1
|
Ibabe A, Gómez M, Steffensen GO, Kanne T, Nygård J, Yeyati AL, Lee EJH. Joule spectroscopy of hybrid superconductor-semiconductor nanodevices. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2873. [PMID: 37208316 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38533-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybrid superconductor-semiconductor devices offer highly tunable platforms, potentially suitable for quantum technology applications, that have been intensively studied in the past decade. Here we establish that measurements of the superconductor-to-normal transition originating from Joule heating provide a powerful spectroscopical tool to characterize such hybrid devices. Concretely, we apply this technique to junctions in full-shell Al-InAs nanowires in the Little-Parks regime and obtain detailed information of each lead independently and in a single measurement, including differences in the superconducting coherence lengths of the leads, inhomogeneous covering of the epitaxial shell, and the inverse superconducting proximity effect; all-in-all constituting a unique fingerprint of each device with applications in the interpretation of low-bias data, the optimization of device geometries, and the uncovering of disorder in these systems. Besides the practical uses, our work also underscores the importance of heating in hybrid devices, an effect that is often overlooked.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Ibabe
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Gómez
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - G O Steffensen
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - T Kanne
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Nygård
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Levy Yeyati
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - E J H Lee
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vekris A, Estrada Saldaña JC, Kanne T, Hvid-Olsen T, Marnauza M, Olsteins D, Wauters MM, Burrello M, Nygård J, Grove-Rasmussen K. Electronic Transport in Double-Nanowire Superconducting Islands with Multiple Terminals. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:5765-5772. [PMID: 35833741 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We characterize in situ grown parallel nanowires bridged by a superconducting island. The magnetic-field and temperature dependence of Coulomb blockade peaks measured across different pairs of nanowire ends suggest the presence of a subgap state extended over the hybrid parallel-nanowire island. Being gate-tunable, accessible by multiple terminals, and free of quasiparticle poisoning, these nanowires show promise for the implementation of several proposals that rely on parallel nanowire platforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Vekris
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC) SDC Building, Yanqihu Campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, Huairou District, 101408 Beijing, China
| | | | - Thomas Kanne
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thor Hvid-Olsen
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikelis Marnauza
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dags Olsteins
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matteo M Wauters
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Niels Bohr International Academy, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michele Burrello
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Niels Bohr International Academy, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Nygård
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper Grove-Rasmussen
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kürtössy O, Scherübl Z, Fülöp G, Lukács IE, Kanne T, Nygård J, Makk P, Csonka S. Andreev Molecule in Parallel InAs Nanowires. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:7929-7937. [PMID: 34538054 PMCID: PMC8517978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Coupling individual atoms fundamentally changes the state of matter: electrons bound to atomic cores become delocalized turning an insulating state to a metallic one. A chain of atoms could lead to more exotic states if the tunneling takes place via the superconducting vacuum and can induce topologically protected excitations like Majorana or parafermions. Although coupling a single atom to a superconductor is well studied, the hybridization of two sites with individual tunability was not reported yet. The peculiar vacuum of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) condensate opens the way to annihilate or generate two electrons from the bulk resulting in a so-called Andreev molecular state. By employing parallel nanowires with an Al shell, two artificial atoms were created at a minimal distance with an epitaxial superconducting link between. Hybridization via the BCS vacuum was observed and the spectrum of an Andreev molecule as a function of level positions was explored for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivér Kürtössy
- Department
of Physics and Nanoelectronics “Momentum” Research Group
of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest
University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Scherübl
- Department
of Physics and Nanoelectronics “Momentum” Research Group
of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest
University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
- University
of Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Grenoble INP, IRIG, PHELIQS, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Gergö Fülöp
- Department
of Physics and Nanoelectronics “Momentum” Research Group
of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest
University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Endre Lukács
- Center
for Energy Research, Institute of Technical
Physics and Material Science, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, H-1121, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Thomas Kanne
- Center
for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Nygård
- Center
for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Péter Makk
- Department
of Physics and Nanoelectronics “Momentum” Research Group
of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest
University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Csonka
- Department
of Physics and Nanoelectronics “Momentum” Research Group
of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest
University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|