Experimental estimation of the longitudinal component of a highly focused electromagnetic field

Interferometric measurement of arbitrary propagating vector beams that are tightly focused

In this work, we demonstrate a simple setup to generate and measure arbitrary vector beams that are tightly focused. The vector beams are created with a spatial light modulator and focused with a microscope objective with an effective numerical aperture of 1.2. The transverse polarization components (E_x, E_y) of the tightly focused vector beams are measured with three-step interferometry. The axial component E_z is reconstructed using the transverse fields with Gauss's law. We measure beams with the following polarization states: circular, radial, azimuthal, spiral, flower, and spider web.

Stokes CMOS polarimetry limits studied at non-classical polarisation states

We present the study of the two polarisation state analysers. The first consists of a polarisation camera with a removable QWP, and the second consists of a non-polarisation camera with a rotating QWP and a stationary linear polariser. The theoretical analysis and experiment focus on studying the influence of polarimeter optical components accuracy and errors such as retardation errors, misalignments and extinction ratio on Stokes parameters precision. This research is a cornerstone to understanding polarisation state analysers limits. We examined laser beams with non-classical polarisation distribution, namely the Poincaré beam and the beam with radial polarisation.