958 PMCID: PMC9853468 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To study the relationship between clinical outcomes after assisted reproduction and the migration speed of nucleolus precursor bodies (NPBs) in male and female pronuclei (mPN; fPN). Methods NPB migration speed, embryo ploidy status, and live birth (LB) were retrospectively analyzed in IVF-derived zygotes. The central coordinates of the mPN, fPN, and NPBs were noted at multiple timepoints. The migration distance of NPBs between two sequential images was measured to calculate NPB migration speed. Results The NPB migration speeds in mPN and fPN were significantly faster in euploid zygotes than in aneuploid zygotes. In multivariate logistic analysis, NPB migration speed in mPN and the female age were associated with euploidy. The NPB migration speeds in mPN and fPN were also significantly faster in zygotes that led to LB than in zygotes that led to no pregnancy. In a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of LB by NPB migration speed in mPN, the cut-off value was 3.74 μm/h (AUC: 0.825, 95%CI: 0.688-0.963). When the zygotes were categorized by this cut-off value, there were significantly more LBs in zygotes with migration speed ≥ the cut-off (78.9% vs. 21.1%). Conclusions Zygotes with quickly migrating NPBs demonstrated the developmental potential to become a baby.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taketo Inoue
- Umeda Fertility ClinicOsakaJapan,Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care MedicineHyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
| | | | - Mikiko Uemura
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health ScienceKansai University of Welfare SciencesOsakaJapan
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The PRMT5-LSD1 axis confers Slug dual transcriptional activities and promotes breast cancer progression. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:191. [PMID: 35655230 PMCID: PMC9164399 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02400-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Downregulation of epithelial markers and upregulation of mesenchymal markers are the characteristics of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) program, which provides the metastatic advantage of breast cancer. However, the mechanism underlying the switch of EMT markers remains poorly understood. Methods In this study, we used the affinity purification and mass spectrometry coupled approach to identify the interactome of Slug. CoIP, GST-pulldown, ChIP, Re-ChIP, qPCR and Immunoblot were used to investigate the underlying mechanism of Slug-PRMT5-LSD1 complex. The role of PRMT5 and LSD1 in breast cancer progression was evaluated both in vivo and in vitro. Results Here we found that the transcription factor Slug associates with PRMT5 and LSD1 in a complex and facilitates the breast cancer invasion in vitro. Mechanistically, PRMT5 and LSD1 work with Slug to exert dual transcriptional activities to inhibit E-cadherin expression by PRMT5-catalyzed H4R3me2s and LSD1-mediated demethylation of H3K4me2 on the E-cadherin (CDH1) promoter, and activate vimentin (VIM) expression via PRMT5-driven H3R2me2s and LSD1-mediated removal of H3K9me2. Importantly, PRMT5 and LSD1 are coordinately expressed in breast cancer patients and pharmacologic perturbation of both PRMT5 and LSD1 shows a synergetic effect on the inhibition of breast tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Conclusions Our study suggests that PRMT5 and LSD1 function as a dual epigenetic modifier to promote Slug induced EMT program, suggesting that the inhibition of PRMT5 and LSD1 presents a potential therapeutic strategy against cancer metastasis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02400-7.
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Halabelian L, Barsyte-Lovejoy D. Structure and Function of Protein Arginine Methyltransferase PRMT7. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:768. [PMID: 34440512 PMCID: PMC8399567 DOI: 10.3390/life11080768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PRMT7 is a member of the protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) family, which methylates a diverse set of substrates. Arginine methylation as a posttranslational modification regulates protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions, and as such, has been implicated in various biological functions. PRMT7 is a unique, evolutionarily conserved PRMT family member that catalyzes the mono-methylation of arginine. The structural features, functional aspects, and compounds that inhibit PRMT7 are discussed here. Several studies have identified physiological substrates of PRMT7 and investigated the substrate methylation outcomes which link PRMT7 activity to the stress response and RNA biology. PRMT7-driven substrate methylation further leads to the biological outcomes of gene expression regulation, cell stemness, stress response, and cancer-associated phenotypes such as cell migration. Furthermore, organismal level phenotypes of PRMT7 deficiency have uncovered roles in muscle cell physiology, B cell biology, immunity, and brain function. This rapidly growing information on PRMT7 function indicates the critical nature of context-dependent functions of PRMT7 and necessitates further investigation of the PRMT7 interaction partners and factors that control PRMT7 expression and levels. Thus, PRMT7 is an important cellular regulator of arginine methylation in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levon Halabelian
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Dalia Barsyte-Lovejoy
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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