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Pusil S, Zegarra-Valdivia J, Cuesta P, Laohathai C, Cebolla AM, Haueisen J, Fiedler P, Funke M, Maestú F, Cheron G. Effects of spaceflight on the EEG alpha power and functional connectivity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9489. [PMID: 37303002 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34744-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) can detect changes in cerebral activity during spaceflight. This study evaluates the effect of spaceflight on brain networks through analysis of the Default Mode Network (DMN)'s alpha frequency band power and functional connectivity (FC), and the persistence of these changes. Five astronauts' resting state EEGs under three conditions were analyzed (pre-flight, in-flight, and post-flight). DMN's alpha band power and FC were computed using eLORETA and phase-locking value. Eyes-opened (EO) and eyes-closed (EC) conditions were differentiated. We found a DMN alpha band power reduction during in-flight (EC: p < 0.001; EO: p < 0.05) and post-flight (EC: p < 0.001; EO: p < 0.01) when compared to pre-flight condition. FC strength decreased during in-flight (EC: p < 0.01; EO: p < 0.01) and post-flight (EC: ns; EO: p < 0.01) compared to pre-flight condition. The DMN alpha band power and FC strength reduction persisted until 20 days after landing. Spaceflight caused electrocerebral alterations that persisted after return to earth. Periodic assessment by EEG-derived DMN analysis has the potential to become a neurophysiologic marker of cerebral functional integrity during exploration missions to space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pusil
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonathan Zegarra-Valdivia
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
- Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo, Peru
| | - Pablo Cuesta
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation, and Physiotherapy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana Maria Cebolla
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jens Haueisen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Patrique Fiedler
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Michael Funke
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fernando Maestú
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitario, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guy Cheron
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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Fiedler P, Haueisen J, Alvarez AMC, Cheron G, Cuesta P, Maestú F, Funke M. Noise characteristics in spaceflight multichannel EEG. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280822. [PMID: 36800392 PMCID: PMC9937484 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The cognitive performance of the crew has a major impact on mission safety and success in space flight. Monitoring of cognitive performance during long-duration space flight therefore is of paramount importance and can be performed using compact state-of-the-art mobile EEG. However, signal quality of EEG may be compromised due to the vicinity to various electronic devices and constant movements. We compare noise characteristics between in-flight extraterrestrial microgravity and ground-level terrestrial electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. EEG data recordings from either aboard International Space Station (ISS) or on earth's surface, utilizing three EEG amplifiers and two electrode types, were compared. In-flight recordings showed noise level of an order of magnitude lower when compared to pre- and post-flight ground-level recordings with the same EEG system. Noise levels between ground-level recordings with actively shielded cables, and in-flight recordings without shielded cables, were similar. Furthermore, noise level characteristics of shielded ground-level EEG recordings, using wet and dry electrodes, and in-flight EEG recordings were similar. Actively shielded mobile dry EEG systems will support neuroscientific research and neurocognitive monitoring during spaceflight, especially during long-duration space missions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrique Fiedler
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany,* E-mail:
| | - Jens Haueisen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany
| | | | - Guy Cheron
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Michael Funke
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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Wu J, Huang J, Li J, Chen X, Xiao Y. The role of conflict processing mechanism in deception responses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18300. [PMID: 36316417 PMCID: PMC9622869 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21569-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A considerable number of studies have described the potential neural mechanism of deception, but most deception studies have relied upon deception from experimental supervisor instruction. Experimental control (participants follow instructions to deceive without any risk) means that the deception occurs in a way that does not come close to the real deception. In the current study, a neural imaging experiment on deception closer to the real deception was conducted. Event-related potential (ERP) and event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) techniques were used to explore the neural mechanism of deception. The results showed that deceptive response evoked larger medial-frontal negativity (MFN) and smaller response-locked positivity (RLP) than truthful response. We interpret these findings to indicate that conflict detection and emotional processing are associated with deception. In addition, magnitudes of alpha and beta oscillations after the deceptive response were significantly smaller than those after the truthful response, demonstrating that deception is associated with neural oscillations reflecting conflict adjustment. The results comprehensively characterized the physiological properties of the brain oscillations elicited by a deceptive response and provided a theoretical foundation for detection in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Wu
- Beijing Machine and Equipment Institute, Beijing, 100854 China ,grid.418516.f0000 0004 1791 7464National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094 China
| | - Jie Huang
- grid.414351.60000 0004 0530 7044Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, 100096 China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- Beijing Machine and Equipment Institute, Beijing, 100854 China
| | - Xianglin Chen
- grid.43555.320000 0000 8841 6246Beijing Institute of Information Technology, Beijing, 100094 China
| | - Yi Xiao
- grid.418516.f0000 0004 1791 7464National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094 China
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