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Nguidi M, Gomes V, Vullo C, Rodrigues P, Rotondo M, Longaray M, Catelli L, Martínez B, Campos A, Carvalho E, Orovboni VO, Keshinro SO, Simão F, Gusmão L. Impact of patrilocality on contrasting patterns of paternal and maternal heritage in Central-West Africa. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15653. [PMID: 38977763 PMCID: PMC11231350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65428-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite their ancient past and high diversity, African populations are the least represented in human population genetic studies. In this study, uniparental markers (mtDNA and Y chromosome) were used to investigate the impact of sociocultural factors on the genetic diversity and inter-ethnolinguistic gene flow in the three major Nigerian groups: Hausa (n = 89), Yoruba (n = 135) and Igbo (n = 134). The results show a distinct history from the maternal and paternal perspectives. The three Nigerian groups present a similar substrate for mtDNA, but not for the Y chromosome. The two Niger-Congo groups, Yoruba and Igbo, are paternally genetically correlated with populations from the same ethnolinguistic affiliation. Meanwhile, the Hausa is paternally closer to other Afro-Asiatic populations and presented a high diversity of lineages from across Africa. When expanding the analyses to other African populations, it is observed that language did not act as a major barrier to female-mediated gene flow and that the differentiation of paternal lineages is better correlated with linguistic than geographic distances. The results obtained demonstrate the impact of patrilocality, a common and well-established practice in populations from Central-West Africa, in the preservation of the patrilineage gene pool and in the affirmation of identity between groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masinda Nguidi
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory (LDD), State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Verónica Gomes
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Vullo
- DNA Forensic Laboratory, Equipo Argentino de Antropología Forense (EAAF), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Pedro Rodrigues
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Martina Rotondo
- DNA Forensic Laboratory, Equipo Argentino de Antropología Forense (EAAF), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Micaela Longaray
- DNA Forensic Laboratory, Equipo Argentino de Antropología Forense (EAAF), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Laura Catelli
- DNA Forensic Laboratory, Equipo Argentino de Antropología Forense (EAAF), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Beatriz Martínez
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Afonso Campos
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Elizeu Carvalho
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory (LDD), State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Victoria O Orovboni
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Filipa Simão
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory (LDD), State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Leonor Gusmão
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory (LDD), State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Population genetic study of 17 Y-STR Loci of the Sorani Kurds in the Province of Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:763. [DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The Kurds as an ethnic group are believed to be a combination of earlier Indo-European tribes who migrated and inhabited a mountainous area thousands of years ago. However, as it is difficult to describe the precise history of their origin, it is necessary to investigate their population relationship with other geographical and ethnic groups.
Results
Seventeen Short Tandem Repeat markers on the Y chromosome (Y-STR) included in the AmpFLSTR™ Yfiler™ PCR Amplification Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) were used to type DNA samples from the Sorani (Central) Kurdish population in Sulaymaniyah province. One hundred fifty-seven haplotypes were obtained from 162 unrelated male individuals. The highest and lowest gene diversities were DYS385a/b (GD = 0.848) and DYS392 (GD = 0.392), respectively. The haplotypes were used to predict the most likely haplogroups in the Sulaymaniyah population.
Conclusion
Haplogroup prediction indicated predominance (28%) of subclade J2 (44/157) in the Sorani Kurds, northeast of Iraq. The pairwise genetic distance results showed that the Kurdish group clustered along with Asian populations, whereas the furthest countries were Europeans and Africans.
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