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Godoy MCXD, Monteiro GA, Moraes BHD, Macedo JA, Gonçalves GMS, Gambero A. Addition of Polyphenols to Drugs: The Potential of Controlling "Inflammaging" and Fibrosis in Human Senescent Lung Fibroblasts In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7163. [PMID: 39000270 PMCID: PMC11241747 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The combination of a polyphenol, quercetin, with dasatinib initiated clinical trials to evaluate the safety and efficacy of senolytics in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a lung disease associated with the presence of senescent cells. Another approach to senotherapeutics consists of controlling inflammation related to cellular senescence or "inflammaging", which participates, among other processes, in establishing pulmonary fibrosis. We evaluate whether polyphenols such as caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, gallic acid, quercetin, or resveratrol combined with different senotherapeutics such as metformin or rapamycin, and antifibrotic drugs such as nintedanib or pirfenidone, could present beneficial actions in an in vitro model of senescent MRC-5 lung fibroblasts. A senescent-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) was evaluated by the measurement of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-1β. The senescent-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity and cellular proliferation were assessed. Fibrosis was evaluated using a Picrosirius red assay and the gene expression of fibrosis-related genes. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was assayed in the A549 cell line exposed to Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-β in vitro. The combination that demonstrated the best results was metformin and caffeic acid, by inhibiting IL-6 and IL-8 in senescent MRC-5 cells. Metformin and caffeic acid also restore cellular proliferation and reduce SA-β-gal activity during senescence induction. The collagen production by senescent MRC-5 cells was inhibited by epicatechin alone or combined with drugs. Epicatechin and nintedanib were able to control EMT in A549 cells. In conclusion, caffeic acid and epicatechin can potentially increase the effectiveness of senotherapeutic drugs in controlling lung diseases whose pathophysiological component is the presence of senescent cells and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carolina Ximenes de Godoy
- School for Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Av. John Boyd Dunlop, Campinas 13034-685, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Arruda Monteiro
- School for Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Av. John Boyd Dunlop, Campinas 13034-685, SP, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Hakim de Moraes
- School for Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Av. John Boyd Dunlop, Campinas 13034-685, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Alves Macedo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil
| | - Gisele Mara Silva Gonçalves
- School for Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Av. John Boyd Dunlop, Campinas 13034-685, SP, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Gambero
- School for Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Av. John Boyd Dunlop, Campinas 13034-685, SP, Brazil
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Sharma R, Diwan B. Lipids and the hallmarks of ageing: From pathology to interventions. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 215:111858. [PMID: 37652278 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are critical structural and functional architects of cellular homeostasis. Change in systemic lipid profile is a clinical indicator of underlying metabolic pathologies, and emerging evidence is now defining novel roles of lipids in modulating organismal ageing. Characteristic alterations in lipid metabolism correlate with age, and impaired systemic lipid profile can also accelerate the development of ageing phenotype. The present work provides a comprehensive review of the extent of lipids as regulators of the modern hallmarks of ageing viz., cellular senescence, chronic inflammation, gut dysbiosis, telomere attrition, genome instability, proteostasis and autophagy, epigenetic alterations, and stem cells dysfunctions. Current evidence on the modulation of each of these hallmarks has been discussed with emphasis on inherent age-dependent deficiencies in lipid metabolism as well as exogenous lipid changes. There appears to be sufficient evidence to consider impaired lipid metabolism as key driver of the ageing process although much of knowledge is yet fragmented. Considering dietary lipids, the type and quantity of lipids in the diet is a significant, but often overlooked determinant that governs the effects of lipids on ageing. Further research using integrative approaches amidst the known aging hallmarks is highly desirable for understanding the therapeutics of lipids associated with ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sharma
- Nutrigerontology Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences & Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India.
| | - Bhawna Diwan
- Nutrigerontology Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences & Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India
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da Silva Rodrigues G, Noronha NY, Almeida ML, Sobrinho ACDS, Watanabe LM, Pinhel MADS, de Lima JGR, Zhang R, Nonino CB, Alves CRR, Bueno Júnior CR. Exercise training modifies the whole blood DNA methylation profile in middle-aged and older women. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 134:610-621. [PMID: 36701486 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00237.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This is a longitudinal single-arm clinical trial aimed to investigate whether exercise training would modify the whole blood methylation profile in healthy women. A total of 45 subjects were engaged in an exercise training protocol during a 14-wk follow up, consisting of aerobic cardiorespiratory and muscle strength exercises. Subjects were evaluated at baseline (PRE), after 7 wk of exercise training (POST 7), and after 14 wk of exercise training (POST 14). Functional primary outcomes included anthropometric, blood pressure, biochemical measurements, physical tests, and global health assessments. Blood samples were collected at each time point to determine the methylation profile using a DNA methylation array technique screening up to 850k different sites. Exercise training decreased blood pressure and triglyceride levels and enhanced physical performance, including upper- and lower-body maximum strength. Moreover, exercise training improved markers of quality of life. In the array analysis, 14 wk of exercise training changed the methylation of more than 800 sites. Across these differentially methylated sites, we found that differentially methylated sites in the promoter region were more hypermethylated after exercise training, suggesting that this hypermethylation process may affect the transcription process. When inputting the differentially methylated sites in pathway analysis, we found several metabolic pathways, including AMPK signaling, TGF-β signaling, and insulin signaling. This study demonstrates that exercise training promotes a robust change in the whole blood methylation profile and provides new insights into the key regulators of exercise-induced benefits.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We have shown that exercise training lowers blood pressure and triglyceride levels, improves physical performance, and improves quality of life in middle-aged and elderly women. Regarding epigenetic data, we noticed that more than 800 sites are differentially methylated in whole blood after physical training. We emphasize that the differentially methylated sites in the promoter region are more hypermethylated after physical training. In addition, this study shows that key members of metabolic pathways, including AMPK signaling, TGF-β signaling, and insulin signaling, are among the genes hypermethylated after physical exercise in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natália Y Noronha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana L Almeida
- College of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andressa C da S Sobrinho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lígia M Watanabe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcela A de S Pinhel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João G R de Lima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ren Zhang
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Carla B Nonino
- Health Sciences Department, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christiano R R Alves
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Carlos R Bueno Júnior
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,College of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Nawrat-Szołtysik A, Sieradzka M, Nowacka-Chmielewska M, Piejko L, Duda J, Brachman A, Polak A. Effect of Whole-Body Vibration Training on Selected Intrinsic Risk Factors in Women Aged 60+ at Fall Risk: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192417066. [PMID: 36554961 PMCID: PMC9779491 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192417066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of the study was to determine whether Whole Body Vibration Training (WBVT) affects intrinsic risk factors for falls in women aged 60+ at fall risk. DESIGN Randomized controlled clinical trial. Blinding was applied to the persons in charge of evaluating the intervention's clinical results and statistical analysis. METHODS Forty-two women over 60 years old were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG-12-week WBVT; n = 22) and a control group (CG-no additional physical activities; n = 20). Fear of falling was measured by the FES-I questionnaire, gait and dynamic balance using the Time-Up and Go test (TUG), aerobic endurance with the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and the functional strength of the lower body muscles with the 30-s Chair Stand Test (30SCST) at baseline and post-intervention. Additionally assayed were participants' blood concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6). RESULTS The 12-week WBVT improves gait and balance (TUG, p = 0.009), exercise tolerance (6MWT, p = 0.001), and functional strength (30SCST; p = 0.027) but does not reduce the intensity of fear of falling (FES-I, p = 0.655) and the IL-6 serum concentration (p = 0.377). CONCLUSIONS WBVT affects selected fall risk factors in women aged 60+ at fall risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Nawrat-Szołtysik
- Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-793-481-081
| | - Marta Sieradzka
- Doctoral School, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marta Nowacka-Chmielewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| | - Laura Piejko
- Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| | - Julia Duda
- Doctoral School, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Brachman
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Polak
- Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
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Baarz BR, Laurentius T, Wolf J, Wessels I, Bollheimer LC, Rink L. Short-term zinc supplementation of zinc-deficient seniors counteracts CREMα - mediated IL-2 suppression. Immun Ageing 2022; 19:40. [PMID: 36042501 PMCID: PMC9424813 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Aging is accompanied by a dramatic decline in the interleukin (IL)-2 production capacity of human immune cells, thus making seniors more susceptible to a variety of age-related diseases. A common cause of impaired cytokine production in advanced age is a deficiency of the essential micronutrient zinc. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying a zinc deficiency-induced decrease in IL-2 production have not yet been satisfactorily elucidated. Recent animal and in vitro data suggested that the transcription factor cAMP-responsive element modulator (CREM) \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\alpha$$\end{document}α plays a critical role in T cells´ disturbed IL-2 production in suboptimal zinc conditions. However, its role in the human aging process and the possibility of influencing this detrimental process by short-term zinc supplementation have not yet been evaluated. Results Comparing peripheral lymphocytes of 23 young and 31 elderly subjects with either high, intermediate, or deficient zinc status, we observed zinc-dependent regulation of the IL-2 production mediated by the transcription factor CREM \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\alpha$$\end{document}α. For the first time in humans, we report a mutual relationship between low zinc levels, high CREM \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\alpha$$\end{document}α expression, subsequent impaired IL-2 production, and vice versa. Remarkably, an average of only 6 days of in vivo zinc supplementation to zinc-deficient seniors was sufficient to rapidly improve zinc status, reverse CREM \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\alpha$$\end{document}α overexpression, and counteract subsequent low IL-2 production rates. Conclusions Our ex vivo and in vivo data identify zinc deficiency-mediated CREM \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\alpha$$\end{document}α overexpression as a key cellular mechanism underlying impaired IL-2 production in the elderly and point toward the use of zinc as a rapidly immune-enhancing add-on nutraceutical in geriatric therapy. Graphical abstract During the aging process, there is a progressive decrease in zinc status, which in turn leads to overexpression of the transcription factor CREM\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\mathrm{\alpha }$$\end{document}α in peripheral lymphocytes. CREMα is a negative regulator of the IL-2 gene, the overexpression of which dramatically limits adequate IL-2 production. This deleterious mechanism can be counteracted by short-term oral zinc administration, which can adjust IL-2 production in old, zinc-deficient individuals to a level similar to that of young adults.![]()
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