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Zhang X, Li F, Yang B, Zhang W, Wang Y. Omega-3 fatty acids prevent gestational diabetes mellitus via modulation of lipid metabolism. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220928. [PMID: 39119479 PMCID: PMC11306960 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence rate of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains high among pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy. However, the main clinical approach to alleviate the symptoms of GDM is to control the diet. Our study explored the therapeutic effects of omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FAs) on GDM at the cellular and animal levels. We found that ω-3 FAs can promote the transformation of M0 macrophages into anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. The transformed M2 macrophages promoted β-oxidation and reduced hepatocyte lipid synthesis (P < 0.05), thereby promoting hepatic function and preventing the excessive accumulation of lipid droplets in the hepatocyte cell line HepG2. Supplementation of ω-3 FAs in pregnant GDM mice significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance test, and insulin tolerance test indices, and lipid accumulation in the liver and effectively prevented the occurrence of liver fibrosis (P < 0.05). These therapeutic effects may be mediated through the anti-inflammatory effects of ω-3 FAs (P < 0.05). ω-3 FAs also had positive effects on the offspring of pregnant GDM mice, as demonstrated by reduced birth mortality and improved glycemic stabilization (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study provides a possible translational medicine strategy for the treatment of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050011, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050011, China
| | - Botao Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050011, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050011, China
| | - Yingchun Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Langfang Health Vocational College, South of Siguang Road, Dongfang University Town, Langfang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Langfang, Hebei Province, 065001, China
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2
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Yang X, Li X, Hu M, Huang J, Yu S, Zeng H, Mao L. EPA and DHA differentially improve insulin resistance by reducing adipose tissue inflammation-targeting GPR120/PPARγ pathway. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 130:109648. [PMID: 38631512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a global health challenge, often initiated by dysfunctional adipose tissue. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may have different effects on IR, but the mechanisms are unknown. This study aims to evaluate the protective effect of EPA and DHA against IR in a high-fat diet (HFD) mice model and investigate whether EPA and DHA alter IR modulate the G-protein-poupled receptor 120/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (GPR120/PPARγ) pathway in macrophages and adipocytes, which may affect IR in adipocytes. The findings of this study show that 4% DHA had a better effect in improving IR and reducing inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue of mice. Additionally, in the cell experiment, the use of AH7614 (a GPR120 antagonist) inhibited the glucose consumption increase and the increasable expression of PPARγ and insulin signaling molecules mediated by DHA in adipocytes. Furthermore, GW9662 (a PPARγ antagonist) hindered the upregulation of glucose consumption and insulin signaling molecule expression induced by EPA and DHA in adipocytes. DHA exhibited significant effects in reducing the number of migrated cells and inflammation. The compounds AH7614 and GW9662 hindered the suppressive effects of EPA and DHA on macrophage-induced IR in adipocytes. These findings suggest that DHA has a stronger potential in improving IR in adipocytes through the GPR120/PPARγ pathway in macrophages, when compared to EPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xudong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Manjiang Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Siyan Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Huanting Zeng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Limei Mao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Faienza MF, Giardinelli S, Annicchiarico A, Chiarito M, Barile B, Corbo F, Brunetti G. Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods: A Comprehensive Review of Their Role in Bone Health. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5873. [PMID: 38892062 PMCID: PMC11172758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone health is the result of a tightly regulated balance between bone modeling and bone remodeling, and alterations of these processes have been observed in several diseases both in adult and pediatric populations. The imbalance in bone remodeling can ultimately lead to osteoporosis, which is most often associated with aging, but contributing factors can already act during the developmental age, when over a third of bone mass is accumulated. The maintenance of an adequate bone mass is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, such as physical activity and diet, and particularly by an adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D. In addition, it has been claimed that the integration of specific nutraceuticals such as resveratrol, anthocyanins, isoflavones, lycopene, curcumin, lutein, and β-carotene and the intake of bioactive compounds from the diet such as honey, tea, dried plums, blueberry, and olive oil can be efficient strategies for bone loss prevention. Nutraceuticals and functional foods are largely used to provide medical or health benefits, but there is an urge to determine which products have adequate clinical evidence and a strong safety profile. The aim of this review is to explore the scientific and clinical evidence of the positive role of nutraceuticals and functional food in bone health, focusing both on molecular mechanisms and on real-world studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Felicia Faienza
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “A. Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.F.F.)
| | - Silvia Giardinelli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Pediatrics, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessia Annicchiarico
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Mariangela Chiarito
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “A. Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.F.F.)
| | - Barbara Barile
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Filomena Corbo
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giacomina Brunetti
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (B.B.)
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Abraham ME, Robison CI, Kim WK, Regmi P, Karcher DM. n-3 essential fatty acid and vitamin D supplementation improve skeletal health in laying hens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103089. [PMID: 37852049 PMCID: PMC10591011 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Keel bone fractures and osteoporosis are prevalent and damaging skeletal issues in the laying hen industry. There is a large interest in improving bone quality parameters to reduce or eliminate these conditions, thus improving bird welfare. Both essential fatty acids (EFA) and vitamin D can play a role in bone metabolism. The hypothesis of this study was that birds supplemented with lower n-6:n-3 EFA ratio or vitamin D would have improved bone properties compared to a control diet. A total of 3,520 Lohmann Brown-Lite pullets were used in this study. Pullets were housed on the floor from 0 to 17 wk of age and then moved to an aviary (17-52 wk of age). Starting at 12 wk of age, birds were split into diet treatments-control, flax, fish, or vitamin D diets with n-6:n-3 ratios of 6.750, 0.534, 0.534, and 6.750, respectively. Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isocaloric. Basal vitamin D3 levels were formulated to be 2,760 IU/kg across all diets; for the vitamin D diet, the vitamin D3 level was increased to 5,520 IU/kg. Hens on fish and vitamin D diets had greater bone density, keel bone volume, digital bone mineral content, and keel condition compared to flax and control hens. Additionally, birds fed the vitamin D diet had the heaviest body weights compared to birds fed fish or control diets. Birds fed the flax and vitamin D diets had improved feather coverage across multiple body regions. Feeding an n-3 EFA- or vitamin D-enriched diet decreased mortality by 1.6 to 3.3% compared to the control. The fish and vitamin D diets generated mixed production performance. Compared to the other treatments, the vitamin D diet generated higher case weights but lower hen day percentage throughout the study. When compared to the other treatments, the fish diet had the lowest case weights but had a greater hen day percentage after 36 wk of age. Results indicate that a fish-based EFA and vitamin D supplementation show promise in improving skeletal health but require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan E Abraham
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2050, USA
| | - Cara I Robison
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-2604, USA
| | - Woo K Kim
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Prafulla Regmi
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Darrin M Karcher
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2050, USA.
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5
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Ma J, Kitaura H, Ohori F, Noguchi T, Marahleh A, Kinjo R, Kanou K, Ren J, Miura M, Narita K, Mizoguchi I. Generating Bone Marrow Chimeric Mouse Using GPR120 Deficient Mouse for the Study of DHA Inhibitory Effect on Osteoclast Formation and Bone Resorption. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17000. [PMID: 38069322 PMCID: PMC10707107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 fatty acid that exerts physiological effects via G protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120). In our previous studies, we figured out the inhibitory effects of DHA on TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor-α)-induced osteoclastogenesis via GPR120 in vivo. Moreover, DHA directly suppressed RANKL expression in osteoblasts via GPR120 in vitro. In this study, we generated bone marrow chimeric mice using GPR120 deficient mice (GPR120-KO) to study the inhibitory effects of DHA on bone resorption and osteoclast formation. Bone marrow cells of wild-type (WT) or GPR120-KO mice were transplanted into irradiated recipient mice, which were WT or GPR120 deficient mice. The resulting chimeric mice contained stromal cells from the recipient and bone marrow cells, including osteoclast precursors, from the donor. These chimeric mice were used to perform a series of histological and microfocus computed tomography (micro-CT) analyses after TNF-α injection for induction of osteoclast formation with or without DHA. Osteoclast number and bone resorption were found to be significantly increased in chimeric mice, which did not express GPR120 in stromal cells, compared to chimeric mice, which expressed GPR120 in stromal cells. DHA was also found to suppress specific signaling pathways. We summarized that DHA suppressed TNF-α-induced stromal-dependent osteoclast formation and bone resorption via GPR120.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Ma
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (J.M.); (F.O.); (T.N.); (R.K.); (K.K.); (J.R.); (M.M.); (K.N.); (I.M.)
| | - Hideki Kitaura
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (J.M.); (F.O.); (T.N.); (R.K.); (K.K.); (J.R.); (M.M.); (K.N.); (I.M.)
| | - Fumitoshi Ohori
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (J.M.); (F.O.); (T.N.); (R.K.); (K.K.); (J.R.); (M.M.); (K.N.); (I.M.)
| | - Takahiro Noguchi
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (J.M.); (F.O.); (T.N.); (R.K.); (K.K.); (J.R.); (M.M.); (K.N.); (I.M.)
| | - Aseel Marahleh
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
| | - Ria Kinjo
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (J.M.); (F.O.); (T.N.); (R.K.); (K.K.); (J.R.); (M.M.); (K.N.); (I.M.)
| | - Kayoko Kanou
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (J.M.); (F.O.); (T.N.); (R.K.); (K.K.); (J.R.); (M.M.); (K.N.); (I.M.)
| | - Jiayi Ren
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (J.M.); (F.O.); (T.N.); (R.K.); (K.K.); (J.R.); (M.M.); (K.N.); (I.M.)
| | - Mariko Miura
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (J.M.); (F.O.); (T.N.); (R.K.); (K.K.); (J.R.); (M.M.); (K.N.); (I.M.)
| | - Kohei Narita
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (J.M.); (F.O.); (T.N.); (R.K.); (K.K.); (J.R.); (M.M.); (K.N.); (I.M.)
| | - Itaru Mizoguchi
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (J.M.); (F.O.); (T.N.); (R.K.); (K.K.); (J.R.); (M.M.); (K.N.); (I.M.)
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Benova A, Ferencakova M, Bardova K, Funda J, Prochazka J, Spoutil F, Cajka T, Dzubanova M, Balcaen T, Kerckhofs G, Willekens W, van Lenthe GH, Charyyeva A, Alquicer G, Pecinova A, Mracek T, Horakova O, Coupeau R, Hansen MS, Rossmeisl M, Kopecky J, Tencerova M. Omega-3 PUFAs prevent bone impairment and bone marrow adiposity in mouse model of obesity. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1043. [PMID: 37833362 PMCID: PMC10575870 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05407-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity adversely affects bone and fat metabolism in mice and humans. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) have been shown to improve glucose metabolism and bone homeostasis in obesity. However, the impact of omega-3 PUFAs on bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) and bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) metabolism has not been intensively studied yet. In the present study we demonstrated that omega-3 PUFA supplementation in high fat diet (HFD + F) improved bone parameters, mechanical properties along with decreased BMAT in obese mice when compared to the HFD group. Primary BMSCs isolated from HFD + F mice showed decreased adipocyte and higher osteoblast differentiation with lower senescent phenotype along with decreased osteoclast formation suggesting improved bone marrow microenvironment promoting bone formation in mice. Thus, our study highlights the beneficial effects of omega-3 PUFA-enriched diet on bone and cellular metabolism and its potential use in the treatment of metabolic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Benova
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Ferencakova
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Bardova
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Funda
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prochazka
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics & Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Spoutil
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics & Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Cajka
- Laboratory of Translational Metabolism, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Dzubanova
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tim Balcaen
- Biomechanics lab, Institute of Mechanics, Materials, and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Pole of Morphology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Design and Synthesis, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greet Kerckhofs
- Biomechanics lab, Institute of Mechanics, Materials, and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Pole of Morphology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Arzuv Charyyeva
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Glenda Alquicer
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Pecinova
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Mracek
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Horakova
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Coupeau
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Morten Svarer Hansen
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, C DK-5000, Denmark
| | - Martin Rossmeisl
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecky
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Tencerova
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Lin R, Xie B, Xie L, Ge J, Li S. Integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis of lumbar in a rat model of osteoporosis treated with Gushukang capsules. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:333. [PMID: 36522793 PMCID: PMC9756464 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03807-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gushukang (GSK) capsules are a Chinese patented medicine that is widely used in clinics for the treatment of osteoporosis (OP). Animal experiments have revealed that the bone mineral density of osteoporotic rats increase after treatment with GSK capsules. However, the specific mechanism and target of GSK in the treatment of osteoporosis are unclear. Further studies are needed. METHODS Metabolomics (GC/MS) and proteomics (TMT-LC-MC/MC) with bioinformatics (KEGG pathway enrichment), correlation analysis (Pearson correlation matrix), and joint pathway analysis (MetaboAnalyst) were employed to determine the underlying mechanisms of GSK. The differential expression proteins were verified by WB experiment. RESULTS The regulation of proteins, i.e., Cant1, Gstz1, Aldh3b1, Bid, and Slc1a3, in the common metabolic pathway of differential proteins and metabolites between GSK/OP and OP/SHAM was corrected in the GSK group. The regulation of 12 metabolites (tyramine, thymidine, deoxycytidine, cytosine, L-Aspartate, etc.) were differential in the common enrichment metabolic pathway between GSK /OP and OP/SHAM. Differential proteins and metabolites jointly regulate 11 metabolic pathways, such as purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, histidine metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism, and so on. CONCLUSION GSK may protect bone metabolism in osteoporotic rats by affecting nucleotide metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohui Lin
- Basic Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003 Fujian China ,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, Fuzhou, 350003 Fujian China
| | - Bingying Xie
- Basic Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003 Fujian China ,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, Fuzhou, 350003 Fujian China
| | - Lihua Xie
- Basic Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003 Fujian China ,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, Fuzhou, 350003 Fujian China
| | - Jirong Ge
- Basic Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003 Fujian China ,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, Fuzhou, 350003 Fujian China
| | - Shengqiang Li
- Basic Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003 Fujian China ,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, Fuzhou, 350003 Fujian China
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8
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The Enteric Glia and Its Modulation by the Endocannabinoid System, a New Target for Cannabinoid-Based Nutraceuticals? MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196773. [PMID: 36235308 PMCID: PMC9570628 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a part of the autonomic nervous system that intrinsically innervates the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Whereas enteric neurons have been deeply studied, the enteric glial cells (EGCs) have received less attention. However, these are immune-competent cells that contribute to the maintenance of the GI tract homeostasis through supporting epithelial integrity, providing neuroprotection, and influencing the GI motor function and sensation. The endogenous cannabinoid system (ECS) includes endogenous classical cannabinoids (anandamide, 2-arachidonoylglycerol), cannabinoid-like ligands (oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA)), enzymes involved in their metabolism (FAAH, MAGL, COX-2) and classical (CB1 and CB2) and non-classical (TRPV1, GPR55, PPAR) receptors. The ECS participates in many processes crucial for the proper functioning of the GI tract, in which the EGCs are involved. Thus, the modulation of the EGCs through the ECS might be beneficial to treat some dysfunctions of the GI tract. This review explores the role of EGCs and ECS on the GI tract functions and dysfunctions, and the current knowledge about how EGCs may be modulated by the ECS components, as possible new targets for cannabinoids and cannabinoid-like molecules, particularly those with potential nutraceutical use.
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Osorio EY, Gugala Z, Patterson GT, Palacios G, Cordova E, Uscanga-Palomeque A, Travi BL, Melby PC. Inflammatory stimuli alter bone marrow composition and compromise bone health in the malnourished host. Front Immunol 2022; 13:846246. [PMID: 35983045 PMCID: PMC9380851 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.846246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has a role in the pathogenesis of childhood malnutrition. We investigated the effect of malnutrition and inflammatory challenge on bone marrow composition and bone health. We studied an established murine model of moderate acute malnutrition at baseline and after acute inflammatory challenge with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a surrogate of Gram-negative bacterial sepsis, or Leishmania donovani, the cause of visceral leishmaniasis. Both of these infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in malnourished children. Of the 2 stimuli, LPS caused more pronounced bone marrow changes that were amplified in malnourished mice. LPS challenge led to increased inflammatory cytokine expression (Il1b, Il6, and Tnf), inflammasome activation, and inflammatory monocyte accumulation in the bone marrow of malnourished mice. Depletion of inflammatory monocytes in Csfr1-LysMcre-DT malnourished mice significantly reduced the inflammasome activation and IL1-ß production after LPS challenge. The inflammatory challenge also led to increased expansion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), bone marrow adiposity, and expression of genes (Pparg, Adipoq, and Srbp1) associated with adipogenesis in malnourished mice. This suggests that inflammatory challenge promotes differentiation of BM MSCs toward the adipocyte lineage rather than toward bone-forming osteoblasts in the malnourished host. Concurrent with this reduced osteoblastic potential there was an increase in bone-resorbing osteoclasts, enhanced osteoclast activity, upregulation of inflammatory genes, and IL-1B involved in osteoclast differentiation and activation. The resulting weakened bone formation and increased bone resorption would contribute to the bone fragility associated with malnutrition. Lastly, we evaluated the effect of replacing lipid rich in omega-6 fatty acids (corn oil) with lipid-rich in omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil) in the nutrient-deficient diet. LPS-challenged malnourished mice that received dietary fish oil showed decreased expression of inflammatory cytokines and Rankl and reduced osteoclast differentiation and activation in the bone marrow. This work demonstrates that the negative effect of inflammatory challenge on bone marrow is amplified in the malnourished host. Increasing dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids may be a means to reduce inflammation and improve bone health in malnourished children.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Yaneth Osorio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Peter C. Melby, ; E. Yaneth Osorio,
| | - Zbigniew Gugala
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Grace T. Patterson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Genesis Palacios
- Department of Parasitology, Universidad de la Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Erika Cordova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Ashanti Uscanga-Palomeque
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Bruno L. Travi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Center for Tropical Diseases and Institute for Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Peter C. Melby
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Center for Tropical Diseases and Institute for Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Peter C. Melby, ; E. Yaneth Osorio,
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Hidaka S, Mouri Y, Akiyama M, Miyasaka N, Nakahama KI. GPR110, a receptor for synaptamide, expressed in osteoclasts negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2022; 182:102457. [PMID: 35690003 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2022.102457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bone remodeling is precisely regulated mainly by osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Although some G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) were reported to play roles in osteoblast function, little is known about the roles in osteoclasts. In this study, we found, for the first time, that the expression of GPR110 increased during osteoclastogenesis. GPR110 belongs to adhesion GPCR and was the functional receptor of N-docosahexaenoyl ethanolamine (also called synaptamide). Synaptamide suppressed osteoclastogenesis induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand. Considering that synaptamide is the endogenous metabolite of DHA, we hypothesized that DHA may inhibit osteoclastogenesis by affecting synaptamide/GPR110 signaling. But GPR110 knockout and subsequent rescue experiments revealed a pivotal role of GPR110 in the attenuation of osteoclastogenesis by synaptamide but not by DHA. These results suggest that synaptamide/GPR110 signaling negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis. Our study suggested that ligands of GPR110, such as synaptamide, might be a useful drug for osteoporotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Hidaka
- Department of Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yuki Mouri
- Department of Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masako Akiyama
- Research Administration Division, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Miyasaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Nakahama
- Department of Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
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11
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Nutritional components as mitigators of cellular senescence in organismal aging: a comprehensive review. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:1089-1109. [PMID: 35756719 PMCID: PMC9206104 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of cellular senescence is rapidly emerging as a modulator of organismal aging and disease. Targeting the development and removal of senescent cells is considered a viable approach to achieving improved organismal healthspan and lifespan. Nutrition and health are intimately linked and an appropriate dietary regimen can greatly impact organismal response to stress and diseases including during aging. With a renewed focus on cellular senescence, emerging studies demonstrate that both primary and secondary nutritional elements such as carbohydrates, proteins, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, polyphenols, and probiotics can influence multiple aspects of cellular senescence. The present review describes the recent molecular aspects of cellular senescence-mediated understanding of aging and then studies available evidence of the cellular senescence modulatory attributes of major and minor dietary elements. Underlying pathways and future research directions are deliberated to promote a nutrition-centric approach for targeting cellular senescence and thus improving human health and longevity.
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12
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Wang H, Su S, Wang C, Hu J, Dan W, Peng X. Effects of fish oil-containing nutrition supplementation in adult sepsis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac012. [PMID: 35702267 PMCID: PMC9185164 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Although fish oil has been used as an immunonutritional preparations for the treatment of sepsis patients, there is still controversy as to whether it is beneficial to them. We systematically reviewed published clinical trial data to evaluate the effectiveness of fish oil-containing nutrition supplementation in sepsis patients. METHODS A systematic search was undertaken in PubMed, Embase, Chinese Biomedicine Database, the Cochrane Library and the China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database to obtain clinical controlled trails. RCTs on nutrition therapy containing fish oil among adult sepsis patients were selected for analysis in comparison with routine therapy. RESULTS Twenty-five published trials were included in the meta-analysis. Fish oil-containing nutrition supplementation reduced the mortality compared with the control group (relative risk (RR) 0.74, I 2 = 0%). Fish oil also shortened the ICU stay (MD -3.57 days; 95% CI -4.54, -2.59; p<0.00001; I 2 = 76%), hospital stay (MD -9.92 days; 95% CI -15.37, -4.46; p = 0.0004; I 2 = 91%) and the duration of mechanical ventilation support (MD -2.26; 95% CI -4.27, -0.26; p = 0.03; I 2 = 83%). A subgroup analysis based on the route of administration revealed that parenteral administration of fish oil could reduce mortality in septic patients (RR =0.68, I 2 = 0%), but no significant difference in mortality was observed in the fish oil group administered by enteral route (RR = 0.80, I 2 = 0%). No statistically significant publication biases were detected for the above clinical endpoints (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Parenteral nutrition containing fish oil could significantly decrease mortality in sepsis patients while enteral administration could not. Fish oil-containing nutrition supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Wang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China
- Department of Burns and Plastic, PLA No.983 Hospital, Tianjin 300000, China
| | - Sen Su
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianhong Hu
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wu Dan
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China
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