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Veeturi SS, Saleem A, Ojeda DJ, Sagues E, Sanchez S, Gudino A, Levy EI, Hasan D, Siddiqui AH, Tutino VM, Samaniego EA. Radiomics-Based Predictive Nomogram for Assessing the Risk of Intracranial Aneurysms. Transl Stroke Res 2024:10.1007/s12975-024-01268-3. [PMID: 38954365 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-024-01268-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE) has the potential to be used as an imaging biomarker for the risk stratification of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). Radiomics provides a refined approach to quantify and further characterize AWE's textural features. This study examines the performance of AWE quantification combined with clinical information in detecting symptomatic IAs. Ninety patients harboring 104 IAs (29 symptomatic and 75 asymptomatic) underwent high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI). The assessment of AWE was performed using two different methods: 3D-AWE mapping and composite radiomics-based score (RadScore). The dataset was split into training and testing subsets. The testing set was used to build two different nomograms using each modality of AWE assessment combined with patients' clinical information and aneurysm morphological data. Finally, each nomogram was evaluated on an independent testing set. A total of 22 radiomic features were significantly different between symptomatic and asymptomatic IAs. The 3D-AWE mapping nomogram achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.77 (63% accuracy, 78% sensitivity, and 58% specificity). The RadScore nomogram exhibited a better performance, achieving an AUC of 0.83 (77% accuracy, 89% sensitivity, and 73% specificity). The comprehensive analysis of IAs with the quantification of AWE data through radiomic analysis, patient clinical information, and morphological aneurysm metrics achieves a high accuracy in detecting symptomatic IA status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sricharan S Veeturi
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Arshaq Saleem
- Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Diego J Ojeda
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Elena Sagues
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | | | - Andres Gudino
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Elad I Levy
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - David Hasan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Adnan H Siddiqui
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Vincent M Tutino
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Edgar A Samaniego
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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Veeturi SS, Hall S, Fujimura S, Mossa-Basha M, Sagues E, Samaniego EA, Tutino VM. Imaging of Intracranial Aneurysms: A Review of Standard and Advanced Imaging Techniques. Transl Stroke Res 2024:10.1007/s12975-024-01261-w. [PMID: 38856829 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-024-01261-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The treatment of intracranial aneurysms is dictated by its risk of rupture in the future. Several clinical and radiological risk factors for aneurysm rupture have been described and incorporated into prediction models. Despite the recent technological advancements in aneurysm imaging, linear length and visible irregularity with a bleb are the only radiological measure used in clinical prediction models. The purpose of this article is to summarize both the standard imaging techniques, including their limitations, and the advanced techniques being used experimentally to image aneurysms. It is expected that as our understanding of advanced techniques improves, and their ability to predict clinical events is demonstrated, they become an increasingly routine part of aneurysm assessment. It is important that neurovascular specialists understand the spectrum of imaging techniques available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sricharan S Veeturi
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, Clinical and Translational Research Center, University at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Samuel Hall
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Soichiro Fujimura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Innovation for Medical Information Technology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Elena Sagues
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Vincent M Tutino
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, Clinical and Translational Research Center, University at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Veeturi SS, Saleem A, Ojeda D, Sagues E, Sanchez S, Gudino A, Levy EI, Hasan D, Siddiqui AH, Tutino VM, Samaniego EA. Radiomics-Based Predictive Nomogram for Assessing the Risk of Intracranial Aneurysms. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4350156. [PMID: 38766264 PMCID: PMC11100888 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4350156/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE) has the potential to be used as an imaging biomarker for the risk stratification of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). Radiomics provides a refined approach to quantify and further characterize AWE's textural features. This study examines the performance of AWE quantification combined with clinical information in detecting symptomatic IAs. Methods Ninety patients harboring 104 IAs (29 symptomatic and 75 asymptomatic) underwent high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI). The assessment of AWE was performed using two different methods: 3D-AWE mapping and composite radiomics-based score (RadScore). The dataset was split into training and testing subsets. The testing set was used to build two different nomograms using each modality of AWE assessment combined with patients' demographic information and aneurysm morphological data. Finally, each nomogram was evaluated on an independent testing set. Results A total of 22 radiomic features were significantly different between symptomatic and asymptomatic IAs. The 3D-AWE Mapping nomogram achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.77 (63% accuracy, 78% sensitivity and 58% specificity). The RadScore nomogram exhibited a better performance, achieving an AUC of 0.83 (77% accuracy, 89% sensitivity and 73% specificity). Conclusions Combining AWE quantification through radiomic analysis with patient demographic data in a clinical nomogram achieved high accuracy in detecting symptomatic IAs.
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Sanchez S, Gudino-Vega A, Guijarro-Falcon K, Miller JM, Noboa LE, Samaniego EA. MR Imaging of the Cerebral Aneurysmal Wall for Assessment of Rupture Risk. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2024; 34:225-240. [PMID: 38604707 DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The evaluation of unruptured intracranial aneurysms requires a comprehensive and multifaceted approach. The comprehensive analysis of aneurysm wall enhancement through high-resolution MRI, in tandem with advanced processing techniques like finite element analysis, quantitative susceptibility mapping, and computational fluid dynamics, has begun to unveil insights into the intricate biology of aneurysms. This enhanced understanding of the etiology, progression, and eventual rupture of aneurysms holds the potential to be used as a tool to triage patients to intervention versus observation. Emerging tools such as radiomics and machine learning are poised to contribute significantly to this evolving landscape of diagnostic refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Sanchez
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, LLCI 912, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Andres Gudino-Vega
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | | | - Jacob M Miller
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Luis E Noboa
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Edgar A Samaniego
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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Shih-Yüng Wang S, Hauser TK, Haas P, Tellermann J, Hurth H, Ernemann U, Tatagiba M, Bender B, Khan N, Roder C. Intensity Score of Vessel Wall Contrast Enhancement in MRI Allows Prediction of Disease Progression in Moyamoya Angiopathy. Neurosurgery 2024:00006123-990000000-01151. [PMID: 38687044 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The underlying pathophysiological cause of moyamoya angiopathy (MMA) is still unclear. High-resolution vessel wall imaging has become a useful tool. The aim was to study vessel wall contrast-enhancement (VW-CE) as an imaging marker to predict disease progression in MMA. METHODS Patients with MMA, who had undergone serial contrast-enhanced high-resolution MRI with concomitant and follow-up digital subtraction angiography, were analyzed retrospectively. VW-CE was semiquantified by measurement of the signal intensity of the vessel wall in in contrast-enhanced high-resolution MRI. A comparative quotient with the contrast-intensity of the pituitary stalk was calculated and graded accordingly from grade 1 to 5. VW-CE status was correlated with disease status, stroke, cerebrovascular reactivity in CO2-triggered blood-oxygen level-dependent MRI, angiographic disease progression, revascularization surgery, and follow-up imaging. RESULTS Forty eight patients met the inclusion criteria. N = 56 MRI and digital subtraction angiography time-intervals were evaluated for 12 vessel sections per hemisphere each (N = 1344). N = 38 (79%) patients showed VW-CE and N = 10 (21%) did not. VW-CE was only observed in the terminal internal carotid artery and the proximal circle of Willis (N = 96/1344). Notably, patients with VW-CE significantly more often presented with acute infarction in the concomitant MRI. The incidence of angiographically proven disease progression was significantly associated with the incidence of VW-CE, and time to disease progression was earlier in higher grades of VW-CE compared with lower grades. CONCLUSION VW-CE is a semiquantifiable marker for disease activity in patients with MMA and associated with disease progression and increased risk of stroke. VW-CE analysis can be routinely performed in patients with MMA to estimate the risk for disease progression and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Shih-Yüng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center for Moyamoya and Cerebral Revascularization, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Till-Karsten Hauser
- Department of Neuroradiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Patrick Haas
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center for Moyamoya and Cerebral Revascularization, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonas Tellermann
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center for Moyamoya and Cerebral Revascularization, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Helene Hurth
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center for Moyamoya and Cerebral Revascularization, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Ernemann
- Department of Neuroradiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marcos Tatagiba
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center for Moyamoya and Cerebral Revascularization, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Bender
- Department of Neuroradiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nadia Khan
- Center for Moyamoya and Cerebral Revascularization, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Moyamoya Center, University Children's Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Constantin Roder
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center for Moyamoya and Cerebral Revascularization, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Xia J, Peng F, Chen X, Yang F, Feng X, Niu H, Xu B, Liu X, Guo J, Zhong Y, Sui B, Ju Y, Kang S, Zhao X, Liu A, Zhao J. Statins may Decrease Aneurysm wall Enhancement of Unruptured Fusiform Intracranial Aneurysms: A high-resolution 3T MRI Study. Transl Stroke Res 2023:10.1007/s12975-023-01190-0. [PMID: 37673834 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation plays an integral role in the formation, growth, and progression to rupture of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. Aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE) in high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) has emerged as a surrogate biomarker of vessel wall inflammation and unruptured intracranial aneurysm instability. We investigated the correlation between anti-inflammatory drug use and three-dimensional AWE of fusiform intracranial aneurysms (FIAs). We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with FIAs in our database who underwent 3T HR-MRI at three Chinese centers. FIAs were classified as fusiform-type, dolichoectatic-type, or transitional-type. AWE was objectively defined using the aneurysm-to-pituitary stalk contrast ratio in three-dimensional space by determining the contrast ratio of the average signal intensity in the aneurysmal wall and pituitary stalk on post-contrast T1-weighted images. Data on aneurysm size, morphology, and location, as well as patient demographics and comorbidities, were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine factors independently associated with AWE of FIAs on HR-MRI. In total, 127 FIAs were included. In multivariate analysis, statin use (β = -0.236, P = 0.007) was the only independent factor significantly associated with decreased AWE. In the analysis of three FIA subtypes, the fusiform and transitional types were significantly associated with statin use (rs = -0.230, P = 0.035; and rs = -0.551, P = 0.010; respectively). It establishes an incidental correlation between the use of statins daily for ≥ 6 months and decreased AWE of FIAs. The findings also indicate that the pathophysiology may differ among the three FIA subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiang Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuge Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Boya Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahuan Guo
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Binbin Sui
- Tiantan Neuroimaging Center of Excellence, National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Ju
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingquan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Aihua Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jizong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Center for Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research, Beijing, China.
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Translational Engineering Center for 3D Printer in Clinical Neuroscience, Beijing, China.
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Raghuram A, Sanchez S, Wendt L, Cochran S, Ishii D, Osorno C, Bathla G, Koscik TR, Torner J, Hasan D, Samaniego EA. 3D aneurysm wall enhancement is associated with symptomatic presentation. J Neurointerv Surg 2023; 15:747-752. [PMID: 35853699 PMCID: PMC10173164 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2022-019125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE) is a potential surrogate biomarker for aneurysm instability. Previous studies have assessed AWE using 2D multiplanar methods, most of which were conducted qualitatively. OBJECTIVE To use a new quantitative tool to analyze a large cohort of saccular aneurysms with 3D-AWE maps METHODS: Saccular aneurysms were imaged prospectively with 3T high resolution MRI. 3D-AWE maps of symptomatic (defined as ruptured or presentation with sentinel headache/cranial nerve neuropathy) and asymptomatic aneurysms were created by extending orthogonal probes from the aneurysm lumen into the wall. Three metrics were used to characterize enhancement: 3D circumferential AWE (3D-CAWE), aneurysm-specific contrast uptake (SAWE), and focal AWE (FAWE). Aneurysms with a circumferential AWE higher than the corpus callosum (3D-CAWE ≥1) were classified as 3D-CAWE+. Symptomatic presentation was analyzed with univariate and multivariate logistic models. Aneurysm size, size ratio, aspect ratio, irregular morphology, and PHASES and ELAPSS scores were compared with the new AWE metrics. Bleb and microhemorrhage analyses were also performed. RESULTS Ninety-three aneurysms were analyzed. 3D-CAWE, SAWE, and FAWE were associated with symptomatic status (OR=1.34, 1.25, and 1.08, respectively). A multivariate model including aneurysm size, 3D-CAWE+, age, female gender, and FAWE detected symptomatic status with 80% specificity and 90% sensitivity (area under the curve=0.914, =0.967). FAWE was also associated with irregular morphology and high-risk location (p=0.043 and p=0.001, respectively). In general, blebs enhanced 56% more than the aneurysm body. Areas of microhemorrhage co-localized with areas of increased SAWE (p=0.047). CONCLUSIONS 3D-AWE mapping provides a new set of metrics that could potentially improve the identification of symptomatic aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashrita Raghuram
- Department of Neurology, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Sebastian Sanchez
- Department of Neurology, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Linder Wendt
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Steven Cochran
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Daizo Ishii
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Carlos Osorno
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Girish Bathla
- Department of Radiology, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Timothy R Koscik
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - James Torner
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - David Hasan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Edgar A Samaniego
- Department of Neurology, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Radiology, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Chen X, Peng F, Liu X, Xia J, Niu H, He X, Xu B, Bai X, Li Z, Xu P, Duan Y, Sui B, Zhao X, Liu A. Three-dimensional aneurysm wall enhancement in fusiform intracranial aneurysms is associated with aneurysmal symptoms. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1171946. [PMID: 37214386 PMCID: PMC10196058 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1171946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE) in high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) is a potential biomarker for evaluating unstable aneurysms. Fusiform intracranial aneurysms (FIAs) frequently have a complex and curved structure. We aimed to develop a new three-dimensional (3D) aneurysmal wall enhancement (AWE) characterization method to enable comprehensive FIA evaluation and to investigate the ability of 3D-AWE to predict symptomatic FIA. Methods We prospectively recruited patients with unruptured FIAs and received 3 T HR-MRI imaging from September 2017 to January 2019. 3D models of aneurysms and parent arteries were generated. Boundaries of the FIA were determined using 3D vessel diameter measurements. Dmax was the greatest diameter in the cross-section, while Lmax was the length of the centerline of the aneurysm. Signal intensity of the FIA was normalized to the pituitary stalk and then mapped onto the 3D model, then the average enhancement (3D-AWEavg), maximum enhancement (3D-AWEmax), enhancement area (AWEarea), and enhancement ratio (AWEratio) were calculated as AWE indicators, and the surface area of the entire aneurysm (Aarea) was also calculated. Areas with high AWE were defined as those with a value >0.9 times the signal intensity of the pituitary stalk. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine independent predictors of aneurysm-related symptoms. FIA subtypes were defined as fusiform, dolichoectasia, and transitional. Differences between the three FIA subtypes were also examined. Results Forty-seven patients with 47 FIAs were included. Mean patient age was 55 ± 12.62 years and 74.5% were male. Twenty-nine patients (38.3%) were symptomatic. After adjusting for baseline differences in age, hypertension, Lmax, and FIA subtype, the multivariate logistics regression models showed that 3D-AWEavg (odds ratio [OR], 4.029; p = 0.019), 3D-AWEmax (OR, 3.437; p = 0.022), AWEarea (OR, 1.019; p = 0.008), and AWEratio (OR, 2.490; p = 0.045) were independent predictors of aneurysm-related symptoms. Dmax and Aarea were larger and 3D-AWEavg, 3D-AWEmax, AWEarea, and AWEratio were higher with the transitional subtype than the other two subtypes. Conclusion The new 3D AWE method, which enables the use of numerous new metrics, can predict symptomatic FIAs. Different 3D-AWE between the three FIA subtypes may be helpful in understanding the pathophysiology of FIAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuge Chen
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxiang Xia
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Niu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin He
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital University, Beijing, China
| | - Boya Xu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Bai
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiye Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Tiantan Neuroimaging Center of Excellence, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghong Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Binbin Sui
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Tiantan Neuroimaging Center of Excellence, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xingquan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Aihua Liu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital University, Beijing, China
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Raghuram A, Galloy A, Nino M, Sanchez S, Hasan D, Raghavan S, Samaniego EA. Comprehensive morphomechanical analysis of brain aneurysms. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2023; 165:461-470. [PMID: 36595056 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-022-05476-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brain aneurysms comprise different compartments that undergo unique biological processes. A detailed multimodal analysis incorporating 3D aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE), computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and finite element analysis (FEA) data can provide insights into the aneurysm wall biology. METHODS Unruptured aneurysms were prospectively imaged with 7 T high-resolution MRI (HR-MRI). 3D AWE color maps of the entire aneurysm wall were generated and co-registered with contour plots of morphomechanical parameters derived from CFD and FEA. A multimodal analysis of the entire aneurysm was performed using 3D circumferential AWE (3D-CAWE), wall tension (WT), time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), wall shear stress gradient (WSSG), and oscillatory shear index (OSI). A detailed compartmental analysis of each aneurysm's dome, bleb, and neck was also performed. RESULTS Twenty-six aneurysms were analyzed. 3D-CAWE + aneurysms had higher WT (p = 0.03) and higher TAWSS (p = 0.045) than 3D-CAWE- aneurysms. WT, TAWSS, and WSSG were lower in areas of focal AWE in the aneurysm dome compared to the neck (p = 0.009, p = 0.049, and p = 0.040, respectively), whereas OSI was higher in areas of focal AWE compared to the neck (p = 0.020). When compared to areas of no AWE of the aneurysm sac (AWE = 0.92 vs. 0.49, p = 0.001), blebs exhibited lower WT (1.6 vs. 2.45, p = 0.010), lower TAWSS (2.6 vs. 6.34), lower OSI (0.0007 vs. 0.0010), and lower WSSG (2900 vs. 5306). Fusiform aneurysms had a higher 3D-CAWE and WT than saccular aneurysms (p = 0.046 and p = 0.003, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Areas of focal high AWE in the sac and blebs are associated with low wall tension, low wall shear stress, and low flow conditions (TAWSS and WSSG). Conversely, the neck had average AWE, high wall tension, high wall shear stress, and high flow conditions. The aneurysm dome and the aneurysm neck have different morphomechanical environments, with increased mechanical load at the neck.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Galloy
- Roy J Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Marco Nino
- Roy J Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - David Hasan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Suresh Raghavan
- Roy J Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Edgar A Samaniego
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA. .,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA. .,Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA. .,Current Institution, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA.
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10
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Sanchez S, Raghuram A, Fakih R, Wendt L, Bathla G, Hickerson M, Ortega-Gutierrez S, Leira E, Samaniego EA. 3D Enhancement Color Maps in the Characterization of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Plaques. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:1252-1258. [PMID: 35953278 PMCID: PMC9451620 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE High-resolution MR imaging allows the identification of culprit symptomatic plaques after the administration of gadolinium. Current high-resolution MR imaging methods are limited by 2D multiplanar views and manual sampling of ROIs. We analyzed a new 3D method to objectively quantify gadolinium plaque enhancement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with stroke due to intracranial atherosclerotic disease underwent 7T high-resolution MR imaging. 3D segmentations of the plaque and its parent vessel were generated. Signal intensity probes were automatically extended from the lumen into the plaque and the vessel wall to generate 3D enhancement color maps. Plaque gadolinium (Gd) uptake was quantified from 3D color maps as gadolinium uptake = (µPlaque T1 + Gd -µPlaque T1/SDPlaque T1). Additional metrics of enhancement such as enhancement ratio, variance, and plaque-versus-parent vessel enhancement were also calculated. Conventional 2D measures of enhancement were collected for comparison. RESULTS Thirty-six culprit and 44 nonculprit plaques from 36 patients were analyzed. Culprit plaques had higher gadolinium uptake than nonculprit plaques (P < .001). Gadolinium uptake was the most accurate metric for identifying culprit plaques (OR, 3.9; 95% CI 2.1-8.3). Gadolinium uptake was more sensitive (86% versus 70%) and specific (71% versus 68%) in identifying culprit plaques than conventional 2D measurements. A multivariate model, including gadolinium uptake and plaque burden, identified culprit plaques with an 83% sensitivity and 86% specificity. CONCLUSIONS The new 3D color map method of plaque-enhancement analysis is more accurate for identifying culprit plaques than conventional 2D methods. This new method generates a new set of metrics that could potentially be used to assess disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sanchez
- From the Department of Neurology (S.S., A.R., R.F., M.H., S.O.-G., E.L., E.A.S.)
| | - A Raghuram
- From the Department of Neurology (S.S., A.R., R.F., M.H., S.O.-G., E.L., E.A.S.)
| | - R Fakih
- From the Department of Neurology (S.S., A.R., R.F., M.H., S.O.-G., E.L., E.A.S.)
| | - L Wendt
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science (L.W.), University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - G Bathla
- Radiology (G.B., S.O.-G., E.A.S.)
| | - M Hickerson
- From the Department of Neurology (S.S., A.R., R.F., M.H., S.O.-G., E.L., E.A.S.)
| | - S Ortega-Gutierrez
- From the Department of Neurology (S.S., A.R., R.F., M.H., S.O.-G., E.L., E.A.S.)
- Radiology (G.B., S.O.-G., E.A.S.)
- Neurosurgery (S.O.-G., E.A.S.), University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - E Leira
- From the Department of Neurology (S.S., A.R., R.F., M.H., S.O.-G., E.L., E.A.S.)
| | - E A Samaniego
- From the Department of Neurology (S.S., A.R., R.F., M.H., S.O.-G., E.L., E.A.S.)
- Radiology (G.B., S.O.-G., E.A.S.)
- Neurosurgery (S.O.-G., E.A.S.), University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
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Peng F, Liu L, Niu H, Feng X, Zhang H, He X, Xia J, Xu B, Bai X, Li Z, Sui B, Liu A. Comparisons between cross-section and long-axis-section in the quantification of aneurysmal wall enhancement of fusiform intracranial aneurysms in identifying aneurysmal symptoms. Front Neurol 2022; 13:945526. [PMID: 35959406 PMCID: PMC9361002 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.945526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the quantification of aneurysmal wall enhancement (AWE) in fusiform intracranial aneurysms (FIAs) and to compare AWE parameters based on different sections of FIAs in identifying aneurysm symptoms. Methods Consecutive patients were prospectively recruited from February 2017 to November 2019. Aneurysm-related symptoms were defined as sentinel headache and oculomotor nerve palsy. All patients underwent high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) protocol, including both pre and post-contrast imaging. CRstalk (signal intensity of FIAs' wall divided by pituitary infundibulum) was evaluated both in the cross-section (CRstalk−cross) and the long-axis section (CRstalk−long) of FIAs. Aneurysm characteristics include the maximal diameter of the cross-section (Dmax), the maximal length of the long-axis section (Lmax), location, type, and mural thrombus. The performance of parameters for differentiating symptomatic and asymptomatic FIAs was obtained and compared by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Forty-three FIAs were found in 43 patients. Eighteen (41.9%) patients who presented with aneurysmal symptoms were classified in the symptomatic group. In univariate analysis, male sex (P = 0.133), age (P = 0.013), FIAs type (P = 0.167), mural thrombus (P = 0.130), Lmax (P = 0.066), CRstalk−cross (P = 0.027), and CRstalk−long (P = 0.055) tended to be associated with aneurysmal symptoms. In the cross-section model of multivariate analysis, male (P = 0.038), age (P = 0.018), and CRstalk−cross (P = 0.048) were independently associated with aneurysmal symptoms. In the long-axis section model of multivariate analysis, male (P = 0.040), age (P = 0.010), CRstalk−long (P = 0.046), and Lmax (P = 0.019) were independently associated with aneurysmal symptoms. In the combination model of multivariate analysis, male (P = 0.027), age (P = 0.011), CRstalk−cross (P = 0.030), and Lmax (P = 0.020) were independently associated with aneurysmal symptoms. CRstalk−cross has the highest accuracy in predicting aneurysmal symptoms (AUC = 0.701). The combination of CRstalk−cross and Lmax exhibited the highest performance in discriminating symptomatic from asymptomatic FIAs (AUC = 0.780). Conclusion Aneurysmal wall enhancement is associated with symptomatic FIAs. CRstalk−cross and Lmax were independent risk factors for aneurysmal symptoms. The combination of these two factors may improve the predictive performance of aneurysmal symptoms and may also help to stratify the instability of FIAs in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Peng
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Niu
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Operating Room, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Xiaoxin He
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxiang Xia
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Boya Xu
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Bai
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiye Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Binbin Sui
- Tiantan Neuroimaging Center of Excellence, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Binbin Sui
| | - Aihua Liu
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Aihua Liu
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Raghuram A, Varon A, Sanchez S, Ishii D, Wu C, Magnotta VA, Hasan DM, Koscik TR, Samaniego EA. Topographical Analysis of Aneurysm Wall Enhancement With 3-Dimensional Mapping. STROKE (HOBOKEN, N.J.) 2022; 2:e000309. [PMID: 36061513 PMCID: PMC9432773 DOI: 10.1161/svin.121.000309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aneurysm wall enhancement has been identified as a potential biomarker for aneurysm instability. Enhancement has been determined by different approaches on 2D multiplanar views. This study describes a new method to quantify enhancement through 3D heatmaps and histograms. METHODS A custom algorithm was developed using orthogonal probes extending from the aneurysm lumen into the wall to create 3D heatmaps and histograms of wall enhancement on 7T-MRI. Three quantitative metrics for general, specific, and focal wall enhancement were generated from the histograms. RESULTS Thirty-two aneurysms were analyzed and classified based on 3D heatmaps and histograms. Larger aneurysms were more enhancing (Spearman's r=0.472, p=0.006), and had more heterogeneous enhancement (Spearman's r=0.557, p<0.001) than smaller aneurysms. Patterns of enhancement differed between saccular, fusiform, and thrombosed aneurysms. Fusiform aneurysms were larger (p=0.015) and had more heterogenous enhancement compared to saccular aneurysms. Fusiform aneurysms had more areas of focal enhancement (p<0.001) and right skewed histograms (p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS The 3D analysis of aneurysm wall enhancement provides topographic data of the entire aneurysm wall. New metrics developed based on this method showed that large and fusiform aneurysms have heterogenous enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashrita Raghuram
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Alberto Varon
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Sebastian Sanchez
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Daizo Ishii
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Chaorong Wu
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Vincent A Magnotta
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - David M Hasan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Timothy R Koscik
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Edgar A Samaniego
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
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Fu M, Peng F, Zhang M, Chen S, Niu H, He X, Xu B, Liu A, Li R. Aneurysmal wall enhancement and hemodynamics: pixel-level correlation between spatial distribution. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2022; 12:3692-3704. [PMID: 35782262 PMCID: PMC9246729 DOI: 10.21037/qims-21-1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation and hemodynamics are interrelated risk factors for intracranial aneurysm rupture. This study aimed to identify the relationship between these risk factors from an individual-patient perspective using biomarkers of aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE) derived from high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) and hemodynamic parameters by four-dimensional flow MRI (4D-flow MRI). METHODS A total of 29 patients with 29 unruptured intracranial aneurysms larger than 4 mm were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. A total of 24 aneurysms had AWE and 5 did not have AWE. A three-dimensional (3D) vessel model of each individual aneurysm was generated with 3D time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (3D TOF-MRA). Quantification of AWE was sampled with HR-MRI. Time-averaged wall shear stress (WSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI) were calculated from the 4D-flow MRI. The correlation between spatial distribution of AWE and hemodynamic parameters measured at pixel-level was evaluated for each aneurysm. RESULTS In aneurysms with AWE, the spatial distribution of WSS was negatively correlated with AWE in 100% (24/24) of aneurysms, though 2 had an absolute value of the correlation coefficient <0.1. The OSI was positively correlated with AWE in 91.7% (22/24) of aneurysms; the other 2 aneurysms showed a negative correlation with AWE. In aneurysms with no AWE, there was no correlation between WSS (100%, 5/5), OSI (80%, 4/5), and wall inflammation. CONCLUSIONS The spatial distribution of WSS was negatively correlated with AWE in aneurysms with AWE, and OSI was positively correlated with AWE in most aneurysms with AWE. While aneurysms that did not contain AWE showed no correlation between hemodynamics and wall inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Fu
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Miaoqi Zhang
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Niu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin He
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Boya Xu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Aihua Liu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Li
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Marazzi TBM, Mendes PV. Updates on aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: is there anything really new? ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2022; 80:80-87. [PMID: 35976291 PMCID: PMC9491434 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2022-s101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a severe disease, with systemic involvement and complex diagnosis and treatment. Since the current guidelines were published by the AHA/ASA, Neurocritical Care Society and the European Stroke Organization in 2012-2013,there has been an evolution in the comprehension of SAH-associated brain injury and its multiple underlying mechanisms. As a result, several clinical and translational trials were developed or are underway. Objective: The aim of this article is to review some updates in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological complications of SAH. Methods: A review of PubMed (May, 2010 to February, 2022) was performed. Data was summarized. Results: Content of five meta-analyses, nine review articles and 23 new clinical trials, including pilots, were summarized. Conclusions:Advances in the comprehension of pathophysiology and improvements in critical care have been reflected in the reduction of mortality in SAH. However, despite the number of publications, the only treatments shown to be effective in adequate, well-controlled clinical trials are nimodipine and repair of the ruptured aneurysm. Thus, doubts about the optimal management of SAH still persist.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Vitale Mendes
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Emergências Clínicas, São Paulo SP, Brazil
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