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Liu C, Xia M, Fang H, Xu F, Wang S, Zhang D. De novo engineering riboflavin production Bacillus subtilis by overexpressing the downstream genes in the purine biosynthesis pathway. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:159. [PMID: 38822377 PMCID: PMC11141002 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02426-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacillus subtilis is widely used in industrial-scale riboflavin production. Previous studies have shown that targeted mutagenesis of the ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase in B. subtilis can significantly enhance riboflavin production. This modification also leads to an increase in purine intermediate concentrations in the medium. Interestingly, B. subtilis exhibits remarkable efficiency in purine nucleoside synthesis, often exceeding riboflavin yields. These observations highlight the importance of the conversion steps from inosine-5'-monophosphate (IMP) to 2,5-diamino-6-ribosylamino-4(3 H)-pyrimidinone-5'-phosphate (DARPP) in riboflavin production by B. subtilis. However, research elucidating the specific impact of these reactions on riboflavin production remains limited. RESULT We expressed the genes encoding enzymes involved in these reactions (guaB, guaA, gmk, ndk, ribA) using a synthetic operon. Introduction of the plasmid carrying this synthetic operon led to a 3.09-fold increase in riboflavin production compared to the control strain. Exclusion of gmk from the synthetic operon resulted in a 36% decrease in riboflavin production, which was further reduced when guaB and guaA were not co-expressed. By integrating the synthetic operon into the genome and employing additional engineering strategies, we achieved riboflavin production levels of 2702 mg/L. Medium optimization further increased production to 3477 mg/L, with a yield of 0.0869 g riboflavin per g of sucrose. CONCLUSION The conversion steps from IMP to DARPP play a critical role in riboflavin production by B. subtilis. Our overexpression strategies have demonstrated their effectiveness in overcoming these limiting factors and enhancing riboflavin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Miaomiao Xia
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Huan Fang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300131, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Al Mousa AA, Abouelela ME, Al Ghamidi NS, Abo-Dahab Y, Mohamed H, Abo-Dahab NF, Hassane AMA. Anti-Staphylococcal, Anti-Candida, and Free-Radical Scavenging Potential of Soil Fungal Metabolites: A Study Supported by Phenolic Characterization and Molecular Docking Analysis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 46:221-243. [PMID: 38248318 PMCID: PMC10814734 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus and Candida are recognized as causative agents in numerous diseases, and the rise of multidrug-resistant strains emphasizes the need to explore natural sources, such as fungi, for effective antimicrobial agents. This study aims to assess the in vitro anti-staphylococcal and anti-candidal potential of ethyl acetate extracts from various soil-derived fungal isolates. The investigation includes isolating and identifying fungal strains as well as determining their antioxidative activities, characterizing their phenolic substances through HPLC analysis, and conducting in silico molecular docking assessments of the phenolics' binding affinities to the target proteins, Staphylococcus aureus tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase and Candida albicans secreted aspartic protease 2. Out of nine fungal species tested, two highly potent isolates were identified through ITS ribosomal gene sequencing: Aspergillus terreus AUMC 15447 and A. nidulans AUMC 15444. Results indicated that A. terreus AUMC 15447 and A. nidulans AUMC 15444 extracts effectively inhibited S. aureus (concentration range: 25-0.39 mg/mL), with the A. nidulans AUMC 15444 extract demonstrating significant suppression of Candida spp. (concentration range: 3.125-0.39 mg/mL). The A. terreus AUMC 15447 extract exhibited an IC50 of 0.47 mg/mL toward DPPH radical-scavenging activity. HPLC analysis of the fungal extracts, employing 18 standards, revealed varying degrees of detected phenolics in terms of their presence and quantities. Docking investigations highlighted rutin as a potent inhibitor, showing high affinity (-16.43 kcal/mol and -12.35 kcal/mol) for S. aureus tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase and C. albicans secreted aspartic protease 2, respectively. The findings suggest that fungal metabolites, particularly phenolics, hold significant promise for the development of safe medications to combat pathogenic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal A. Al Mousa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 145111, Riyadh 4545, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed E. Abouelela
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo P.O. Box 11884, Egypt;
| | - Nadaa S. Al Ghamidi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 145111, Riyadh 4545, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Hassan Mohamed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (H.M.); (N.F.A.-D.)
| | - Nageh F. Abo-Dahab
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (H.M.); (N.F.A.-D.)
| | - Abdallah M. A. Hassane
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (H.M.); (N.F.A.-D.)
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El-Shall H, Abu-Serie M, Abu-Elreesh G, Eltarahony M. Unveiling the anticancer potentiality of single cell oils produced by marine oleaginous Paradendryphiella sp. under optimized economic growth conditions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20773. [PMID: 38008815 PMCID: PMC10679151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47656-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioprospecting about new marine oleaginous fungi that produce advantageous bioproducts in a green sustainable process is the key of blue bioeconomy. Herein, the marine Paradendryphiella sp. was utilized for single cell oils (SCOs) production economically, via central composite design, the lipid content enhanced 2.2-fold by 5.5 g/L lipid yeild on seawater-based media supplemented with molasses concentration 50 g/L, yeast extract, 2.25 g/L at initial pH value (5.3) and 8 days of static incubation. Subsequently, the fatty acid methyl esters profiles of SCOs produced on optimized media under different abiotic conditions were determined; signifying qualitative and quantitative variations. Interestingly, the psychrophilic-prolonged incubation increased the unsaturation level of fatty acids to 59.34%, while ω-6 and ω-3 contents representing 23.53% and 0.67% respectively. Remarkably, it exhibited the highest EC100 dose by 677.03 µg/mL on normal human lung fibroblast Wi-38 cells. Meanwhile, it showed the highest inhibiting proliferation potential on cancer cell lines of A549, MDA-MB 231 and HepG-2 cells by 372.37, 417.48 and 365.00 µg/mL, respectively. Besides, it elevated the oxidative stress, the expression of key apoptotic genes and suppressed the expression of key oncogenes (NF-κB, BCL2 and cyclin D); implying its promising efficacy in cancer treatment as adjuvant drug. This study denoted the lipogenesis capacity of Paradendryphiella sp. under acidic/alkaline and psychrophilic/mesophilic conditions. Hereby attaining efficient and economic process under seasonal variation with different Egyptian marine sources to fill the gap of freshwater crisis and simultaneously preserve energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel El-Shall
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt
| | - Marwa Abu-Serie
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt
| | - Gadallah Abu-Elreesh
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt
| | - Marwa Eltarahony
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt.
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