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Deshmukh AP, Zheng W, Chuang C, Bailey AD, Williams JA, Sletten EM, Egelman EH, Caram JR. Near-atomic-resolution structure of J-aggregated helical light-harvesting nanotubes. Nat Chem 2024; 16:800-808. [PMID: 38316987 PMCID: PMC11088501 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01432-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Cryo-electron microscopy has delivered a resolution revolution for biological self-assemblies, yet only a handful of structures have been solved for synthetic supramolecular materials. Particularly for chromophore supramolecular aggregates, high-resolution structures are necessary for understanding and modulating the long-range excitonic coupling. Here, we present a 3.3 Å structure of prototypical biomimetic light-harvesting nanotubes derived from an amphiphilic cyanine dye (C8S3-Cl). Helical 3D reconstruction directly visualizes the chromophore packing that controls the excitonic properties. Our structure clearly shows a brick layer arrangement, revising the previously hypothesized herringbone arrangement. Furthermore, we identify a new non-biological supramolecular motif-interlocking sulfonates-that may be responsible for the slip-stacked packing and J-aggregate nature of the light-harvesting nanotubes. This work shows how independently obtained native-state structures complement photophysical measurements and will enable accurate understanding of (excitonic) structure-function properties, informing materials design for light-harvesting chromophore aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arundhati P Deshmukh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Weili Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Chern Chuang
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Austin D Bailey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jillian A Williams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ellen M Sletten
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Edward H Egelman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Justin R Caram
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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2
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Kelestemur S, Maity P, Visaveliya NR, Halpern D, Parveen S, Khatoon F, Khalil A, Greenberg M, Jiang Q, Ng K, Eisele DM. Solution-based Supramolecular Hierarchical Assembly of Frenkel Excitonic Nanotubes Driven by Gold Nanoparticle Formation and Temperature. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:329-339. [PMID: 38157497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c05681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Translating nature's successful design principle of solution-based supramolecular self-assembling to broad applications─ranging from renewable energy and information technology to nanomedicine─requires a fundamental understanding of supramolecular hierarchical assembly. Though the forces behind self-assembly (e.g., hydrophobicity) are known, the specific mechanism by which monomers form the hierarchical assembly still remains an open question. A crucial step toward formulating a complete mechanism is understanding not only how the monomer's specific molecular structure but also how manifold environmental conditions impact the self-assembling process. Here, we elucidate the complex correlation between the environmental self-assembling conditions and the resulting structural properties by utilizing a well-characterized model system: well-defined supramolecular Frenkel excitonic nanotubes (NTs), self-assembled from cyanine dye molecules in aqueous solution, which further self-assemble into bundled nanotubes (b-NTs). The NTs and b-NTs inhabit distinct spectroscopic signatures, which allows the use of steady-state absorption spectroscopy to monitor the transition from NTs to b-NTs directly. Specifically, we investigate the impact of temperature (ranging from 23 °C, 55 °C, 70 °C, 85 °C, up to 100 °C) during in situ formation of gold nanoparticles to determine their role in the formation of b-NTs. The considered time regime for the self-assembling process ranges from 1 min to 8 days. With our work, we contribute to a basic understanding of how environmental conditions impact solution-based hierarchical supramolecular self-assembly in both the thermodynamic and the kinetic regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Kelestemur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
- Biotechnology Department, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, 34668, Turkey
| | - Piyali Maity
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Nikunjkumar R Visaveliya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Damien Halpern
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Sadiyah Parveen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Firdaus Khatoon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Ali Khalil
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Matthew Greenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Qingrui Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Kara Ng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
- PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10016, United States
| | - Dorthe M Eisele
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
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3
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Manrho M, Krishnaswamy SR, Kriete B, Patmanidis I, de Vries AH, Marrink SJ, Jansen TLC, Knoester J, Pshenichnikov MS. Watching Molecular Nanotubes Self-Assemble in Real Time. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22494-22503. [PMID: 37800477 PMCID: PMC10591479 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular self-assembly is a fundamental process in nature that can be used to develop novel functional materials for medical and engineering applications. However, their complex mechanisms make the short-lived stages of self-assembly processes extremely hard to reveal. In this article, we track the self-assembly process of a benchmark system, double-walled molecular nanotubes, whose structure is similar to that found in biological and synthetic systems. We selectively dissolved the outer wall of the double-walled system and used the inner wall as a template for the self-reassembly of the outer wall. The reassembly kinetics were followed in real time using a combination of microfluidics, spectroscopy, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, molecular dynamics simulations, and exciton modeling. We found that the outer wall self-assembles through a transient disordered patchwork structure: first, several patches of different orientations are formed, and only on a longer time scale will the patches interact with each other and assume their final preferred global orientation. The understanding of patch formation and patch reorientation marks a crucial step toward steering self-assembly processes and subsequent material engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marìck Manrho
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sundar Raj Krishnaswamy
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Björn Kriete
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ilias Patmanidis
- Groningen
Biomolecular Sciences and Biothechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747
AG Groningen, The
Netherlands
- Department
of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Alex H. de Vries
- Groningen
Biomolecular Sciences and Biothechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747
AG Groningen, The
Netherlands
| | - Siewert J. Marrink
- Groningen
Biomolecular Sciences and Biothechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747
AG Groningen, The
Netherlands
| | - Thomas L. C. Jansen
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper Knoester
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Faculty
of Science, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maxim S. Pshenichnikov
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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Bailey AD, Deshmukh AP, Bradbury NC, Pengshung M, Atallah TL, Williams JA, Barotov U, Neuhauser D, Sletten EM, Caram JR. Exploring the design of superradiant J-aggregates from amphiphilic monomer units. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:3841-3849. [PMID: 36734651 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05747f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Excitonic chromophore aggregates have wide-ranging applicability in fields such as imaging and energy harvesting; however their rational design requires adapting principles of self-assembly to the requirements of excited state coupling. Using the well-studied amphiphilic cyanine dye C8S3 as a template-known to assemble into tubular excitonic aggregates-we synthesize several redshifted variants and study their self-assembly and photophysics. The new pentamethine dyes retain their tubular self-assembly and demonstrate nearly identical bathochromic shifts and lineshapes well into near-infrared wavelengths. However, detailed photophysical analysis finds that the new aggregates show a significant decline in superradiance. Additionally, cryo-TEM reveals that these aggregates readily form short bundles of nanotubes that have nearly half the radii of their trimethine comparators. We employ computational screening to gain intuition on how the structural components of these new aggregates affect their excitonic states, finding that the narrower tubes are able to assemble into a larger number of arrangements, resulting in more disordered aggregates (i.e. less superradiant) with highly similar degrees of redshift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin D Bailey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
| | - Arundhati P Deshmukh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
| | - Nadine C Bradbury
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
| | - Monica Pengshung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
| | - Timothy L Atallah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Denison University, Granville, OH, 43023, USA
| | - Jillian A Williams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
| | - Ulugbek Barotov
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Daniel Neuhauser
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
| | - Ellen M Sletten
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
| | - Justin R Caram
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
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