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Niazi NUK, Huang C, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Song C. Comparison between sub-chronic and chronic sleep deprivation-induced behavioral and neuroimmunological abnormalities in mice: Focusing on glial cell phenotype polarization. Behav Brain Res 2024; 470:115067. [PMID: 38795845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disorders, depression, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are extensively reported as comorbidity. Although neuroinflammation triggered by microglial phenotype M1 activation, leading to neurotransmitter dysfunction and Aβ aggregation, is considered as the leading cause of depression and AD, whether and how sub-chronic or chronic sleep deprivation (SD) contribute to the onset and development of these diseases remains unclear. METHODS Memory and depression-like behaviors were evaluated in both SDs, and then circadian markers, glial cell phenotype polarization, cytokines, depression-related neurotransmitters, and AD-related gene/protein expressions were measured by qRT-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, high-performance liquid chromatography, and western-blotting respectively. RESULTS Both SDs induced give-up behavior and anhedonia and increased circadian marker period circadian regulator 2 (PER2) expression, which were much worse in chronic than in the sub-chronic SD group, while brain and muscle ARNT-like protein-1 only decreased in the chronic-SD. Furthermore, increased microglial M1 and astrocyte A1 expression and proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α was observed in both SDs, which were more significant in chronic SD. Similarly, decreased norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine/5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid ratio were more significant, which corresponds to the worse depression-like behavior in chronic than sub-chronic-SD. With regard to AD, increased amyloid precursor protein (APP) and soluble (s)-APPβ and decreased sAPPα in both SDs were more significant in the chronic. However, sAPPα/sAPPβ ratio was only decreased in chronic SD. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that both SDs induce depression-like changes by increasing PER2, leading to neuroinflammation and neurotransmitter dysfunction. However, only chronic SD induced memory impairment likely due to severer circadian disruption, higher neuroinflammation, and dysregulation of APP metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasar Ullah Khan Niazi
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chengyi Huang
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhiyou Yang
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yongping Zhang
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Cai Song
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Dongguan Seventh People's Hospital (Dongguan Mental Health Center), Dongguan, China.
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Huang C, Peng J, Lee PMY, Wang C, Wei K, Liang M, Qin G, Yu Y, Li J. Sibling Death in Childhood and Early Adulthood and Risk of Early-Onset Cardiovascular Disease. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2350814. [PMID: 38190182 PMCID: PMC10774991 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Sibling death is a highly traumatic event, but empirical evidence on the association of sibling death in childhood and early adulthood with subsequent risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains limited. Objective To evaluate the association between sibling death in the early decades of life and subsequent risk of incident early-onset CVD. Design, Setting, and Participants This population-based cohort study included 2 098 659 individuals born in Denmark from 1978 to 2018. Follow-up started at age 1 year or the date of the first sibling's birth, whichever occurred later, and it ended at the first diagnosis of CVD, the date of death, emigration, or December 31, 2018, whichever came first. Data analyses were conducted from November 1, 2021, through January 10, 2022. Exposures The death of a sibling. Main Outcomes and Measures The outcome was early-onset CVD. Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs. Results This study included 2 098 659 individuals (1 076 669 [51.30%] male; median [IQR] age at death of sibling, 11.48 [4.68-21.32] years). During the median (IQR) follow-up of 17.52 (8.85-26.05) years, 1286 and 76 862 individuals in the bereaved and nonbereaved groups, respectively, were diagnosed with CVD. Sibling death in childhood and early adulthood was associated with a 17% increased risk of overall CVD (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.10-1.23; cumulative incidence in bereaved individuals, 1.96% [1.61%-2.34%]; cumulative incidence in nonbereaved individuals at age 41 years, 1.35% [1.34%-1.37%]; cumulative incidence difference: 0.61% [95% CI, 0.24%-0.98%]). Increased risks were also observed for most type-specific CVDs, in particular for myocardial infarction (HR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.12-2.46), ischemic heart disease (HR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.22-1.90), and heart failure (HR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.00-2.26). The association was observed whether the sibling died due to CVD (HR, 2.54; 95% CI, 2.04-3.17) or non-CVD (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.06-1.19) causes. The increased risk of CVD was more pronounced for individuals who lost a twin or younger sibling (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.15-1.36) than an elder sibling (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.03-1.20). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of the Danish population, sibling death in childhood and early adulthood was associated with increased risks of overall and most type-specific early-onset CVDs, with the strength of associations varying by cause of death and age difference between sibling pairs. The findings highlight the need for extra attention and support to the bereaved siblings to reduce CVD risk later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahuan Peng
- Department of Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Priscilla Ming Yi Lee
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ce Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kecheng Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minhong Liang
- Shanghai Hongkou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoyou Qin
- Department of Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongfu Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiong Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Shawky HA, Abdel Hafez SMN, Hasan NAK, Elbassuoni E, Abdelbaky FAF, AboBakr AHS. Changes in Rat Adrenal Cortex and Pineal Gland in Inverted Light-Dark Cycle: A Biochemical, Histological, and Immunohistochemical Study. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2023; 29:2037-2052. [PMID: 37738357 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Poor sleep standards are common in everyday life; it is frequently linked to a rise in stress levels. The adrenal gland interacts physiologically with the pineal gland in the stress response. Pineal gland is a small endocrine organ that modulates sleep patterns. This work aimed to evaluate the inverted light-dark cycle rhythm on the histological changes within the adrenal cortex and pineal gland in adult male albino rats. Twenty adult male albino rats were equally divided into two groups: For the first control group, animals were kept on daylight-darkness for 12-12 h. The second group was kept under an inverted 12- to 12-h light-darkness cycle for 4 weeks. Adrenal sections were subjected to biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical study. Inverted light-dark cycle group recorded a significant elevation of plasma corticosterone, tissue malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) associated with a significant reduction of catalase and superoxide dismutase. Adrenal cortex showed biochemical and histological changes. Pineal glands also showed loss of lobular architecture. A significant upregulation in activated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and B-cell lymphoma-associated X (Bax) immunohistochemical expression was recorded in adrenal cortex associating with downregulation in B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). It could be concluded that subchronic inverted light-dark cycle exerted direct effects on adrenal cortex and the pineal glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A Shawky
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia Governorate, Minia City, Cairo-Aswan Agricultural Road, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Sara Mohamed Naguib Abdel Hafez
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia Governorate, Minia City, Cairo-Aswan Agricultural Road, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Nabil Abdel Kader Hasan
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia Governorate, Minia City, Cairo-Aswan Agricultural Road, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Eman Elbassuoni
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia Governorate, Minia City, Cairo-Aswan Agricultural Road, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Fatma Alzhraa Fouad Abdelbaky
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia Governorate, Minia City, Cairo-Aswan Agricultural Road, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Abdel Hamid Sayed AboBakr
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia Governorate, Minia City, Cairo-Aswan Agricultural Road, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
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Deng L, Wang Q, Lou Y. Maternal nicotine intoxication before pregnancy induces depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors as well as cognitive deficits in male offspring and correlates with neurobiological changes. Brain Behav 2023:e3052. [PMID: 37161637 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maternal nicotine use has been suggested to affect the behavior of children and is linked to changes in neurological systems; however, the specific mechanism is yet to be understood. METHODS Mice were used to establish a maternal nicotine intoxication model. At postnatal day 60 (adolescent stage), male offspring were tested for behavioral tasks including sucrose preference, open field, elevated plus maze, light/dark box, object recognition, Morris water maze (MWM), and forced swimming. Enzyme-linked immunoassays were used to measure plasma concentrations of neurotransmitters including norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, and corticosterone. Serotonin transporter (Sert), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf), cAMP response element binding protein (Creb), and phosphorylated (p)Creb mRNA levels were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Male offspring of nicotine-intoxicated dams had significantly reduced sucrose preference, mobility time in the forced swimming test, and locomotor and exploratory activities. Offspring in the maternal nicotine intoxication group showed increased signs of depressive- and anxiety-like behavior. Recognition memory in the MWM was compromised in these animals. The hippocampal and prefrontal cortical regions showed significant changes in Bdnf, pCreb, and Sert gene expression, whereas CREB mRNA levels were unaffected. Moreover, compared to the controls, neurogenesis and neuronal viability were also reduced in these animals. CONCLUSION Prenatal nicotine exposure might affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and reduce neurogenesis, potentially leading to depressive-like behaviors and cognitive deficiencies in male offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglong Deng
- Department of Nursing, Nanjing Vocational Health College, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Mochou Vocational School, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Lou
- Department of Nursing, Nanjing Vocational Health College, Nanjing, China
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Liu C, Qin Q, Xu J, Li X, Cong H. Phthalate promotes atherosclerosis through interacting with long-non coding RNA and induces macrophage foam cell formation and vascular smooth muscle damage. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136383. [PMID: 36088979 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates are commonly used in variety of plastic products. Previously it has been revealed that di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), as the most common member of the class of phthalates, may disturb cholesterol homeostasis and deregulate the inflammatory response, and leading to accelerate the atherosclerosis process. In this regard, the aim of the current study is to explore the underlying mechanism of DEHP-induced atherosclerosis through the increasing of foam cell formation and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (VSMCs) damage via the interaction of long-non coding RNA (GAS5) and miR-145-5p. METHODS ApoE-/- mice were used to evaluate the in vivo study. RAW264.7 and VSMCs were used to evaluate the effect of DEHP on formation of foam cell, cell proliferation, and cell damage in vitro. Animals were treated with DEHP (5% w/w of food) orally and cells were treated with medium containing of 100 μM DEHP; qRT-PCR, Western blotting, flowcytometry, IHC, oil red O, BODIPY, and autophagic vacuoles assay were used to evaluate the effect of DEHP on formation of atherosclerosis. RESULTS DEHP significantly accelerated the formation of atherosclerosis in mice and alter the lipid profile in mice. In addition, after treating VSMCs with DEHP, GAS5 was significantly up-regulated and miR-145-5p was down-regulated. In VSMCs treated with DEHP, we observed that GAS5 could be used as the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-145-5p to regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs; and the expression of GAS5 was correlated with the expression of miR-145-5p. DEHP increased the ox-LDL uptake by macrophage and increasing the formation of foam cells. Besides, GAS5 knocking down reversed the effect of DEHP on foam cell formation and ox-LDL uptake. CONCLUSION DEHP could accelerate the atherosclerosis process through increasing VSMCs damage and formation of macrophage foam cell by increasing lipid uptake though down regulating lncRNA GAS5 and altering in regulation of miR-145-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300222, China.
| | - Qin Qin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300222, China.
| | - Jinghan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300222, China.
| | - Ximing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300222, China.
| | - Hongliang Cong
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300222, China.
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Recent Progress of Chronic Stress in the Development of Atherosclerosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4121173. [PMID: 35300174 PMCID: PMC8923806 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4121173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With the development of the times, cardiovascular diseases have become the biggest cause of death in the global aging society, causing a serious social burden. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease, which can occur in large and medium-sized blood vessels in the whole body. It takes atherosclerotic plaque as the typical pathological change and endothelial injury as the core pathophysiological mechanism. It is the pathological basis of coronary heart disease, peripheral artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, and other diseases. Recent studies have shown that chronic stress plays an important role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis, endothelial injury, lipid metabolism, and chronic inflammation. This process involves a large number of molecular targets. It is usually the cause of atherosclerotic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. If chronic stress factors exist for a long time, patients have genetic susceptibility, and the combination of environmental factors triggers the pathogenesis, which may eventually lead to complete blockage of the blood vessels, unstable rupture of plaques, and serious adverse cardiovascular events. This paper reviews the role of chronic stress in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis, focusing on the pathophysiological mechanism.
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Butnariu M, Batiha GES. The crucial role of prolactin-lactogenic hormone in Covid-19. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1381-1392. [PMID: 35147901 PMCID: PMC8831165 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04381-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Prolactin (PRL) is a peptide hormone secreted from anterior pituitary involved in milk production in the females and regulation of sex drive in both sexes. PRL has pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions. High PRL serum level or hyperprolactinemia is associated with different viral infections. In coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), which caused by positive-sense single-strand RNA virus known as severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), PRL serum level is increased. PRL in Covid-19 may exacerbate the underlying inflammatory status by induction release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, PRL through its anti-inflammatory effects may reduce the hyperinflammatory status in Covid-19. The underlying mechanism of increasing PRL in Covid-19 is poorly understood. Therefore, in this review we try to find the potential anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory role of PRL in Covid-19. As well, this review was aimed to discuss the underlying causes and mechanisms for Covid-19-induced hyperprolactinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Chemistry & Biochemistry Discipline, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" From Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645, Timis, Romania.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira, 22511, Egypt.
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