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El Sayed AM, El-Abd EA, Afifi AH, Hashim FA, Kutkat O, Ali MA, El Raey MA, El Hawary SS. Comparative metabolomics analysis of Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis Swingle and Limonia acidissima Linn. Fruits and leaves cultivated in Egypt in context to their antiviral effects. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32335. [PMID: 38933965 PMCID: PMC11200356 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive study of fruits and leaves extracts of Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis Swingle and Limonia acidissima L. family Rutaceae was accomplished to investigate their antiviral activity along with their zinc oxide nanoparticles formulation (ZnONPs) against the avian influenza H5N1 virus. A thorough comparative phytochemical investigation of C. medica and L.acidissima leaves and fruits was performed using UPLC-QTOF-MS-MS. Antiviral effects further aided by molecular docking proved the highly significant potential of using C. medica and L.acidissima extracts as medicinal agents. Antiviral potency is ascendingly arranged as L. acidissima leaves (LAL) > L. acidissima fruits (LAF) > C. medica leaves (CML) at 160 μg. Nano formulation of LAF has the most splendid antiviral upshot. The metabolomic profiling of CMF and LAL revealed the detection of 48 & 74 chromatographic peaks respectively. Docking simulation against five essential proteins in survival and replication of the influenza virus revealed that flavonoid di-glycosides (hesperidin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, and kaempferol-7-neohesperidoside) have shown great affinity toward the five investigated proteins and achieved docking scores which approached or even exceeded that achieved by the native ligands. Hesperidin has demonstrated the best binding affinity toward neuraminidase (NA), haemagglutinin (HA), and polymerase protein PB2 (-10.675, -8.131, and -10.046 kcal/mol respectively. We propose using prepared crude methanol extracts of both plants as an antiviral agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M. El Sayed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Eman A.W. El-Abd
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre, 33-Elbohouth St, (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O.12622, Giza, ID: 60014618, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H. Afifi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre, 33-Elbohouth St, (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O.12622, Giza, ID: 60014618, Egypt
| | - Fatma A. Hashim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre, 33-Elbohouth St, (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O.12622, Giza, ID: 60014618, Egypt
| | - Omnia Kutkat
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12311, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Ali
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12311, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. El Raey
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, Pharmaceutical Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Seham S. El Hawary
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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Sukmana NC, Sugiarto, Shinogi J, Minato T, Kojima T, Fujibayashi M, Nishihara S, Inoue K, Cao Y, Zhu T, Ubukata H, Higashiura A, Yamamoto A, Tassel C, Kageyama H, Sakaguchi T, Sadakane M. Structure Transformation of Methylammonium Polyoxomolybdates via In-Solution Acidification and Solid-State Heating from Methylammonium Monomolybdate and Application as Negative Staining Reagents for Coronavirus Observation. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:10207-10220. [PMID: 38767574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
We prepared polyoxomolybdates with methylammonium countercations from methylammonium monomolybdate, (CH3NH3)2[MoO4], through two dehydrative condensation methods, acidifying in the aqueous solution and solid-state heating. Discrete (CH3NH3)10[Mo36O112(OH)2(H2O)14], polymeric ((CH3NH3)8[Mo36O112(H2O)14])n, and polymeric ((CH3NH3)4[γ-Mo8O26])n were selectively isolated via pH control of the aqueous (CH3NH3)2[MoO4] solution. The H2SO4-acidified solution of pH < 1 produced "sulfonated α-MoO3", polymeric ((CH3NH3)2[(MoO3)3(SO4)])n. The solid-state heating of (CH3NH3)2[MoO4] in air released methylamine and water to produce several methylammonium polyoxomolybdates in the sequence of discrete (CH3NH3)8[Mo7O24-MoO4], discrete (CH3NH3)6[Mo7O24], discrete (CH3NH3)8[Mo10O34], and polymeric ((CH3NH3)4[γ-Mo8O26])n, before their transformation into molybdenum oxides such as hexagonal-MoO3 and α-MoO3. Notably, some of their polyoxomolybdate structures were different from polyoxomolybdates produced from ammonium molybdates, such as (NH4)2[MoO4] or (NH4)6[Mo7O24], indicating that countercation affected the polyoxomolybdate structure. Moreover, among the tested polyoxomolybdates, (CH3NH3)6[Mo7O24] was the best negative staining reagent for the observation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus using transmission electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ndaru Candra Sukmana
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Sugiarto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Jun Shinogi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Takuo Minato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Osaka, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Masaru Fujibayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- CResCent, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Sadafumi Nishihara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- CResCent, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Katsuya Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- CResCent, WPI SKCM2, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tong Zhu
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ubukata
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Akifumi Higashiura
- Department of Virology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Akima Yamamoto
- Department of Virology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Cédric Tassel
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kageyama
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takemasa Sakaguchi
- Department of Virology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sadakane
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
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Sugiarto, Sadakane M. Hexalacunary [α-H 2 P 2 W 12 O 48 ] 12- Wells-Dawson Anion: X-ray Crystal Structural Evidence and Oligomerization to WO(OH 2 ) 4+ -Bridged Dimer and Trimers. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301051. [PMID: 37249241 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report the first single-crystal X-ray structural evidence of the potassium salt of the hexalacunary [α-H2 P2 W12 O48 ]12- (abbreviated as {P2 W12 }) anion after its discovery by Contant and Ciabrini in 1977. In addition, we observed oligomerization of {P2 W12 } into a {WO(OH2 )}4+ -bridged Pacman-shaped [{WO(OH2 )}(α-HP2 W12 O48 )2 ]22- ({P4 W25 }) dimer and a cyclic [{WO(OH2 )}3 (P2 W12 O48 )3 ]30- ({P6 W39 }) trimer. The three phosphotungstate anions were synthesized through recrystallization of (NH4 )12 [α-H2 P2 W12 O48 ] from slightly alkaline (HOCH2 )3 CNH2 /KCl, CH3 NH3 Cl/KCl, and CH3 NH3 Cl/NH4 Cl solutions. The structure of {P2 W12 } is derived from [α-P2 W18 O62 ]6- that has six tungsten atoms one from each polar group and four from the belt-removed, and the center of the lacunary site is capped by a potassium cation. Structures of {P4 W25 } and {P6 W39 } are constructed by connecting two and three {P2 W12 } units with {WO(OH2 )}4+ , respectively. The isolation of a pure {P6 W39 } phosphotungstate framework without coordination with transition metal cations is unprecedented. Powder X-ray diffraction confirmed the bulk purity of these compounds, indicating that selective crystallization was achieved through the selection of countercations and pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugiarto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sadakane
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
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Luo W, Wang K, Luo J, Liu Y, Tong J, Qi M, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Ma Z, Feng J, Lei B, Yan H. Limonene anti-TMV activity and its mode of action. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:105512. [PMID: 37532363 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The main component of orange peel essential oil is limonene. Limonene is a natural active monoterpene with multiple functions, such as antibacterial, antiseptic and antitumor activity, and has important development value in agriculture. This study found that limonene exhibited excellent anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) bioactivity, with results showing that its protection activity, inactivation activity, and curative activity at 800 μg/mL were 84.93%, 59.28%, and 58.89%, respectively-significantly higher than those of chito-oligosaccharides. A direct effect of limonene on TMV particles was not observed, but limonene triggered the hypersensitive response (HR) in tobacco. Further determination of the induction activity of limonene against TMV demonstrated that it displayed good induction activity at 800 μg/mL, with a value of 60.59%. The results of physiological and biochemical experiments showed that at different treatment days, 800 μg/mL limonene induced the enhancement of defense enzymes activity in tobacco, including of SOD, CAT, POD, and PAL, which respectively increased by 3.2, 4.67, 4.12, and 2.33 times compared with the control (POD and SOD activities reached highest on the seventh day, and PAL and CAT activities reached highest on the fifth day). Limonene also enhanced the relative expression levels of pathogenesis related (PR) genes, including NPR1, PR1, and PR5, which were upregulated 3.84-fold, 1.86-fold and 1.71-fold, respectively. Limonene induced the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA), and increased the relative expression levels of genes related to SA biosynthesis (PAL) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst (RBOHB), which respectively increased by 2.76 times and 4.23 times higher than the control. Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is an important plant immune defense against pathogen infection. The observed accumulation of SA, the enhancement of defense enzymes activity and the high-level expression of defense-related genes suggested that limonene may induce resistance to TMV in tobacco by activating SAR mediated by the SA signaling pathway. Furthermore, the experimental results demonstrated that the expression level of the chlorophyll biosynthesis gene POR1 was increased 1.72-fold compared to the control in tobacco treated with 800 μg/mL limonene, indicating that limonene treatment may increase chlorophyll content in tobacco. The results of pot experiment showed that 800 μg/mL limonene induced plant resistance against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (33.33%), Phytophthora capsici (54.55%), Botrytis cinerea (50.00%). The bioassay results indicated that limonene provided broad-spectrum and long-lasting resistance to pathogen infection. Therefore, limonene has good development and utilization value, and is expected to be developed into a new botanical-derived anti-virus agent and plant immunity activator in addition to insecticides and fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Kaiyue Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jingyi Luo
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yingchen Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jiawen Tong
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mengting Qi
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhiqing Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Juntao Feng
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Bin Lei
- Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Fanning System in Desert Oasis Region, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - He Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Zmerli O, Bellali S, Haddad G, Hisada A, Ominami Y, Raoult D, Bou Khalil J. Rapid microbial viability assay using scanning electron microscopy: a proof-of-concept using Phosphotungstic acid staining. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:3627-3638. [PMID: 37501704 PMCID: PMC10371768 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple stains have been historically utilized in electron microscopy to provide proper contrast and superior image quality enabling the discovery of ultrastructures. However, the use of these stains in microbiological viability assessment has been limited. Phosphotungstic acid (PTA) staining is a common negative stain used in scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Here, we investigate the feasibility of a new SEM-PTA assay, aiming to determine both viable and dead microbes. The optimal sample preparation was established by staining bacteria with different PTA concentrations and incubation times. Once the assay conditions were set, we applied the protocol to various samples, evaluating bacterial viability under different conditions, and comparing SEM-PTA results to culture. The five minutes 10% PTA staining exhibited a strong distinction between viable micro-organisms perceived as hypo-dense, and dead micro-organisms displaying intense internal staining which was confirmed by high Tungsten (W) peak on the EDX spectra. SEM-PTA viability count after freezing, freeze-drying, or oxygen exposure, were concordant with culture. To our knowledge, this study is the first contribution towards PTA staining of live and dead bacteria. The SEM-PTA strategy demonstrated the feasibility of a rapid, cost-effective and efficient viability assay, presenting an open-view of the sample, and providing a potentially valuable tool for applications in microbiome investigations and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Zmerli
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin 13005 Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Marseille, France
| | - Sara Bellali
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Gabriel Haddad
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin 13005 Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Marseille, France
| | - Akiko Hisada
- Hitachi, Ltd. Research & Development Group, 2520, Akanuma, Hatoyama, Saitama, 350- 0395, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ominami
- Hitachi High-Tech Corporation, 882 Ichige, Hitachinaka-shi, Ibaraki-ken 312-8504, Japan
| | | | - Jacques Bou Khalil
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin 13005 Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Marseille, France
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Kuznetsova AA, Volchek VV, Yanshole VV, Fedorenko AD, Kompankov NB, Kokovkin VV, Gushchin AL, Abramov PA, Sokolov MN. Coordination of Pt(IV) by {P 8W 48} Macrocyclic Inorganic Cavitand: Structural, Solution, and Electrochemical Studies. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14560-14567. [PMID: 36067043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrothermal reaction of a macrocyclic inorganic POM cavitand Li17(NH4)21H2[P8W48O184] with [Pt(H2O)2(OH)4] results in coordination of up to six {Pt(H2O)x(OH)4-x} fragments to the internal surface of the polyoxoanion. The product was isolated as K22(NH4)9H3[{Pt(OH)3(H2O)}6P8W48O184]·79H2O (1) and characterized by multiple techniques in the solid state (SCXRD, XRPD, XPS, FTIR, and TGA) and in solution (NMR, ESI-MS, and HPLC-ICP-AES). Electrochemical properties were studied both in solution and as components of the paste electrode. The complex shows electrocatalytic activity in water oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Kuznetsova
- SB RAS, Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 3 Akad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Victoria V Volchek
- SB RAS, Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 3 Akad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Vadim V Yanshole
- International Tomography Center, Institutskaya str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 1, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anastasiya D Fedorenko
- SB RAS, Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 3 Akad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Nikolay B Kompankov
- SB RAS, Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 3 Akad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Vasily V Kokovkin
- SB RAS, Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 3 Akad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Artem L Gushchin
- SB RAS, Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 3 Akad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Pavel A Abramov
- SB RAS, Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 3 Akad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Maxim N Sokolov
- SB RAS, Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 3 Akad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Sukmana NC, Sugiarto S, Shinogi J, Yamamoto A, Higashiura A, Sakaguchi T, Sadakane M. Thermal Structure Transformation and Application as a Negative Staining Reagent for SARS‐CoV‐2 Observation of Methylammonium Vanadate. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022; 2022:e202200322. [PMID: 35942204 PMCID: PMC9350303 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The solid‐state thermal structure transformation of methylammonium vanadate, (CH3NH3)VO3, from −150 °C to 350 °C is reported. Variable‐temperature X‐ray single‐crystal structure analysis at 23, 0, −50, −100, and −150 °C reveal (CH3NH3)VO3 comprises of methylammonium cations and “snake‐like” ([VO3]−)n anion chains propagating along the c‐direction in the Pna21 space group. In between −150 and −100 °C, we observe a reversible structural transformation due to the re‐orientation of the methylammonium cations in the crystal packing, which is also confirmed by the reversible profiles observed in differential scanning calorimetry. The methylammonium vanadate is stable until at ca. 100 °C and further heating releases methylamine and water and V2O5 is formed at ca. 275 °C . Furthermore, we show that the methylammonium vanadate can be used as a negative staining reagent for visualizing SARS‐CoV‐2, allowing us to discern the spike proteins from the body of the virus using transmission electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sugiarto Sugiarto
- Hiroshima University: Hiroshima Daigaku Graduate School of Engineering JAPAN
| | - Jun Shinogi
- Hiroshima University: Hiroshima Daigaku Graduate School of Engineering JAPAN
| | - Akima Yamamoto
- Hiroshima University: Hiroshima Daigaku Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science JAPAN
| | - Akifumi Higashiura
- Hiroshima University: Hiroshima Daigaku Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science JAPAN
| | - Takemasa Sakaguchi
- Hiroshima University: Hiroshima Daigaku Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science JAPAN
| | - Masahiro Sadakane
- Hiroshima University: Hiroshima Daigaku Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Engineering 1-4-1 Kagamiyama 739-8527 Higashi-Hiroshima JAPAN
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