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Beck KK, Schmidt-Grieb GM, Kayser AS, Wendels J, Kler Lago A, Meyer S, Laudien J, Häussermann V, Richter C, Wall M. Cold-water coral energy reserves and calcification in contrasting fjord environments. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5649. [PMID: 38454106 PMCID: PMC10920780 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56280-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The relationship between energy reserves of cold-water corals (CWCs) and their physiological performance remains largely unknown. In addition, it is poorly understood how the energy allocation to different metabolic processes might change with projected decreasing food supply to the deep sea in the future. This study explores the temporal and spatial variations of total energy reserves (proteins, carbohydrates and lipids) of the CWC Desmophyllum dianthus and their correlation with its calcification rate. We took advantage of distinct horizontal and vertical physico-chemical gradients in Comau Fjord (Chile) and examined the changes in energy reserves over one year in an in situ reciprocal transplantation experiment (20 m vs. 300 m and fjord head vs. mouth). Total energy reserves correlated positively with calcification rates. The fast-growing deep corals had higher and less variable energy reserves, while the slower-growing shallow corals showed pronounced seasonal changes in energy reserves. Novel deep corals (transplanted from shallow) were able to quickly increase both their calcification rates and energy reserves to similar levels as native deep corals. Our study shows the importance of energy reserves in sustaining CWC growth in spite of aragonite undersaturated conditions (deep corals) in the present, and potentially also future ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina K Beck
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany.
- University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | | | - Antonia S Kayser
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Janine Wendels
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kler Lago
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
- University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Meyer
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Jürgen Laudien
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Vreni Häussermann
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Fundación San Ignacio del Huinay, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Claudio Richter
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
- University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Marlene Wall
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
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2
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Bilan M, Gori A, Grinyó J, Biel-Cabanelas M, Puigcerver-Segarra X, Santín A, Piraino S, Rossi S, Puig P. Vulnerability of six cold-water corals to sediment resuspension from bottom trawling fishing. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 196:115423. [PMID: 37862847 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Bottom trawling can significantly affect benthic communities, directly through immediate removal of sessile organisms and indirectly through sediment resuspension. Submarine canyons, often surrounded by fishing grounds, are important habitats for cold-water corals (CWC). Vulnerability of CWCs to increased suspended sediment concentration (SSC) is key to understanding the severity of bottom trawling effects on those communities. Here we show survival, growth, and physiological response of six CWCs from a Mediterranean submarine canyon (Dendrophyllia cornigera, Desmophyllum dianthus, Desmophyllum pertusum, Madrepora oculata, Leiopathes glaberrima and Muriceides lepida), exposed to a long-term, aquarium-based sedimentary disturbance experiment. Compared to cup coral and octocoral, which did not exhibit symptoms of distress, our data indicate that colonial scleractinian corals and black coral, which experienced substantial polyp mortality in enhanced SSC treatments, are more vulnerable. Indirect impact of bottom trawling could thus contribute to structural simplification of CWC communities posing an additional stressor alongside with global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meri Bilan
- Università del Salento, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali, Campus Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Andrea Gori
- Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Grinyó
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, P.O. Box 53, 1790, AB, Den Burg, the Netherlands
| | - Marina Biel-Cabanelas
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICM-CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xènia Puigcerver-Segarra
- Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreu Santín
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICM-CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefano Piraino
- Università del Salento, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali, Campus Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy; CoNISMa, Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Roma 00196, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Università del Salento, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali, Campus Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy; CoNISMa, Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Roma 00196, Italy; Instituto de Ciências do Mar, LABOMAR, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60165-081, Brazil
| | - Pere Puig
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICM-CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Vinha B, Rossi S, Gori A, Hanz U, Pennetta A, De Benedetto GE, Mienis F, Huvenne VAI, Hebbeln D, Wienberg C, Titschack J, Freiwald A, Piraino S, Orejas C. Trophic ecology of Angolan cold-water coral reefs (SE Atlantic) based on stable isotope analyses. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9933. [PMID: 37336945 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold-water coral (CWC) reefs of the Angolan margin (SE Atlantic) are dominated by Desmophyllum pertusum and support a diverse community of associated fauna, despite hypoxic conditions. In this study, we use carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses (δ13C and δ15N) to decipher the trophic network of this relatively unknown CWC province. Although fresh phytodetritus is available to the reef, δ15N signatures indicate that CWCs (12.90 ± 1.00 ‰) sit two trophic levels above Suspended Particulate Organic Matter (SPOM) (4.23 ± 1.64 ‰) suggesting that CWCs are highly reliant on an intermediate food source, which may be zooplankton. Echinoderms and the polychaete Eunice norvegica occupy the same trophic guild, with high δ13C signatures (-14.00 ± 1.08 ‰) pointing to a predatory feeding behavior on CWCs and sponges, although detrital feeding on 13C enriched particles might also be important for this group. Sponges presented the highest δ15N values (20.20 ± 1.87 ‰), which could be due to the role of the sponge holobiont and bacterial food in driving intense nitrogen cycling processes in sponges' tissue, helping to cope with the hypoxic conditions of the reef. Our study provides first insights to understand trophic interactions of CWC reefs under low-oxygen conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Vinha
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
- Hanse Wissenschaftskolleg - Institute for Advanced Study, 27753, Delmenhorst, Germany.
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy
- Instituto de Ciências Do Mar, LABOMAR, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 60165-081, Brazil
- CoNISMa, Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, 00196, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Gori
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de La Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ulrike Hanz
- Department of Ocean Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, 1790AB, the Netherlands
- Bentho-Pelagic Processes, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, 27570, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Antonio Pennetta
- Laboratorio di Spettrometria di Massa Analitica e Isotopica, Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, Università del Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe E De Benedetto
- Laboratorio di Spettrometria di Massa Analitica e Isotopica, Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, Università del Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Furu Mienis
- Department of Ocean Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, 1790AB, the Netherlands
| | - Veerle A I Huvenne
- Hanse Wissenschaftskolleg - Institute for Advanced Study, 27753, Delmenhorst, Germany
- Ocean BioGeosciences, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, S014 3ZH, UK
| | - Dierk Hebbeln
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Claudia Wienberg
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Titschack
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- Senckenberg Am Meer, Marine Research Department, 26382, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - André Freiwald
- Senckenberg Am Meer, Marine Research Department, 26382, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Stefano Piraino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy
- CoNISMa, Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, 00196, Rome, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133, Palermo, Italy
| | - Covadonga Orejas
- Hanse Wissenschaftskolleg - Institute for Advanced Study, 27753, Delmenhorst, Germany
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Gijón, (IEO-CSIC), 33212, Gijón, Spain
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Girard F, Litvin SY, Sherman A, McGill P, Gannon A, Lovera C, DeVogelaere A, Burton E, Graves D, Schnittger A, Barry J. Phenology in the deep sea: seasonal and tidal feeding rhythms in a keystone octocoral. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20221033. [PMID: 36259212 PMCID: PMC9579760 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological rhythms are widely known in terrestrial and marine systems, where the behaviour or function of organisms may be tuned to environmental variation over periods from minutes to seasons or longer. Although well characterized in coastal environments, phenology remains poorly understood in the deep sea. Here we characterized intra-annual dynamics of feeding activity for the deep-sea octocoral Paragorgia arborea. Hourly changes in polyp activity were quantified using a time-lapse camera deployed for a year on Sur Ridge (1230 m depth; Northeast Pacific). The relationship between feeding and environmental variables, including surface primary production, temperature, acoustic backscatter, current speed and direction, was evaluated. Feeding activity was highly seasonal, with a dormancy period identified between January and early April, reflecting seasonal changes in food availability as suggested by primary production and acoustic backscatter data. Moreover, feeding varied with tides, which likely affected food delivery through cyclic oscillation in current speed and direction. This study provides the first evidence of behavioural rhythms in a coral species at depth greater than 1 km. Information on the feeding biology of this cosmopolitan deep-sea octocoral will contribute to a better understanding of how future environmental change may affect deep-sea coral communities and the ecosystem services they provide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Girard
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
| | - Steven Y Litvin
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
| | - Alana Sherman
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
| | - Paul McGill
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
| | - Amanda Gannon
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
| | - Christopher Lovera
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
| | - Andrew DeVogelaere
- Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
| | - Erica Burton
- Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
| | - Dale Graves
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
| | - Aaron Schnittger
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
| | - Jim Barry
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
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5
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Martins I, Godinho A, Rakka M, Carreiro-Silva M. Beyond deep-sea mining sublethal effects: Delayed mortality from acute Cu exposure of the cold-water octocoral Viminella flagellum. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 183:114051. [PMID: 36058176 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The potential release of metals, especially copper (Cu) during mining of seafloor massive sulphides (SMS), represents a potential toxicological threat to cold-water coral (CWC) habitats. Herein, we evaluated for the first time the response of the whip coral Viminella flagellum to short-term acute Cu exposure. Nubbins of V. flagellum were exposed to Cu concentrations of 0 (control); 60; 150; 250; 450 and 600 μg/L for 96 h. After exposure, V. flagellum nubbins were transferred to a continuous flow-through aquarium and feed once a day for 3 weeks. No immediate mortality was detected during the short-term Cu exposure. However, a delayed mortality, which was concentration dependent was observed. The first signs of tissue loss occurred after 1 week of recovery in non-contaminated conditions in V. flagellum nubbins previously exposed to Cu concentrations of 60 and 150 μg/L followed by nubbins exposed to Cu concentrations of 250, 450 μg/L after 2 weeks and 600 μg/L after 3 weeks. A delayed mortality impact should be considered in future Cu tolerance experiments and scenarios of deep-sea mining exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Martins
- Institute of Marine Sciences - Okeanos, University of the Azores, Rua Professor Doutor Frederico Machado 4, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; Instituto do Mar - IMAR, University of the Azores, Horta, Portugal.
| | - António Godinho
- Institute of Marine Sciences - Okeanos, University of the Azores, Rua Professor Doutor Frederico Machado 4, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; Instituto do Mar - IMAR, University of the Azores, Horta, Portugal
| | - Maria Rakka
- Institute of Marine Sciences - Okeanos, University of the Azores, Rua Professor Doutor Frederico Machado 4, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; Instituto do Mar - IMAR, University of the Azores, Horta, Portugal
| | - Marina Carreiro-Silva
- Institute of Marine Sciences - Okeanos, University of the Azores, Rua Professor Doutor Frederico Machado 4, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; Instituto do Mar - IMAR, University of the Azores, Horta, Portugal
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