The influence of contact lenses with different optical designs on the binocular vision and visual behavior of young adults

The status of binocular visual functions among Taiwan high-tech industry engineers and its correlation with computer vision symptom

To analyze the status of binocular visual functions, the relationship between binocular visual function and computer vision-related symptoms in the high-tech industry group. The study sample was comprised of 33 participants aged between 20 and 40 years of age. After completing basic information and the Computer Vision Symptom Scale (CVSS-17) questionnaire, the participants underwent a comprehensive examination of binocular visual function. All data were statistically analyzed with SPSS V26.0 software. The value of the binocular vision function of the Taiwan high-tech industry group was significantly different compared with the Scheiman and Morgan standard value. Study subjects were generally found to exhibit larger exophoric at distance, which in turn might lead to a lower ability to maintain binocular fusion to a single image, or recover from fusional disruption at distance. Subjects also experienced accommodation and convergence problems at near at the same time. Age, gender, and refractive errors had no significant impact on CVSS-17 scores, only the duration of computer usage showed a significant effect, particularly for internal symptom factor (ISF) dimensions. In addition, the interaction between the ISF and external symptom factor resulted in more severe visual symptoms. Long-term use of electronic devices may lead to an imbalance in binocular vision function, thereby increasing or exacerbating visual symptoms. If the use of electronic devices is an unchangeable trend, interventions in prescription, visual training or the visual design of electronic products become worthwhile topics for development.

Book Review: Efron, N. Contact Lens Practice; Elsevier Health Sciences: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2024; ISBN: 978-0-7020-8427-0

The book Contact Lens Practice (ISBN 978-0-7020-8427-0), fourth edition [...].

Routine binocular examination of young Taiwanese adults as a predictor of visual behavior performance

BACKGROUND

Morgan and Scheiman's Optometric Extension Program (OEP) expected binocular vision findings have longstanding use in optometry. With technological advances, the demands and standards of binocular function have changed. This study aimed to investigate which binocular visual functions can effectively predict visual behavior performance.

METHODS

Participants aged 15-24 years were recruited from two colleges and two universities. After completing the CSMU-Visual Behavioral Performance questionnaire (CSMU-VBP, with four components: near work, visual perception, visual comfort, and whole-body balance), participants were divided into symptomatic and asymptomatic groups based on questionnaire findings (cutoff: < 12 vs. ≥ 12 symptoms). Then a 24-step binocular visual examination was undertaken. Data were analyzed with one-sample, Student's, and paired t-tests. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to determine the predictors of binocular visual function required for near work, visual perception, visual comfort, and body balance dimensions.

RESULTS

Among 308 participants, 43 (14%) and 265 (86%) were symptomatic and asymptomatic, respectively. Among the 46 participants with abnormal binocular vision, 36 (78%) reported that they had no obvious symptoms. The commonest dysfunctions were accommodative excess and convergence excess. Most of the binocular visual findings significantly diverged from traditional normal values: amplitude of accommodation, as well as base-in prism to break and recovery points at distance were higher than traditional normal values, whereas others were lower than traditional normal values. Total CSMU-VBP scores indicated that the asymptomatic and symptomatic groups had significant differences in DBO recovery (t = 2.334, p = 0.020) and BAF (t = 1.984, p = 0.048). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yielded the following binocular visual functional cutoff points: near work (DBO blur < 7, DBO recovery < 5.5), visual perception (MAF < 10.5, BAF < 10.25), visual comfort (DLP <  - 2.25, DBI break > 11.5, NBI blur > 15, NBI break > 17.5, NBI recovery > 13, NPC < 5.75), and body balance (NFD_H >  - 0.5, gradient AC/A [minus] > 2.25, NPC < 4.75).

CONCLUSIONS

The mean values of binocular visual function among young Taiwanese adults were statistically different from traditional normative values. Further research is required to confirm whether these findings reflect impaired binocular vision or stringent criteria. Assessments of binocular visual function, especially binocular accommodation sensitivity, are crucial in routine optometric examination.