1
|
Karlsen HR, Langvik E. Sex-specific psychological risk profiles of CVD in the HUNT study: the role of neuroticism and extraversion. Psychol Health 2024; 39:1352-1370. [PMID: 36404707 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2146113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate psychological risk profiles of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Depression and anxiety have been linked to CVD, but research has not incorporated personality and sex-specific analyses are warranted. In this study, we examine the role of sex, neuroticism, extraversion, anxiety and depression on the risk of CVD. METHOD Using data from the HUNT-study and the mortality register, 32,383 (57.10% men) participants were followed for an average of 10.48 years. During this time, 142 died of myocardial infarction (MI) and 111 of stroke. RESULTS Cox regression showed that depression (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = [1.00, 1.14]) and neuroticism (1.23 [1.08, 1.40]) were significantly related to an increased risk of MI. One standard unit increase in depression and neuroticism was associated with 1.22 [CI 1.01, 1.47] increase and 1.43 [CI 1.14, 0.78] increase in the risk of MI respectively. For stroke, there was no significant effect of anxiety, depression or personality. However, we found a significant interaction effect between sex and extraversion where higher extraversion was associated with greater risk of stroke for women only. CONCLUSIONS Both neuroticism and depression were related to MI. We observed an interaction between extraversion and sex with stroke, but the effect size was small. The role of extroversion as a risk factor for CVD remains inconclusive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Håvard R Karlsen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eva Langvik
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Park CS, Choi J, Kwak S, Lee SP, Kim HK, Kim YJ, Kwak SH, Park JB. Association between personality, lifestyle behaviors, and cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a population-based cohort study of UK Biobank data. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2024; 12:e004244. [PMID: 39256051 PMCID: PMC11409273 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2024-004244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Various strategies aim to better assess risks and refine prevention for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), who vary in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, the prognostic value of personality and its association with lifestyle factors remain elusive. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We identified 8794 patients with T2DM from the UK Biobank database between 2006 and 2010 and followed them up until the end of 2021. We assessed personality traits using the Big Five proxies derived from UK Biobank data: sociability, warmth, diligence, curiosity, and nervousness. Healthy lifestyle behaviors were determined from information about obesity, smoking status, and physical activity. The primary outcome was a composite of incident CVD, including myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic stroke (IS), atrial fibrillation (AF), and heart failure (HF). RESULTS During a median follow-up of 13.6 years, a total of 2110 patients experienced CVDs. Among personality traits, diligence was significantly associated with a reduced risk of primary and secondary outcomes. The adjusted HRs with 95% CIs were: composite CVD, 0.93 (0.89-0.97); MI 0.90 (0.82-1.00); IS 0.83 (0.74-0.94); AF 0.92 (0.85-0.98); HF 0.84 (0.76-0.91). Healthy lifestyle behaviors significantly reduced the risk of composite CVDs in groups with high and low diligence. The findings of a structural equation model showed that diligence directly affected the risk of the primary outcome or indirectly by modifying lifestyle behaviors. CONCLUSION This study revealed which personality traits can influence CVD risk during T2DM and how patients might benefit from adopting healthy lifestyle behaviors in relation to personality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chan Soon Park
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Choi
- Division of Data Science Research, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soongu Kwak
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Pyo Lee
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Kim
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jin Kim
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Heon Kwak
- Division of Data Science Research, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Bean Park
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
van Drie E, Taal SEL, Schmidt AF, Verstraelen TE, de Brouwer R, Schoormans D, Mommersteeg PMC, de Boer RA, Wilde AAM, Asselbergs FW, Baas AF, van Tintelen JP, van den Heuvel LM. Influence of stressful life events and personality traits on PLN cardiomyopathy severity: an exploratory study. Europace 2023; 26:euad368. [PMID: 38206619 PMCID: PMC10783237 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euad368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E van Drie
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Moreelsepark 1, 3511 EP Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S E L Taal
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A F Schmidt
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
- UCL British Heart Foundation Research Accelerator Centre, London, UK
| | - T E Verstraelen
- Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R de Brouwer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - D Schoormans
- Department of Clinical and Medical Psychology and Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CoRPS), Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - P M C Mommersteeg
- Department of Clinical and Medical Psychology and Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CoRPS), Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - R A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A A M Wilde
- Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F W Asselbergs
- Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Health Data Research UK and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - A F Baas
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J P van Tintelen
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - L M van den Heuvel
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Moreelsepark 1, 3511 EP Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Marcolini S, Frentz I, Terracciano A, De Deyn PP. Association of personality facets and cognition in the Lifelines population-based cohort study. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 168:30-37. [PMID: 37875035 PMCID: PMC10956640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personality traits have been associated with cognitive functioning and risk of cognitive decline. Fewer studies have investigated how personality facets are associated with cognition in large cohorts with a prospective design. METHODS The association between eight personality facets and cognition (speed measures reflecting psychomotor speed and visual attention; hit rate measures reflecting visual learning and working memory) was analyzed in middle-aged adults from the Lifelines cohort (N = 79911; age 43 ± 11 years). RESULTS High hostility, high vulnerability, low excitement seeking, and low competence were associated with worse cognitive performance on all tasks. Impulsivity-related facets had weak and differential associations, with self-discipline negatively associated with accuracy and deliberation negatively associated with speed. These associations remained largely unchanged when accounting for lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity). The associations with cognition were stronger in older people for impulsiveness, deliberation, and hostility, while stronger in younger people for excitement seeking, self-discipline, and vulnerability. CONCLUSION In a large population-based sample with a broad age range, the associations of personality facets with cognitive functioning had small effect sizes, were independent of lifestyle factors, and varied with age and among facets within the same personality domain. These findings highlight the importance of developmental stages and facet-level research in personality-cognition associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Marcolini
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Ingeborg Frentz
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Antonio Terracciano
- Department of Geriatrics, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Peter Paul De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Experimental Neurobiology Unit, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vergaro G, Gentile F, Modena M, Emdin M. Understanding family history of heart disease: a (good) patient interview vs. genetics. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:1569-1570. [PMID: 37178350 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Vergaro
- Health Science Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà, 33, 56127 Pisa PI, Italy
- Cardiothoracic Department, Fondazione Toscana "Gabriele Monasterio", Via Giuseppe Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa PI, Italy
| | - Francesco Gentile
- Health Science Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà, 33, 56127 Pisa PI, Italy
- Cardiothoracic Department, Fondazione Toscana "Gabriele Monasterio", Via Giuseppe Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa PI, Italy
| | - Martina Modena
- Health Science Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà, 33, 56127 Pisa PI, Italy
| | - Michele Emdin
- Health Science Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà, 33, 56127 Pisa PI, Italy
- Cardiothoracic Department, Fondazione Toscana "Gabriele Monasterio", Via Giuseppe Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa PI, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
O'Riordan A, Young DA, Ginty AT. Physiological reactivity and habituation to acute psychological stress: The influence of trait extraversion. Biol Psychol 2023; 181:108599. [PMID: 37286097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Adaptive physiological responses to stress have been suggested as a potential mechanism facilitating the association between extraversion and positive health outcomes. The present study examined the influence of extraversion on physiological reactivity and habituation to a standardized psychological stress task presented as two separate laboratory sessions approximately 48 days apart. METHODS The present study utilized data from the Pittsburgh Cold Study 3. Participants in the study (N = 213, mean age = 30.13, SD = 10.85 years; female = 42.3 %) completed a standardized stress testing protocol twice, at two separate laboratory sessions. The stress protocol consisted of a speech preparation period (5-minutes), a public specking task (5-minutes), and a mental arithmetic task with observation (5-minutes). Trait extraversion was assessed using 10-items from the international personality item pool (IPIP). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and salivary cortisol (SC) were assessed throughout a baseline phase and the stress task phase. RESULTS Extraversion was statistically significantly associated with larger DBP and HR reactivity in response to the initial stress exposure, as well as greater habituation of DBP, MAP and HR on repeated stress exposure. No statistically significant associations emerged between extraversion and SBP responses, SC responses or self-reported state affective responses. CONCLUSION Extraversion is associated with greater cardiovascular reactivity, as well as pronounced cardiovascular habituation to acute social stress. These findings may indicate an adaptive response pattern amongst highly extraverted individuals and a potential mechanism leading to positive health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam O'Riordan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States.
| | - Danielle A Young
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Annie T Ginty
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim S, Halvorsen C, Han SH. Volunteering and Changes in Cardiovascular Biomarkers: Longitudinal Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study. Innov Aging 2023; 7:igad048. [PMID: 37457805 PMCID: PMC10340447 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igad048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Growing body of research shows that volunteering is beneficial for those served, the volunteers, and the larger communities. However, major challenges remain that hinder the practical implications for volunteer activity as a public health intervention, including potential selection effects, lack of longitudinal studies that adjust for baseline characteristics, and a paucity of studies that consider multiple physical health outcomes in a single model. Research Design and Methods Data from 2006 to 2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (2006-2016) were used (N = 18,847). Outcome-wide analyses were utilized to evaluate if changes in volunteering between 2006/2008 (t0) and 2010/2012 (t1) were associated with 7 cardiovascular disease biomarkers 4 years later (2014/2016, t2). These models were adjusted for demographic factors, socioeconomic status, health behaviors, chronic conditions, baseline biomarkers, and volunteering. Additionally, selection into volunteering and attrition were taken into account. Results Compared with nonvolunteers, volunteering more than 200 hr a year was associated with a lower risk for clinically high diastolic blood pressure. In addition, increased volunteering effort (change from 1 to 99 hr at t0 to >100 hr at t1) was associated with a lower likelihood of clinically high systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels. Sustained high volunteering (>100 hr at both t0 and t1) was associated with lower diastolic blood pressure. Discussion and Implications The current study adds to the evidence on the health benefits of volunteering for adults 50 and older by inferring a potential causal link between high-intensity volunteering and reduced blood pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seoyoun Kim
- Department of Sociology, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Cal Halvorsen
- School of Social Work, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sae Hwang Han
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
O'Riordan A, Young DA, Tyra AT, Ginty AT. Extraversion is associated with lower cardiovascular reactivity to acute psychological stress. Int J Psychophysiol 2023; 189:20-29. [PMID: 37146652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Extraversion has been associated with positive physical health outcomes, with adaptive cardiovascular responses to stress being one potential physiological mechanism. The present study examined the influence of extraversion on both cardiovascular reactivity and cardiovascular habituation to an acute psychological stress task (Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT)) in a sample of healthy undergraduate students. METHODS A sample of 467 undergraduate students completed the Big Five Inventory (BFI) to assess trait extraversion and attended a single stress testing session. The testing session included two identical stress-testing protocols, each consisting of a 10-minute baseline and 4-minute PASAT. Cardiovascular parameters including heart rate (HR), systolic/diastolic blood pressure (S/DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded throughout the testing session. State measures of positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA), as well as post task measures of self-reported stress were used to assess psychological experiences of the stress task. RESULTS Extraversion was significantly associated with lower self-reported stress in response to the initial stress exposure, but not the second stress exposure. Higher levels of extraversion were associated with lower SBP, DBP, MAP and HR reactivity in responses to both exposures to the stressor. However, no significant associations were observed between extraversion and cardiovascular habituation to recurring psychological stress. CONCLUSION Extraversion is associated with lower cardiovascular reactivity to acute psychological stress and this relationship persists upon repeated exposures to the same stressor. Cardiovascular responses to stress may indicate a potential mechanism facilitating the association between extraversion and positive physical health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam O'Riordan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States.
| | - Danielle A Young
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Alexandra T Tyra
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Annie T Ginty
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|