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Liu Q, Deng Z, Chen H, Kim MS, Kim DH, Gu L, Lee JS, Yang Z. Changes in Induced-Antipredation Defense Traits and Transcriptome Regulations of Daphnia magna in Response to 5-HT 1A Receptor Antagonist. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:7577-7587. [PMID: 38630542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The serotonin signaling system plays a crucial role in regulating the ontogeny of crustaceans. Here, we describe the effects of different concentrations of the 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor antagonist (WAY-100635) on the induced antipredation (Rhodeus ocellatus as the predator), morphological, behavioral, and life-history defenses of Daphnia magna and use transcriptomics to analyze the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results indicate that exposure to WAY-100635 leads to changes in the expression of different defensive traits in D. magna when faced with fish predation risks. Specifically, as the length of exposure to WAY-100635 increases, high concentrations of WAY-100635 inhibit defensive responses associated with morphological and reproductive activities but promote the immediate negative phototactic behavioral defense of D. magna. This change is related to the underlying mechanism through which WAY-100635 interferes with gene expression of G-protein-coupled GABA receptors by affecting GABBR1 but promotes serotonin receptor signaling and ecdysteroid signaling pathways. In addition, we also find for the first time that fish kairomone can significantly activate the HIF-1α signaling pathway, which may lead to an increase in the rate of immediate movement. These results can help assess the potential impacts of serotonin-disrupting psychotropic drugs on zooplankton in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ziyi Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huafang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Min-Sub Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
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Gu L, Yang Y, Chen X, Liu Q, Sun Y, Zhang L, Yang Z. Delicate plasticity: Maladaptive responses to fish predation risk in Daphnia magna caused by sertraline pollution. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 344:140393. [PMID: 37820873 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
An emerging environmental pollutant may have a greater impact on phenotypic plasticity than its direct toxicity, causing maladaptive responses of organisms to their current environment. To better understand such ecological risks, we proposed a delicate plasticity hypothesis: if an emerging stressor acts on the fundamental processes underlying a specific adaptive plastic response, it is more likely to pose high risks to the phenotypic plasticity. Endocrine regulation is one of the critical processes of plasticity and is becoming a target for emerging pollutants. To test this hypothesis, we measured individual traits and the expression of endocrine-related genes in Daphnia magna in response to fish predation risk under exponentially increasing concentrations of the antidepressant sertraline, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. The results showed that sertraline impaired most of the defense responses of D. magna at concentrations lower than the effective concentrations of its direct toxicity. The high risks of sertraline on inducible defenses were also visually reflected in the relationships between toxicity and plasticity strength, that is, most of the defense responses exponentially decayed with an increase in sertraline toxicity. In addition, the expression of genes involved in serotonin synthesis was significantly correlated with the expression of other endocrine-related genes and with changes in morphological traits. These results revealed that environmental sertraline pollution could disturb endocrine regulation and cause high risks to inducible defenses of D. magna, providing evidence supporting the delicate plasticity hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ya Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xihua Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Alcalde Anton A, Young FJ, Melo-Flórez L, Couto A, Cross S, McMillan WO, Montgomery SH. Adult neurogenesis does not explain the extensive post-eclosion growth of Heliconius mushroom bodies. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:230755. [PMID: 37885989 PMCID: PMC10598442 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Among butterflies, Heliconius have a unique behavioural profile, being the sole genus to actively feed on pollen. Heliconius learn the location of pollen resources, and have enhanced visual memories and expanded mushroom bodies, an insect learning and memory centre, relative to related genera. These structures also show extensive post-eclosion growth and developmental sensitivity to environmental conditions. However, whether this reflects plasticity in neurite growth, or an extension of neurogenesis into the adult stage, is unknown. Adult neurogenesis has been described in some Lepidoptera, and could provide one route to the increased neuron number observed in Heliconius. Here, we compare volumetric changes in the mushroom bodies of freshly eclosed and aged Heliconius erato and Dryas iulia, and estimate the number of intrinsic mushroom body neurons using a new and validated automated method to count nuclei. Despite extensive volumetric variation associated with age, our data show that neuron number is remarkably constant in both species, suggesting a lack of adult neurogenesis in the mushroom bodies. We support this conclusion with assays of mitotic cells, which reveal very low levels of post-eclosion cell division. Our analyses provide an insight into the evolution of neural plasticity, and can serve as a basis for continued exploration of the potential mechanisms behind brain development and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fletcher J. Young
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | | | - Antoine Couto
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Stephen Cross
- Wolfson Bioimaging Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Stephen H. Montgomery
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Gamboa, Panama
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Graeve A, Huster J, Görl D, Ioannidou I, Gómez R, Weiss LC. Distinct cell proliferation patterns underlying the development of defensive crests in Daphnia longicephala. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10513. [PMID: 36110230 PMCID: PMC9468406 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The freshwater crustacean Daphnia is well known for its expression of morphological defenses in the presence of predators. Research into this phenomenon has mostly centered on the ecology and evolution of Daphnia defenses; information is limited on the cellular mechanisms that underlie site-specific tissue growth. We aimed to determine these cellular mechanisms, specifically those associated with the development of defensive crests in D. longicephala. With the help of a cell-proliferation assay we monitored changes in the epidermal tissue of naïve and predator-exposed D. longicephala. Based on our results, we propose that cell division is delayed in favor of cell growth, which results in crest formation. Further, we identify specific regions of proliferative activity in a time-dependent manner. Defense development starts in the ventral region, before extending in the cranial and then dorsal directions. We demonstrate that these cellular changes begin as early as 2 h after predator exposure. Our results provide new insights into the cellular processes underlying morphological defense expression in Daphnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Graeve
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Joshua Huster
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Deria Görl
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ioanna Ioannidou
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Rocio Gómez
- Cell Biology Unit, Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Linda C. Weiss
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Corresponding author.
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Chen S, Wang Y, Wu X, Chang J, Jin W, Li W, Song P, Wu Y, Zhu J, Qian Y, Shen C, Yu Y, Dong F. Degeneration of the Sensorimotor Tract in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy and Compensatory Structural Changes in the Brain. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:784263. [PMID: 35444527 PMCID: PMC9014124 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.784263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Degenerative cervical myelopathy is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, that has become increasingly prevalent in the aging population worldwide. The current study determined the factors affecting degeneration in the sensorimotor tract with degenerative cervical myelopathy and its relationship with brain structure. We divided patients into hyperintensity (HS) and non-hyperintensity (nHS) groups and measured the fractional anisotropy and apparent diffusion coefficients of the lateral corticospinal tract (CST), fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus (FGC). Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) techniques were used to estimate brain structure changes. Correlation of the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score, light touch, pinprick, motor score, and fractional anisotropy (FA) ratios of the CST at different levels were analyzed. Compared to healthy controls, the FA ratios of CST in the HS and nHS groups were decreased at all levels, and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) ratio was increased only at C4/5 levels in the HS group. The FA ratio of FGC was decreased at the C3/4 and C4/5 levels in the HS group and only decreased at the C4/5 level in the nHS group. The ADC ratio was decreased only at the C4/5 level in the HS group. VBM analysis revealed that the volume of the precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, and paracentral lobule increased in patients compared to controls. TBSS analysis found no statistical significance between the sensory and motor tracts in white matter. The volume of clusters in HS and nHS groups negatively correlated with the C1/2 FA ratio of the CST. The results showed that the degeneration distance of the CST was longer than the FGC, and the degeneration distance was related to the degree of compression and spinal cord damage. Structural compensation and the neurotrophin family may lead to enlargement of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xianyong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jianchao Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Weiming Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Peiwen Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yinfeng Qian
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cailiang Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fulong Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Fulong Dong
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