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Glærum IL, Dunville K, Moan K, Krause M, Montaldo NP, Kirikae H, Nigro MJ, Sætrom P, van Loon B, Quattrocolo G. Postnatal persistence of hippocampal Cajal-Retzius cells has a crucial role in the establishment of the hippocampal circuit. Development 2024; 151:dev202236. [PMID: 38095282 PMCID: PMC10820737 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Cajal-Retzius (CR) cells are a transient neuron type that populate the postnatal hippocampus. To understand how the persistence of CR cells influences the maturation of hippocampal circuits, we combined a specific transgenic mouse line with viral vector injection to selectively ablate CR cells from the postnatal hippocampus. We observed layer-specific changes in the dendritic complexity and spine density of CA1 pyramidal cells. In addition, transcriptomic analysis highlighted significant changes in the expression of synapse-related genes across development. Finally, we were able to identify significant changes in the expression levels of latrophilin 2, a postsynaptic guidance molecule known for its role in the entorhinal-hippocampal connectivity. These findings were supported by changes in the synaptic proteomic content in CA1 stratum lacunosum-moleculare. Our results reveal a crucial role for CR cells in the establishment of the hippocampal network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingvild Lynneberg Glærum
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Center for Algorithms of the Cortex, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
- Mohn Research Center for the Brain, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Keagan Dunville
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Center for Algorithms of the Cortex, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Kristian Moan
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Center for Algorithms of the Cortex, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Maike Krause
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Center for Algorithms of the Cortex, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Nicola Pietro Montaldo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Hinako Kirikae
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Center for Algorithms of the Cortex, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Maximiliano Jose Nigro
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Center for Algorithms of the Cortex, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Pål Sætrom
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Barbara van Loon
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Giulia Quattrocolo
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Center for Algorithms of the Cortex, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
- Mohn Research Center for the Brain, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
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Kohzaki M, Suzuki K, Ootsuyama A, Okazaki R. Spontaneous p53 activation in middle-aged C57BL/6 mice mitigates the lifespan-extending adaptive response induced by low-dose ionizing radiation. NPJ AGING 2023; 9:26. [PMID: 37935713 PMCID: PMC10630390 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-023-00123-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the biological effects of low-dose (<100 mGy) ionizing radiation (LDR) is technically challenging. We investigated age-dependent LDR effects using adaptive response experiments in young (7-to 12-week-old) and middle-aged (40-to 62-week-old) C57BL/6 mice. Compared with 3 Gy irradiation, 0.02 Gy preirradiation followed by 3 Gy irradiation prolonged life in young mice but not middle-aged mice. Preirradiation also suppressed irradiation-induced 53BP1 repair foci in the small intestines, splenic apoptosis, and p53 activity in young mice but not middle-aged mice. Young p53+/- C57BL/6 mice did not show these adaptive responses, indicating that insufficient p53 function in young mice mitigated the adaptive responses. Interestingly, p53 activation in middle-aged mice spontaneously became approximately 4.5-fold greater than that in young mice, possibly masking LDR stresses. Furthermore, adaptive responses in young mice, but not in middle-aged mice, suppressed some senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors (IL-6, CCL2, CCL5, CXCL1). Thus, LDR-induced adaptive responses associated with specific SASP factors may be attenuated by a combination of reduced DNA damage sensor/transducer function and chronic p53 activation in middle-aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaoki Kohzaki
- Department of Radiobiology and Hygiene Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
| | - Keiji Suzuki
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Akira Ootsuyama
- Department of Radiation Biology and Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Ryuji Okazaki
- Department of Radiobiology and Hygiene Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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Szőke K, Bódi B, Hendrik Z, Czompa A, Gyöngyösi A, Haines DD, Papp Z, Tósaki Á, Lekli I. Rapamycin treatment increases survival, autophagy biomarkers and expression of the anti-aging klotho protein in elderly mice. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2023; 11:e01091. [PMID: 37190667 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous investigations have demonstrated that treatment of animals with rapamycin increases levels of autophagy, which is a process by which cells degrade intracellular detritus, thus suppressing the emergence of senescent cells, whose pro-inflammatory properties, are primary drivers of age-associated physical decline. A hypothesis is tested here that rapamycin treatment of mice approaching the end of their normal lifespan exhibits increased survival, enhanced expression of autophagic proteins; and klotho protein-a biomarker of aging that affects whole organism senescence, and systemic suppression of inflammatory mediator production. Test groups of 24-month-old C57BL mice were injected intraperitoneally with either 1.5 mg/kg/week rapamycin or vehicle. All mice administered rapamycin survived the 12-week course, whereas 43% of the controls died. Relative to controls, rapamycin-treated mice experienced minor but significant weight loss; moreover, nonsignificant trends toward decreased levels of leptin, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-1α, and IGF-1, along with slight elevations in VEGF, MCP-1 were observed in the blood serum of rapamycin-treated mice. Rapamycin-treated mice exhibited significantly enhanced autophagy and elevated expression of klotho protein, particularly in the kidney. Rapamycin treatment also increased cardiomyocyte Ca2+ -sensitivity and enhanced the rate constant of force re-development, which may also contribute to the enhanced survival rate in elderly mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitti Szőke
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Beáta Bódi
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Hendrik
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Czompa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Gyöngyösi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Zoltán Papp
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Árpád Tósaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Pharmamodul Research Team, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Lekli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Kohzaki M. Mammalian Resilience Revealed by a Comparison of Human Diseases and Mouse Models Associated With DNA Helicase Deficiencies. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:934042. [PMID: 36032672 PMCID: PMC9403131 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.934042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining genomic integrity is critical for sustaining individual animals and passing on the genome to subsequent generations. Several enzymes, such as DNA helicases and DNA polymerases, are involved in maintaining genomic integrity by unwinding and synthesizing the genome, respectively. Indeed, several human diseases that arise caused by deficiencies in these enzymes have long been known. In this review, the author presents the DNA helicases associated with human diseases discovered to date using recent analyses, including exome sequences. Since several mouse models that reflect these human diseases have been developed and reported, this study also summarizes the current knowledge regarding the outcomes of DNA helicase deficiencies in humans and mice and discusses possible mechanisms by which DNA helicases maintain genomic integrity in mammals. It also highlights specific diseases that demonstrate mammalian resilience, in which, despite the presence of genomic instability, patients and mouse models have lifespans comparable to those of the general population if they do not develop cancers; finally, this study discusses future directions for therapeutic applications in humans that can be explored using these mouse models.
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