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Ntanasi T, Karavidas I, Spyrou GP, Giannothanasis E, Aliferis KA, Saitanis C, Fotopoulos V, Sabatino L, Savvas D, Ntatsi G. Plant Biostimulants Enhance Tomato Resilience to Salinity Stress: Insights from Two Greek Landraces. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1404. [PMID: 38794474 PMCID: PMC11125247 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Salinity, one of the major abiotic stresses in plants, significantly hampers germination, photosynthesis, biomass production, nutrient balance, and yield of staple crops. To mitigate the impact of such stress without compromising yield and quality, sustainable agronomic practices are required. Among these practices, seaweed extracts (SWEs) and microbial biostimulants (PGRBs) have emerged as important categories of plant biostimulants (PBs). This research aimed at elucidating the effects on growth, yield, quality, and nutrient status of two Greek tomato landraces ('Tomataki' and 'Thessaloniki') following treatments with the Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract 'Algastar' and the PGPB 'Nitrostim' formulation. Plants were subjected to bi-weekly applications of biostimulants and supplied with two nutrient solutions: 0.5 mM (control) and 30 mM NaCl. The results revealed that the different mode(s) of action of the two PBs impacted the tolerance of the different landraces, since 'Tomataki' was benefited only from the SWE application while 'Thessaloniki' showed significant increase in fruit numbers and average fruit weight with the application of both PBs at 0.5 and 30 mM NaCl in the root zone. In conclusion, the stress induced by salinity can be mitigated by increasing tomato tolerance through the application of PBs, a sustainable tool for productivity enhancement, which aligns well with the strategy of the European Green Deal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Ntanasi
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (T.N.); (I.K.); (G.P.S.); (E.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Ioannis Karavidas
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (T.N.); (I.K.); (G.P.S.); (E.G.); (D.S.)
| | - George P. Spyrou
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (T.N.); (I.K.); (G.P.S.); (E.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Evangelos Giannothanasis
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (T.N.); (I.K.); (G.P.S.); (E.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Konstantinos A. Aliferis
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece;
- Department of Plant Science, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Costas Saitanis
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Vasileios Fotopoulos
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science Cyprus University of Technology, P.O. Box 50329, 3603 Lemesos, Cyprus;
| | - Leo Sabatino
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Dimitrios Savvas
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (T.N.); (I.K.); (G.P.S.); (E.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Georgia Ntatsi
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (T.N.); (I.K.); (G.P.S.); (E.G.); (D.S.)
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Tareq FS, Singh J, Ferreira JFS, Sandhu D, Suarez DL, Luthria DL. A Targeted and an Untargeted Metabolomics Approach to Study the Phytochemicals of Tomato Cultivars Grown Under Different Salinity Conditions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7694-7706. [PMID: 38530768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the effect of increasing the salinity of irrigation water on the metabolic content and profiles of two tomato cultivars ('Jaune Flamme' (JF) and 'Red Pear' (RP)) using targeted and untargeted metabolomics approaches. Irrigation of tomato plants was performed with four different salt concentrations provided by chloride (treatment 1) and sulfate (treatment 2) salts. Targeted analysis of the methanolic extract resulted in the identification of nine major polyphenols. Among them, chlorogenic acid, rutin, and naringenin were the prominent compounds in both cultivars. In addition, the quantification of 18 free amino acids from both tomato cultivars showed that different salinity treatments significantly enhanced the levels of glutamine, glutamic acid, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Using the untargeted metabolomic approach, we identified 129 putative metabolites encompassing a diverse array of phytochemicals including polyphenols, organic acids, lipids, sugars, and amino acids. Principal component analysis (PCA) of mass spectral data acquired under positive and negative ionization modes showed a clear separation between the two cultivars. However, only positive ionization showed separation among different salinity treatments. Unsupervised and supervised learning algorithms were applied to mine the generated data and to pinpoint metabolites different from the two cultivars. These findings suggest that different salinity conditions significantly influenced the accumulation of phytochemicals in tomato cultivars. This study will help tomato breeding programs to develop value-added tomato cultivars under varying environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakir Shahidullah Tareq
- Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Jashbir Singh
- Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Jorge F S Ferreira
- Agricultural Water Efficiency and Salinity Research Unit, USDA-ARS U.S. Salinity Laboratory, 450 W. Big Springs Rd., Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Devinder Sandhu
- Agricultural Water Efficiency and Salinity Research Unit, USDA-ARS U.S. Salinity Laboratory, 450 W. Big Springs Rd., Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Donald L Suarez
- Agricultural Water Efficiency and Salinity Research Unit, USDA-ARS U.S. Salinity Laboratory, 450 W. Big Springs Rd., Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Devanand L Luthria
- Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
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Altaf MA, Behera B, Mangal V, Singhal RK, Kumar R, More S, Naz S, Mandal S, Dey A, Saqib M, Kishan G, Kumar A, Singh B, Tiwari RK, Lal MK. Tolerance and adaptation mechanism of Solanaceous crops under salinity stress. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:NULL. [PMID: 36356932 DOI: 10.1071/fp22158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Solanaceous crops act as a source of food, nutrition and medicine for humans. Soil salinity is a damaging environmental stress, causing significant reductions in cultivated land area, crop productivity and quality, especially under climate change. Solanaceous crops are extremely vulnerable to salinity stress due to high water requirements during the reproductive stage and the succulent nature of fruits and tubers. Salinity stress impedes morphological and anatomical development, which ultimately affect the production and productivity of the economic part of these crops. The morpho-physiological parameters such as root-to-shoot ratio, leaf area, biomass production, photosynthesis, hormonal balance, leaf water content are disturbed under salinity stress in Solanaceous crops. Moreover, the synthesis and signalling of reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, accumulation of compatible solutes, and osmoprotectant are significant under salinity stress which might be responsible for providing tolerance in these crops. The regulation at the molecular level is mediated by different genes, transcription factors, and proteins, which are vital in the tolerance mechanism. The present review aims to redraw the attention of the researchers to explore the mechanistic understanding and potential mitigation strategies against salinity stress in Solanaceous crops, which is an often-neglected commodity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vikas Mangal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Singhal
- ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sanket More
- ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Safina Naz
- Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sayanti Mandal
- Institute of Bioinformatics Biotechnology (IBB), Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal 700073, India
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Gopi Kishan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Awadhesh Kumar
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Brajesh Singh
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Tiwari
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India; and ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India; and ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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López-Serrano L, Martínez-Cuenca MR, López-Galarza S, Calatayud Á. Differential gene expression patterns and physiological responses improve adaptation to high salinity concentration in pepper accessions. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14090. [PMID: 38148183 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
High salinity decreases the productivity of crops worldwide. Pepper is particularly sensitive to high salt concentrations. Herein, we subjected three tolerant pepper accessions (C12, B14 and A25) to high sodium chloride concentration (70 mM NaCl). The aerial and root biomass, leaf and root osmotic potential (Ψπ ), Na+ , Cl- , K+ and proline concentrations and the relative expression of the putative genes CaSOS1, CaHKT1, three CaNHXs and CaP5CS were measured. Different salinity tolerance strategies depending on the pepper accession were identified. In C12, tolerance was attributed to the accumulation of Na+ in vacuoles and endosomes by the activation of vacuolar CaNHXs genes and the reduction in Ψπ ; additionally, the activation of CaHKT1 and CaSOS1 in leaves and roots moved and accumulated Na+ ions in the xylem and xylem parenchyma cells (XPC) as well as expulsed it out of the root cells. A25 accession, on the contrary, was specialized in compartmentalizing Na+ ions in root and leaf vacuoles and root XPC by the up-regulation of CaNHXs and CaHKT1, respectively, avoiding a toxic accumulation in leaves. Finally, B14 accession moved and accumulated Na+ in xylem and XPC, reducing its concentration in roots by the activation of CaSOS1 and CaHKT1. This study shade light on different tolerance mechanisms of pepper plants to overcome salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia López-Serrano
- Horticulture Department, Valencian Institute for Agricultural Research, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Ángeles Calatayud
- Horticulture Department, Valencian Institute for Agricultural Research, Valencia, Spain
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Kiferle C, Gonzali S, Beltrami S, Martinelli M, Hora K, Holwerda HT, Perata P. Improvement in fruit yield and tolerance to salinity of tomato plants fertigated with micronutrient amounts of iodine. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14655. [PMID: 36038704 PMCID: PMC9424290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18301-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Iodine is an essential micronutrient for humans, but its role in plant physiology was debated for nearly a century. Recently its functional involvement in plant nutrition and stress-protection collected the first experimental evidence. This study wanted to examine in depth the involvement of iodine in tomato plant nutrition, also evaluating its potential on salt stress tolerance. To this end, iodine was administered at dosages effective for micronutrients to plants grown in different experimental systems (growth chamber and greenhouse), alone or in presence of a mild-moderate NaCl-salinity stress. Plant vegetative fitness, fruit yield and quality, biochemical parameters and transcriptional activity of selected stress-responsive genes were evaluated. In unstressed plants, iodine increased plant growth and fruit yield, as well as some fruit qualitative parameters. In presence of salt stress, iodine mitigated some of the negative effects observed, according to the iodine/NaCl concentrations used. Some fruit parameters and the expressions of the stress marker genes analyzed were affected by the treatments, explaining, at least in part, the increased plant tolerance to the salinity. This study thus reconfirms the functional involvement of iodine in plant nutrition and offers evidence towards the use of minute amounts of it as a beneficial nutrient for crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kiferle
- PlantLab, Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Silvia Gonzali
- PlantLab, Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Beltrami
- PlantLab, Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Martinelli
- PlantLab, Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Katja Hora
- SQM International N.V., 2030, Antwerpen, Belgium
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Khaliluev MR, Bogoutdinova LR, Raldugina GN, Baranova EN. A Simple and Effective Bioassay Method Suitable to Comparative In Vitro Study of Tomato Salt Tolerance at Early Development Stages. Methods Protoc 2022; 5:mps5010011. [PMID: 35200528 PMCID: PMC8877814 DOI: 10.3390/mps5010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro evaluation of tomato seeds and seedlings for salt tolerance has undoubted advantages (high productivity, as well as stability and reproducibility of the obtained experimental data due to the maintenance of constant controlled conditions) in comparison with open-field system and pot experiments. However, even high-quality seeds greatly differ in the uniformity of germination capacity and germination energy. Heterogeneous germination in the habit and developmental stage of plant material significantly distorts the obtaining of relevant experimental data suitable for correct interpretation. In our study, we propose a simple and effective bioassay method suitable to comparative in vitro study of tomato salt tolerance using shoot apex of seedlings at the early first-true-leaf stage. Shoot apexes cultured the on the root induction medium (RIM) supplemented with 0.2 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and NaCl at different concentrations (0–250 mM NaCl) revealed significant differences between two tomato genotypes (line YaLF and cv. Rekordsmen) at the organismal (measurements of CO2 gas exchange), organ (rhizogenesis frequency; number and length of de novo regenerated roots; root fresh (RFW) and dry (RDW) weights; shoot fresh (SFW) and dry (SDW) weights), tissue (the average cross-sectional area of epidermal and mesophylls cotyledonary cells) and cellular (ultrastructure of chloroplast and nuclear compartments) development levels. In addition, a quantitative comparison of proline and photosynthetic pigments contents under 75 and 150 mm NaCl treatments showed a different response between two tomato genotypes. The proposed methodological approach can be used for other plants with a high response to auxin-induced rhizogenesis in vitro, as well as for the comparative in vitro assessment of other abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marat R. Khaliluev
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrobiotechnology, Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Timiryazevskaya 49, 127550 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(499)-977-31-41
| | - Liliya R. Bogoutdinova
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia; (L.R.B.); (E.N.B.)
| | - Galina N. Raldugina
- Laboratory of Ion Transport and Salinity Resistance, K. A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ekaterina N. Baranova
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia; (L.R.B.); (E.N.B.)
- Laboratory of Plant Protection, N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 4, 127276 Moscow, Russia
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