1
|
Mao J, Li C, Wu F, Wang Y, Zhu J, Wen C. The relationship between kidney disease and mitochondria: a bibliometric study. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2302963. [PMID: 38263699 PMCID: PMC10810663 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2302963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to its highly reabsorptive function, the kidney is a mitochondria-dependent organ. Research on the association between mitochondria and kidney disease has always been a serious focus of researchers, with many publications. Bibliometrics is a secondary analysis of published literature that extracts relevant information to gain insights into hotspots and trends in the field. Through bibliometric analysis, we aimed to understand the development trends and hotspots in the field of research on the association between kidney disease and mitochondria. METHOD Three bibliometric mapping tools (Biblimetrix R Package, VOS Viewer, CiteSpace) were used to provide an overview of the literature and analyze the co-occurrence of keywords and reference citations. RESULTS A total of 2672 relevant research articles were included. The co-occurrence network identified three clusters related to the association between mitochondria and kidney disease, including experimental methods, research mechanisms, and disease phenotypes. We found that research in this field has shifted from disease-level studies to mechanism-based studies, with the most prominent disease being diabetic nephropathy and the most prominent pathogenic mechanism being related to mitochondrial ROS production. CONCLUSION The bibliometric analysis provided a comprehensive understanding of the progress of research on the role of mitochondria in kidney disease, enriching the review literature in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jueyi Mao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cuifang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feifeng Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junquan Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chuan Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dao LTM, Vu TT, Nguyen QT, Hoang VT, Nguyen TL. Current cell therapies for systemic lupus erythematosus. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024; 13:859-872. [PMID: 38920310 PMCID: PMC11386214 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which multiple organs are damaged by the immune system. Although standard treatment options such as hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), glucocorticoids (GCs), and other immunosuppressive or immune-modulating agents can help to manage symptoms, they do not offer a cure. Hence, there is an urgent need for the development of novel drugs and therapies. In recent decades, cell therapies have been used for the treatment of SLE with encouraging results. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, mesenchymal stem cells, regulatory T (Treg) cell, natural killer cells, and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cells are advanced cell therapies which have been developed and evaluated in clinical trials in humans. In clinical application, each of these approaches has shown advantages and disadvantages. In addition, further studies are necessary to conclusively establish the safety and efficacy of these therapies. This review provides a summary of recent clinical trials investigating cell therapies for SLE treatment, along with a discussion on the potential of other cell-based therapies. The factors influencing the selection of common cell therapies for individual patients are also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan T M Dao
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Thu Thuy Vu
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Quyen Thi Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Van T Hoang
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Liem Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Vinmec International Hospital, Center of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Vin University, College of Health Sciences, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li C, Wu F, Mao J, Wang Y, Zhu J, Hong K, Xie H, Zhou X, Tian J, Wen C. Mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorate lupus nephritis by regulating T and B cell responses. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:216. [PMID: 39020448 PMCID: PMC11256400 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03834-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles (hUCMSC-EVs) have potent immunomodulatory properties similar to parent cells. This study investigated the therapeutic effects and immunomodulatory mechanisms of hUCMSC-EVs in an experimental lupus nephritis model. METHODS The hUCMSC-EVs were isolated by using differential ultracentrifugation. In vivo, the therapeutic effects of hUCMSC-EVs in lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice were investigated, and the mechanisms of treatment were explored according to the abnormal T and B cell responses among both the spleen and kidney. RESULTS MRL/lpr mice treated with hUCMSC-EVs reduced proteinuria extent, serum creatinine and renal pathological damage; decreased splenic index and serum anti-dsDNA IgG level; and improved survival rate. hUCMSC-EVs lowered the percentage of T helper (Th)1 cells, double-negative T (DNT) cells, and plasma cells among splenocytes; inhibited the infiltration of Th17 cells but promoted regulatory T (Treg) cells in the kidney, followed by a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels(IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, IL-21, and IL-17 A). In addition, hUCMSC-EVs inhibited the activation of STAT3 and down-regulated IL-17 A protein levels in the kidney. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrated that hUCMSC-EVs had therapeutic effects on experimental lupus nephritis (LN) by regulating Th1/Th17/Treg imbalance and inhibiting DNT and plasma cells. Additionally, hUCMSC-EVs inhibited Th17 cell differentiation in kidney by regulating the IL-6/STAT3/IL-17 signal pathway, which might be an important mechanism for alleviating renal injury. Taken together, we demonstrated that hUCMSC-EVs regulating T and B cell immune responses might represent a novel mechanism of hUCMSCs in treating LN, thus providing a new strategy for treating LN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuifang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Feifeng Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Jueyi Mao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Junquan Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Kimsor Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Haotian Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Jidong Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Chuan Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu T, Chen T, Fang H, Shen X, Shen X, Tang Z, Zhao J. Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Repair Endothelial Injury and Dysfunction by Regulating NLRP3 to Inhibit Endothelial Cell Pyroptosis in Kawasaki Disease. Inflammation 2024; 47:483-502. [PMID: 37948033 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01921-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are the main causes of endothelial injury in Kawasaki disease (KD). Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Huc-MSCs) have multiple functions in immune regulation. This study examined whether Huc-MSCs inhibited endothelial inflammation and improved endothelial function in KD through constructing cell and in vivo animal KD vasculitis models. The pyroptosis factor NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) was involved in the inflammatory process in the acute phase of KD. After tail vein injection of Huc-MSCs, inflammatory cell infiltration and the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins in the LCWE-induced KD mouse vasculitis model were significantly reduced. In vitro, NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis successfully induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) damage. Huc-MSCs effectively increased the abilities of impaired HUVECs to proliferate, migrate, invade, and form vessel-like tubes, while inhibiting their apoptosis, suggesting that Huc-MSCs can reduce inflammation and improve vascular endothelial function by inhibiting the NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis pathway in KD, providing a possibility and novel target for KD endothelial injury and dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
- Research Institute of Comparative Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Hao Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
- Research Institute of Comparative Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Xiwei Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
- Research Institute of Comparative Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Xianjuan Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Zhiyuan Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianmei Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Jiangsu Province, 226001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rajeev Kumar S, Sakthiswary R, Lokanathan Y. Potential Therapeutic Application and Mechanism of Action of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2444. [PMID: 38397121 PMCID: PMC10889333 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystemic autoimmune disease that affects nearly 3.41 million people globally, with 90% of the cases affecting women of childbearing age. SLE is a complex disease due to the interplay of various immunological pathways and mechanisms. This scoping review aims to highlight the latest research findings on the therapeutic mechanisms of action of EVs in SLE. Relevant research articles were identified using the PRISMA framework from databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine), Scopus (Elsevier), and Web of Science: Core Collection (Clarivate Analytics) from July 2023 to October 2023. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria and thus were included in this scoping review. The findings showed that EVs have therapeutic effects on ameliorating the disease progression of SLE. EVs can reduce the pro-inflammatory cytokines and increase the anti-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, EVs can increase the levels of regulatory T cells, thus reducing inflammation. EVs also have the potential to regulate B cells to alleviate SLE and reduce its adverse effects. The scoping review has successfully analysed the therapeutic potential in ameliorating the disease progression of SLE. The review also includes prospects to improve the effects of EVs further to increase the therapeutic effects on SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushmitha Rajeev Kumar
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Rajalingham Sakthiswary
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Yogeswaran Lokanathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wong C, Stoilova I, Gazeau F, Herbeuval JP, Fourniols T. Mesenchymal stromal cell derived extracellular vesicles as a therapeutic tool: immune regulation, MSC priming, and applications to SLE. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1355845. [PMID: 38390327 PMCID: PMC10881725 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1355845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a dysfunction of the immune system. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSCs) derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanometer-sized particles carrying a diverse range of bioactive molecules, such as proteins, miRNAs, and lipids. Despite the methodological disparities, recent works on MSC-EVs have highlighted their broad immunosuppressive effect, thus driving forwards the potential of MSC-EVs in the treatment of chronic diseases. Nonetheless, their mechanism of action is still unclear, and better understanding is needed for clinical application. Therefore, we describe in this review the diverse range of bioactive molecules mediating their immunomodulatory effect, the techniques and possibilities for enhancing their immune activity, and finally the potential application to SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Wong
- EVerZom, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8601, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Chemistry and Biology, Modeling and Immunology for Therapy (CBMIT), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Ivana Stoilova
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8601, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Chemistry and Biology, Modeling and Immunology for Therapy (CBMIT), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Florence Gazeau
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) UMR CNRS 7057, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Herbeuval
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8601, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Chemistry and Biology, Modeling and Immunology for Therapy (CBMIT), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Izquierdo-Altarejos P, Moreno-Manzano V, Felipo V. Pathological and therapeutic effects of extracellular vesicles in neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:55-61. [PMID: 37488844 PMCID: PMC10479838 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.375301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are released by all cell types and contain proteins, microRNAs, mRNAs, and other bioactive molecules. Extracellular vesicles play an important role in intercellular communication and in the modulation of the immune system and neuroinflammation. The cargo of extracellular vesicles (e.g., proteins and microRNAs) is altered in pathological situations. Extracellular vesicles contribute to the pathogenesis of many pathologies associated with sustained inflammation and neuroinflammation, including cancer, diabetes, hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy, and other neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. Extracellular vesicles may cross the blood-brain barrier and transfer pathological signals from the periphery to the brain. This contributes to inducing neuroinflammation and cognitive and motor impairment in hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy and in neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanisms involved are beginning to be understood. For example, increased tumor necrosis factor α in extracellular vesicles from plasma of hyperammonemic rats induces neuroinflammation and motor impairment when injected into normal rats. Identifying the mechanisms by which extracellular vesicles contribute to the pathogenesis of these diseases will help to develop new treatments and diagnostic tools for their easy and early detection. In contrast, extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells have therapeutic utility in many of the above pathologies, by reducing inflammation and neuroinflammation and improving cognitive and motor function. These extracellular vesicles recapitulate the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells and have advantages as therapeutic tools: they are less immunogenic, may not differentiate to malignant cells, cross the blood-brain barrier, and may reach more easily target organs. Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells have beneficial effects in models of ischemic brain injury, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, hyperammonemia, and hepatic encephalopathy. Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells modulate the immune system, promoting the shift from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state. For example, extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells modulate the Th17/Treg balance, promoting the anti-inflammatory Treg. Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells may also act directly in the brain to modulate microglia activation, promoting a shift from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state. This reduces neuroinflammation and improves cognitive and motor function. Two main components of extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells which contribute to these beneficial effects are transforming growth factor-β and miR-124. Identifying the mechanisms by which extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells induce the beneficial effects and the main molecules (e.g., proteins and mRNAs) involved may help to improve their therapeutic utility. The aims of this review are to summarize the knowledge of the pathological effects of extracellular vesicles in different pathologies, the therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells to recover cognitive and motor function and the molecular mechanisms for these beneficial effects on neurological function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Moreno-Manzano
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Felipo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lin SC, Panthi S, Hsuuw YH, Chen SH, Huang MJ, Sieber M, Hsuuw YD. Regenerative Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cell on Cartilage Damage in a Porcine Model. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1810. [PMID: 37509451 PMCID: PMC10376751 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major public and animal health challenge with significant economic consequences. Cartilage degradation plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of degenerative joint diseases, such as OA. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become increasingly popular in the field of cartilage regeneration due to their promising results. The objective of this preclinical study was to evaluate the regenerative effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the repair of knee cartilage defects using a porcine model. Seven healthy LYD breed white pigs, aged 9-10 weeks and weighing approximately 20 ± 3 kg, were used in the experimental protocol. Full-thickness defects measuring 8 mm in diameter and 5 mm in depth were induced in the lateral femoral condyle of the posterior limbs in both knee joints using a sterile puncture technique while the knee was maximally flexed. Following a 1-week induction phase, the pig treatment groups received a 0.3 million/kg MSC transplant into the damaged knee region, while the placebo group received a control solution as a treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computerized tomography (CT), visual macroscopic examination, histological analysis, and cytokine concentration analysis were used to assess cartilage regeneration. The findings revealed that human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) were more effective in repairing cartilage than pig umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pUCMSCs). These results suggest that MSC-based treatments hold promise as a treatment option for cartilage repair, which aid in the treatment of OA. However, further studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are required to fully demonstrate the safety and efficacy of these therapies in both animals and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Chuan Lin
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Xuefu Rd, Neipu Township, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
- Deng Chuan Animal Hospital, Kaohsiung 81361, Taiwan
| | - Sankar Panthi
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Xuefu Rd, Neipu Township, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Her Hsuuw
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Xuefu Rd, Neipu Township, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
- Deng Chuan Animal Hospital, Kaohsiung 81361, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Yan-Der Hsuuw
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Xuefu Rd, Neipu Township, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Di Liegro CM, Schiera G, Schirò G, Di Liegro I. RNA-Binding Proteins as Epigenetic Regulators of Brain Functions and Their Involvement in Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314622. [PMID: 36498959 PMCID: PMC9739182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A central aspect of nervous system development and function is the post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA fate, which implies time- and site-dependent translation, in response to cues originating from cell-to-cell crosstalk. Such events are fundamental for the establishment of brain cell asymmetry, as well as of long-lasting modifications of synapses (long-term potentiation: LTP), responsible for learning, memory, and higher cognitive functions. Post-transcriptional regulation is in turn dependent on RNA-binding proteins that, by recognizing and binding brief RNA sequences, base modifications, or secondary/tertiary structures, are able to control maturation, localization, stability, and translation of the transcripts. Notably, most RBPs contain intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) that are thought to be involved in the formation of membrane-less structures, probably due to liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Such structures are evidenced as a variety of granules that contain proteins and different classes of RNAs. The other side of the peculiar properties of IDRs is, however, that, under altered cellular conditions, they are also prone to form aggregates, as observed in neurodegeneration. Interestingly, RBPs, as part of both normal and aggregated complexes, are also able to enter extracellular vesicles (EVs), and in doing so, they can also reach cells other than those that produced them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Maria Di Liegro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche) (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gabriella Schiera
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche) (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Schirò
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata) (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Italia Di Liegro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata) (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-091-238-97 (ext. 415/446)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Urrata V, Trapani M, Franza M, Moschella F, Di Stefano AB, Toia F. Analysis of MSCs' secretome and EVs cargo: Evaluation of functions and applications. Life Sci 2022; 308:120990. [PMID: 36155182 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Urrata
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Trapani
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "Paolo Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mara Franza
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "Paolo Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Moschella
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Barbara Di Stefano
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesca Toia
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "Paolo Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|